无法使用 ImageMagick 打开 .jpg、.png 或 .tif 文件，只能使用 .gif 文件

Question

我在 Linux 的 Windows 子系统上使用 Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS（仿生海狸）。 我根据这些说明安装了 ImageMagick，唯一的例外是 ImageMagick 版本目前是 7.0.10-34，而不是 7.0.4-5： https ://www.tutorialspoint.com/how-to-install-imagemagick-on-ubuntu .

我已经下载了一个测试 .gif 并成功运行了诸如convert giphy.gif -flip new.gif和magick giphy.gif giphy.tif并identify giphy.gif ，但是当我尝试使用“panda.jpg”运行相同的命令时" 或 "15k4881.tif"，我收到以下错误：

$ identify panda.jpg

identify: no decode delegate for this image format `JPG' @ error/constitute.c/ReadImage/562.

$ convert 15k4881.tif -flip 15k4881.tif

convert: no decode delegate for this image format `TIF' @ error/constitute.c/ReadImage/562. convert: no images defined `15k4881.tif' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3285.

我对这一切非常非常陌生，但我可以从以下输出中看出 .jpg、.tif 和 .png 不受支持，也没有适当的代表。 我该怎么做才能修改这些文件类型？

$ identify -list format给了我

Format  Mode  Description

      3FR  r--   Hasselblad CFV/H3D39II
      3G2  r--   Media Container
      3GP  r--   Media Container
        A* rw+   Raw alpha samples
      AAI* rw+   AAI Dune image
       AI  rw-   Adobe Illustrator CS2
     APNG  rw+   Animated Portable Network Graphics
      ART* rw-   PFS: 1st Publisher Clip Art
      ARW  r--   Sony Alpha Raw Image Format
   ASHLAR* -w+   Image sequence laid out in continuous irregular courses
      AVI  r--   Microsoft Audio/Visual Interleaved
      AVS* rw+   AVS X image
        B* rw+   Raw blue samples
      BGR* rw+   Raw blue, green, and red samples
     BGRA* rw+   Raw blue, green, red, and alpha samples
     BGRO* rw+   Raw blue, green, red, and opacity samples
      BMP* rw-   Microsoft Windows bitmap image
     BMP2* rw-   Microsoft Windows bitmap image (V2)
     BMP3* rw-   Microsoft Windows bitmap image (V3)
      BRF* -w-   BRF ASCII Braille format
        C* rw+   Raw cyan samples
      CAL* r--   Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support Type 1
           Specified in MIL-R-28002 and MIL-PRF-28002
     CALS* r--   Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support Type 1
           Specified in MIL-R-28002 and MIL-PRF-28002
   CANVAS* r--   Constant image uniform color
  CAPTION* r--   Caption
      CIN* rw-   Cineon Image File
      CIP* -w-   Cisco IP phone image format
     CLIP* rw+   Image Clip Mask
     CMYK* rw+   Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, and black samples
    CMYKA* rw+   Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, black, and alpha samples
      CR2  r--   Canon Digital Camera Raw Image Format
      CR3  r--   Canon Digital Camera Raw Image Format
      CRW  r--   Canon Digital Camera Raw Image Format
     CUBE* r--   Cube LUT
      CUR* rw-   Microsoft icon
      CUT* r--   DR Halo
     DATA* rw+   Base64-encoded inline images
      DCM* r--   Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine image
           DICOM is used by the medical community for images like X-rays.  The
           specification, "Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine
           (DICOM)", is available at http://medical.nema.org/.  In particular,
           see part 5 which describes the image encoding (RLE, JPEG, JPEG-LS),
           and supplement 61 which adds JPEG-2000 encoding.
      DCR  r--   Kodak Digital Camera Raw Image File
    DCRAW  r--   Raw Photo Decoder (dcraw)
      DCX* rw+   ZSoft IBM PC multi-page Paintbrush
      DDS* rw+   Microsoft DirectDraw Surface
      DNG  r--   Digital Negative
      DPX* rw-   SMPTE 268M-2003 (DPX 2.0)
           Digital Moving Picture Exchange Bitmap, Version 2.0.
           See SMPTE 268M-2003 specification at http://www.smtpe.org

