Python pygame sprite在到达屏幕底部后不会向上移动

Question

我正在复习 Python Crash Course v2 中的一个练习。 我复制了太空入侵者，外星人舰队上下移动（而不是左右移动）。 现在我正在修改其中的一部分来创建另一个游戏，当它到达屏幕的顶部和底部时，它应该上下移动。

问题：狗从右中心开始，然后向下移动到右下角，但没有向上移动。 它在那里抖动，好像它认为它已经到达顶部并很快又向下移动。 我已经断断续续地盯着这个几周了，如果能帮我找到我的错误，我真的很感激。

下面的代码将 dog 元素隔离在一个 .py 文件中。 （如果您没有使用 IDE，请编辑 pygame.QUIT 代码，使其正常关闭。）

您可以从我的 [Github for PlayBall pygame][1] 的图像文件夹中获取狗图像。或者您可以替换任何大约 96 x 56 像素的图像。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon Aug 31 19:25:26 2020

@author: Cathig
"""

import sys
import pygame
import pygame.font

class Settings:
    """A class to store all settings for Play Catch."""

    def __init__(self):
        """Initialize the game's settings."""
        # Screen settings
        self.screen_width = 1200
        self.screen_height = 800
        self.bg_color = (20, 230, 80)

        # Dog settings
        self.dog_speed = 1.0
        # dog direction of 1 represents down; -1 represents up.
        self.dog_direction = 1

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, pb_game):
        """Initialize the dog and set its starting position."""
        self.screen = pb_game.screen
        self.settings = pb_game.settings
        self.screen_rect = pb_game.screen.get_rect()

        # Load the dog image and get its rect.
        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/dog.png')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

        # Start the dog at the center right of the screen.
        self.rect.midright = self.screen_rect.midright

        # Store a decimal value for the dog's vertical position.
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)

    def check_edges(self):
        """Return True if the dog is at the edge of the screen."""
        screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
        if self.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom or self.rect.top <= 0:
            return True

    def update(self, dog_direction):
        """Move the dog down or up."""
        self.y += (self.settings.dog_speed * dog_direction)
        self.rect.y = float(self.y)

    def center_dog(self):
        self.rect.midright = self.screen_rect.midright
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)

    def blitme(self):
        """Draw the dog at its current location."""
        self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)

class PlayBall:
    """Overall class to manage game assets and behavior."""

    def __init__(self):
        """Initialize the game, and create game resources."""
        pygame.init()
        self.settings = Settings()

        # Set the window size and title bar text
        # Windowed
        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
            (self.settings.screen_width, self.settings.screen_height))
        # Full screen
        # self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((0, 0), pygame.FULLSCREEN)
        # self.settings.screen_width = self.screen.get_rect().width
        # self.settings.screen_height = self.screen.get_rect().height
        pygame.display.set_caption("Dog test")

        self.dog = Dog(self)

    def run_game(self):
        """Start the main loop for the game."""
        while True:
            self._check_events()

            self._update_dog()

            self._update_screen()

    def _update_dog(self):
        """Respond appropriately if the dog has reached an edge."""
        dog_direction = self.settings.dog_direction
        if self.dog.check_edges():
            dog_direction *= -1
        self.dog.update(dog_direction)

    def _check_events(self):
        """Respond to key presses and mouse events."""
        # Gracefully exit when 'X' or alt+F4 close the window
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit() # Use with IDE
                # sys.exit() # If not using IDE, use sys.exit()

    def _start_game(self):
        """Start a new game."""
        self.dog.center_dog()

    def _update_screen(self):
        """Update images on the screen, and flip to the new screen."""
        self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color)
        self.dog.blitme()

        # Make the most recently drawn screen visible.
        pygame.display.flip()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Make a game instance, and run the game.
    pb = PlayBall()
    pb.run_game()

Answer 1

在_update_dog方法中，您将方向复制到临时变量，然后在遇到边缘时反转临时变量。 更改在下一个循环中丢失。 要保持更改，还要更新设置变量。

这是更新后的代码：

def _update_dog(self):
    """Respond appropriately if the dog has reached an edge."""
    dog_direction = self.settings.dog_direction
    if self.dog.check_edges():
        dog_direction *= -1
        self.settings.dog_direction *= -1  # need to update settings also
    self.dog.update(dog_direction)