     DXT1* rw+   Microsoft DirectDraw Surface
     DXT5* rw+   Microsoft DirectDraw Surface
     EPDF  rw-   Encapsulated Portable Document Format
      EPI  rw-   Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format
      EPS  rw-   Encapsulated PostScript
     EPS2  -w-   Level II Encapsulated PostScript
     EPS3  -w+   Level III Encapsulated PostScript
     EPSF  rw-   Encapsulated PostScript
     EPSI  rw-   Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format
      ERF  r--   Epson RAW Format
      FAX* rw+   Group 3 FAX
           FAX machines use non-square pixels which are 1.5 times wider than
           they are tall but computer displays use square pixels, therefore
           FAX images may appear to be narrow unless they are explicitly
           resized using a geometry of "150x100%".

     FILE* r--   Uniform Resource Locator (file://)
     FITS* rw-   Flexible Image Transport System
      FLV  rw+   Flash Video Stream
  FRACTAL* r--   Plasma fractal image
      FTP* ---   Uniform Resource Locator (ftp://)
      FTS* rw-   Flexible Image Transport System
        G* rw+   Raw green samples
       G3* rw-   Group 3 FAX
       G4* rw-   Group 4 FAX
      GIF* rw+   CompuServe graphics interchange format
    GIF87* rw-   CompuServe graphics interchange format (version 87a)
 GRADIENT* r--   Gradual linear passing from one shade to another
     GRAY* rw+   Raw gray samples
    GRAYA* rw+   Raw gray and alpha samples
     HALD* r--   Identity Hald color lookup table image
      HDR* rw+   Radiance RGBE image format
HISTOGRAM* -w-   Histogram of the image
      HRZ* rw-   Slow Scan TeleVision
      HTM* -w-   Hypertext Markup Language and a client-side image map
     HTML* -w-   Hypertext Markup Language and a client-side image map
     HTTP* ---   Uniform Resource Locator (http://)
    HTTPS* r--   Uniform Resource Locator (https://)
      ICB* rw-   Truevision Targa image
      ICO* rw+   Microsoft icon
     ICON* rw-   Microsoft icon
      IIQ  r--   Phase One Raw Image Format
     INFO  -w+   The image format and characteristics
   INLINE* rw+   Base64-encoded inline images
      IPL* rw+   IPL Image Sequence
   ISOBRL* -w-   ISO/TR 11548-1 format
  ISOBRL6* -w-   ISO/TR 11548-1 format 6dot
      JNX* r--   Garmin tile format
     JSON  -w+   The image format and characteristics
        K* rw+   Raw black samples
      K25  r--   Kodak Digital Camera Raw Image Format
      KDC  r--   Kodak Digital Camera Raw Image Format
    LABEL* r--   Image label
        M* rw+   Raw magenta samples
      M2V  rw+   MPEG Video Stream
      M4V  rw+   Raw VIDEO-4 Video
      MAC* r--   MAC Paint
      MAP* rw-   Colormap intensities and indices
     MASK* rw+   Image Clip Mask
      MAT  rw+   MATLAB level 5 image format
    MATTE* -w+   MATTE format
      MEF  r--   Mamiya Raw Image File
     MIFF* rw+   Magick Image File Format
      MKV  rw+   Multimedia Container
     MONO* rw-   Raw bi-level bitmap
      MOV  rw+   MPEG Video Stream
      MP4  rw+   VIDEO-4 Video Stream
      MPC* rw+   Magick Persistent Cache image format
     MPEG  rw+   MPEG Video Stream
      MPG  rw+   MPEG Video Stream
      MRW  r--   Sony (Minolta) Raw Image File
      MSL* ---   Magick Scripting Language
     MSVG  -w+   ImageMagick's own SVG internal renderer
      MTV* rw+   MTV Raytracing image format
      MVG* rw-   Magick Vector Graphics
      NEF  r--   Nikon Digital SLR Camera Raw Image File
      NRW  r--   Nikon Digital SLR Camera Raw Image File
     NULL* rw-   Constant image of uniform color
        O* rw+   Raw opacity samples
      ORA  ---   OpenRaster format
      ORF  r--   Olympus Digital Camera Raw Image File
      OTB* rw-   On-the-air bitmap
      PAL* rw-   16bit/pixel interleaved YUV
     PALM* rw+   Palm pixmap
      PAM* rw+   Common 2-dimensional bitmap format
    PANGO* ---   Pango Markup Language
  PATTERN* r--   Predefined pattern
      PBM* rw+   Portable bitmap format (black and white)
      PCD* rw-   Photo CD
     PCDS* rw-   Photo CD
      PCL  rw+   Printer Control Language
      PCT* rw-   Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT
      PCX* rw-   ZSoft IBM PC Paintbrush
      PDB* rw+   Palm Database ImageViewer Format
      PDF  rw+   Portable Document Format
     PDFA  rw+   Portable Document Archive Format
      PEF  r--   Pentax Electronic File
      PES* r--   Embrid Embroidery Format
      PFM* rw+   Portable float format
      PGM* rw+   Portable graymap format (gray scale)
      PGX* rw-   JPEG 2000 uncompressed format
    PICON* rw-   Personal Icon
     PICT* rw-   Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT
      PIX* r--   Alias/Wavefront RLE image format
   PLASMA* r--   Plasma fractal image
      PNM* rw+   Portable anymap
POCKETMOD  rw+   Pocketmod Personal Organizer
      PPM* rw+   Portable pixmap format (color)
       PS  rw+   PostScript
      PS2  -w+   Level II PostScript
      PS3  -w+   Level III PostScript
      PSB* rw+   Adobe Large Document Format
      PSD* rw+   Adobe Photoshop bitmap
      PWP* r--   Seattle Film Works
        R* rw+   Raw red samples
RADIAL-GRADIENT* r--   Gradual radial passing from one shade to another
      RAF  r--   Fuji CCD-RAW Graphic File
      RAS* rw+   SUN Rasterfile
      RAW  r--   Raw
      RGB* rw+   Raw red, green, and blue samples
   RGB565* r--   Raw red, green, blue samples in 565 format
     RGBA* rw+   Raw red, green, blue, and alpha samples
     RGBO* rw+   Raw red, green, blue, and opacity samples
      RGF* rw-   LEGO Mindstorms EV3 Robot Graphic Format (black and white)
      RLA* r--   Alias/Wavefront image
      RLE* r--   Utah Run length encoded image
      RMF  r--   Raw Media Format
      RW2  r--   Panasonic Lumix Raw Image
      SCR* r--   ZX-Spectrum SCREEN$
SCREENSHOT* r--   Screen shot
      SCT* r--   Scitex HandShake
      SFW* r--   Seattle Film Works
      SGI* rw+   Irix RGB image
    SHTML* -w-   Hypertext Markup Language and a client-side image map
      SIX* rw-   DEC SIXEL Graphics Format
    SIXEL* rw-   DEC SIXEL Graphics Format
SPARSE-COLOR* -w+   Sparse Color
      SR2  r--   Sony Raw Format 2
      SRF  r--   Sony Raw Format
  STEGANO* r--   Steganographic image
      SUN* rw+   SUN Rasterfile
      SVG  rw+   Scalable Vector Graphics
     SVGZ  -w+   Compressed Scalable Vector Graphics
     TEXT* r--   Text
      TGA* rw-   Truevision Targa image
THUMBNAIL* -w+   EXIF Profile Thumbnail
     TILE* r--   Tile image with a texture
      TIM* r--   PSX TIM
      TM2* r--   PS2 TIM2
      TXT* rw+   Text
     UBRL* -w-   Unicode Text format
    UBRL6* -w-   Unicode Text format 6dot
      UIL* -w-   X-Motif UIL table
     UYVY* rw-   16bit/pixel interleaved YUV
      VDA* rw-   Truevision Targa image
    VICAR* rw-   VICAR rasterfile format
      VID* rw+   Visual Image Directory
     VIFF* rw+   Khoros Visualization image
     VIPS* rw+   VIPS image
      VST* rw-   Truevision Targa image
     WBMP* rw-   Wireless Bitmap (level 0) image
     WEBM  rw+   Open Web Media
      WMV  rw+   Windows Media Video
      WPG* r--   Word Perfect Graphics
      X3F  r--   Sigma Camera RAW Picture File
      XBM* rw-   X Windows system bitmap (black and white)
       XC* r--   Constant image uniform color
      XCF* r--   GIMP image
      XPM* rw-   X Windows system pixmap (color)
      XPS  r--   Microsoft XML Paper Specification
       XV* rw+   Khoros Visualization image
        Y* rw+   Raw yellow samples
    YCbCr* rw+   Raw Y, Cb, and Cr samples
   YCbCrA* rw+   Raw Y, Cb, Cr, and alpha samples
      YUV* rw-   CCIR 601 4:1:1 or 4:2:2

* native blob support
r read support
w write support
+ support for multiple images

$ convert -list configure给了我

Path: /usr/local/lib/ImageMagick-7.0.10//config-Q16HDRI/configure.xml

Name                  Value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC                    gcc
CFLAGS                -fopenmp -Wall -g -O2 -mtune=core2 -fexceptions -pthread -DMAGICKCORE_HDRI_ENABLE=1 -DMAGICKCORE_QUANTUM_DEPTH=16
CODER_PATH            /usr/local/lib/ImageMagick-7.0.10/modules-Q16HDRI/coders
CONFIGURE             ./configure
CONFIGURE_PATH        /usr/local/etc/ImageMagick-7/
COPYRIGHT             Copyright (C) 1999-2020 ImageMagick Studio LLC
CPPFLAGS              -I/usr/local/include/ImageMagick-7
CXX                   g++
CXXFLAGS               -pthread
DEFS                  -DHAVE_CONFIG_H
DELEGATES             mpeg
DISTCHECK_CONFIG_FLAGS  --disable-deprecated  --with-quantum-depth=16  --with-jemalloc=no  --with-umem=no  --with-autotrace=no  --with-gslib=no  --with-fontpath=  --with-rsvg=no  --with-wmf=no  --with-perl=no
DOCUMENTATION_PATH    /usr/local/share/doc/ImageMagick-7
EXEC-PREFIX           /usr/local
EXECUTABLE_PATH       /usr/local/bin
FEATURES              DPC HDRI Cipher OpenMP
FILTER_PATH           /usr/local/lib/ImageMagick-7.0.10/modules-Q16HDRI/filters
GIT_REVISION          17696
HOST                  x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
INCLUDE_PATH          /usr/local/include/ImageMagick-7
LDFLAGS               -L/usr/local/lib
LIB_VERSION           0x70A
LIB_VERSION_NUMBER    7,0,10,34
LIBRARY_PATH          /usr/local/lib/ImageMagick-7.0.10
LIBS                                                           -lm    -lpthread  -lgomp
NAME                  ImageMagick
PCFLAGS               -fopenmp -DMAGICKCORE_HDRI_ENABLE=1 -DMAGICKCORE_QUANTUM_DEPTH=16
PREFIX                /usr/local
QuantumDepth          16
RELEASE_DATE          2020-10-22
SHARE_PATH            /usr/local/share/ImageMagick-7
SHAREARCH_PATH        /usr/local/lib/ImageMagick-7.0.10/config-Q16HDRI
TARGET_CPU            x86_64
TARGET_OS             linux-gnu
TARGET_VENDOR         pc
VERSION               7.0.10
WEBSITE               https://imagemagick.org

Path: [built-in]

Name                  Value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELEGATES
FEATURES              Cipher DPC HDRI OpenMP(4.5)
MAGICK_TEMPORARY_PATH /tmp
NAME                  ImageMagick
QuantumDepth          Q16

和convert -list delegate给了我

Path: /usr/local/etc/ImageMagick-7/delegates.xml

Delegate                Command
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    blender =>          "blender' -b '%i' -F PNG -o '%o''\n'magick' convert -concatenate '%o*.png' '%o"
        bmp<= jxr       "/bin/mv '%i' '%i.bmp'; 'JxrEncApp' -i '%i.bmp' -o '%o.jxr'; /bin/mv '%i.bmp' '%i'; /bin/mv '%o.jxr' '%o"
        bmp<= wdp       "/bin/mv '%i' '%i.bmp'; 'JxrEncApp' -i '%i.bmp' -o '%o.jxr'; /bin/mv '%i.bmp' '%i'; /bin/mv '%o.jxr' '%o"
        bpg =>          "bpgdec' -b 16 -o '%o.png' '%i'; /bin/mv '%o.png' '%o"
        cdr =>          "@UniconvertorDelegate@' '%i' '%o.svg'; /bin/mv '%o.svg' '%o"
        cgm =>          "@UniconvertorDelegate@' '%i' '%o.svg'; /bin/mv '%o.svg' '%o"
 dng:decode =>          "ufraw-batch' --silent --create-id=also --out-type=png --out-depth=16 '--output=%u.png' '%i"
        doc =>          "libreoffice' --headless --convert-to pdf -outdir `dirname '%i'` '%i' 2> '%u'; /bin/mv '%i.pdf' '%o"
       docx =>          "libreoffice' --headless --convert-to pdf -outdir `dirname '%i'` '%i' 2> '%u'; /bin/mv '%i.pdf' '%o"
        dot =>          "dot' -Tsvg '%i' -o '%o"
        dvi =>          "dvips' -sstdout=%%stderr -o '%o' '%i"
        dxf =>          "@UniconvertorDelegate@' '%i' '%o.svg'; /bin/mv '%o.svg' '%o"
        eps<=>pdf       "gs' -sstdout=%%stderr -dQUIET -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dMaxBitmap=500000000 '-sDEVICE=pdfwrite' '-sOutputFile=%o' '-f%i"
        eps<=>ps        "gs' -sstdout=%%stderr -dQUIET -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=2 '-sDEVICE=ps2write' '-sOutputFile=%o' '-f%i"
        fig =>          "@UniconvertorDelegate@' '%i' '%o.svg'; /bin/mv '%o.svg' '%o"
        hpg =>          "hp2xx' -sstdout=%%stderr -m eps -f `basename '%o'` '%i';     /bin/mv -f `basename '%o'` '%o"
       hpgl =>          "hp2xx' -sstdout=%%stderr -m eps -f `basename '%o'` '%i';     /bin/mv -f `basename '%o'` '%o"
        htm =>          "html2ps' -U -o '%o' '%i"
       html =>          "html2ps' -U -o '%o' '%i"
https:decode =>          "curl' -s -k -L -o '%u.dat' 'https:%M"
       ilbm =>          "ilbmtoppm' '%i' > '%o"
        jpg<= lep       "lepton' '%i' '%o"
        jxr =>          "/bin/mv '%i' '%i.jxr'; 'JxrDecApp' -i '%i.jxr' -o '%o.pnm'; /bin/mv '%i.jxr' '%i'; /bin/mv '%o.pnm' '%o"
        lep =>          "lepton' '%i' '%o"
       miff<= show      "magick' display -immutable -delay 0 -title '%M' '%i"
        odt =>          "libreoffice' --headless --convert-to pdf -outdir `dirname '%i'` '%i' 2> '%u'; /bin/mv '%i.pdf' '%o"
        pdf<=>eps       "gs' -sstdout=%%stderr -dQUIET -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=2 -sPDFPassword='%a' '-sDEVICE=eps2write' '-sOutputFile=%o' '-f%i"
        pdf<=>ps        "gs' -sstdout=%%stderr -dQUIET -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=2 '-sDEVICE=ps2write' -sPDFPassword='%a' '-sOutputFile=%o' '-f%i"
        png<= bpg       "bpgenc' -b 12 -q '%~' -o '%o' '%i"
        png<= webp      "cwebp' -quiet %Q '%i' -o '%o"
        pnm<= trace     "potrace' --svg --output '%o' '%i"
        pnm<= ilbm      "ppmtoilbm' -24if '%i' > '%o"
        ppt =>          "libreoffice' --headless --convert-to pdf -outdir `dirname '%i'` '%i' 2> '%u'; /bin/mv '%i.pdf' '%o"
       pptx =>          "libreoffice' --headless --convert-to pdf -outdir `dirname '%i'` '%i' 2> '%u'; /bin/mv '%i.pdf' '%o"
         ps<= prt       " lpr' '%i"
         ps<=>eps       "gs' -sstdout=%%stderr -dQUIET -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=2 '-sDEVICE=eps2write' '-sOutputFile=%o' '-f%i"
         ps<=>pdf       "gs' -sstdout=%%stderr -dQUIET -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=2 '-sDEVICE=pdfwrite' '-sOutputFile=%o' '-f%i"
         ps<= print     "@LPRDelegateDefault@ '%i"
      shtml =>          "html2ps' -U -o '%o' '%i"
        sid =>          "mrsidgeodecode' -if sid -i '%i' -of tif -o '%o' > '%u"
        svg =>          "rsvg-convert' -o '%o' '%i"
       tiff<= launch    "gimp' '%i"
video:decode =>          "avconv' -nostdin -v -1 -i '%i' -vframes %S -vcodec pam -an -f rawvideo -y '%u.pam' 2> '%u"
        wdp =>          "/bin/mv '%i' '%i.jxr'; 'JxrDecApp' -i '%i.jxr' -o '%o.bmp'; /bin/mv '%i.jxr' '%i'; /bin/mv '%o.bmp' '%o"
       webp =>          "dwebp' -pam '%i' -o '%o"
        xls =>          "libreoffice' --headless --convert-to pdf -outdir `dirname '%i'` '%i' 2> '%u'; /bin/mv '%i.pdf' '%o"
       xlsx =>          "libreoffice' --headless --convert-to pdf -outdir `dirname '%i'` '%i' 2> '%u'; /bin/mv '%i.pdf' '%o"

Answer 1

如果您从源代码安装 ImageMagick，请确保您拥有所需的委托。

执行以下操作：例如，为了使用 JPG、PNG 和 TIFF 代表安装 ImageMagick，需要执行这些步骤。

更新 apt 索引： sudo apt-get update

安装 Build-Essential 以配置和进行最终安装： sudo apt-get install build-essential

使用基本 JPG 文件需要 libjpg62-dev： sudo apt-get install -y libjpeg62-dev

需要 libtiff-dev 才能使用 TIFF 文件格式： sudo apt-get install -y libtiff-dev

使用基本 PNG 文件需要 libpng-dev： sudo apt-get install -y libpng-dev

下载 ImageMagick： wget https://www.imagemagick.org/download/ImageMagick.tar.gz

解压 Imagemagick： tar xvzf ImageMagick.tar.gz

访问工作目录： cd ImageMagick-*

配置禁用“共享”选项并使用 stow 目录路径为已安装的源文件添加前缀： ./configure --disable-shared --prefix=/usr/local/stow/ImageMagick

编译、安装和检查： sudo make && sudo make install && sudo make check

存放 ImageMagick 包：

cd /usr/local/stow/
stow ImageMagick

确保上述代表出席：

identify --version
Version: ImageMagick 7.1.0-4 Q16 x86_64 2021-07-17 https://imagemagick.org
Copyright: (C) 1999-2021 ImageMagick Studio LLC
License: https://imagemagick.org/script/license.php
Features: Cipher DPC HDRI OpenMP(4.5) 
Delegates (built-in): freetype jbig jng jpeg lzma png tiff x xml zlib

如果您需要从头开始重新安装，Gnu Stow 将使卸载软件包更容易：

cd /usr/local/stow/
stow -D ImageMagick         #it will remove the symlinked soruce files inside ../lib, ../bin, etc.
rm -rf ImageMagick/

Answer 2

您已经从源代码构建了自己的 imagemagick。

这不是一件容易的事情——你需要很多其他的包才能正常工作（例如，如果你想处理 jpeg 图像，你必须安装 libjpeg 和 libexif 的头文件），你需要很多对文件格式和文件格式库有深入了解，您需要仔细考虑安全性以及您需要哪些委托，然后一旦构建了它，您就需要对其进行维护。

相反，使用 Ubuntu 的内置 imagemagick 几乎总是更好。 只需输入：

apt install imagemagick

它会下载并安装 imagemagick 的经过测试和工作的副本，并且会在发布错误修正时自动保持最新状态。 您可能应该删除为减少混淆而构建的 imagemagick。

如果我绝对必须拥有比包存储库中版本更新的包，我只会从源代码构建，即使那样我也会三思而后行。 甚至三倍。