无法在 Jupyter Notebook 中安装 Python 2 kernel

Question

我正在尝试使用为 Python 2.7 编写的 Python 程序。 我正在使用运行 Catalina 的 Macbook Pro。 该程序在这里： https://github.com/geoss/censumander 。 该程序有两个 Jupyter Notebooks 可供练习。 我安装了 Anaconda 4.9.2 和 pip 20.2.4。 当我打开 Jupyter Notebook 时，它默认为 Python 3，并且没有 kernel 选项更改为 Python 2。我使用此处的指南尝试安装 Python 2 kernel： 8810563835488：8810563835270安装/kernel_install.html 。

当我跑步时

python2 -m pip install ipykernel

我回来了

Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement ipykernel (from versions: )

No matching distribution found for ipykernel 。

我对使用 Python（通常使用 R）还很陌生，我正试图掌握这样的东西，如果这里的答案很明显，我深表歉意。 我在这里尝试了解决方案但无济于事： Jupyter notebook with Python 2 and Python3 Kernel

我也尝试过这里的解决方案： Jupyter Notebook - install python 2 。 第一个解决方案

$ python2 /path/to/jupyter-notebook

我不清楚，因为我不明白代码指向什么文件路径（对于 jupyter_notebook）。 （这可能是我笨手笨脚的结果。）

第二，

conda create -n ipykernel_py2 python=2 ipykernel
conda activate ipykernel_py2    
python -m ipykernel install --user

在第三行之后触发以下回溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/runpy.py", line 163, in _run_module_as_main
    mod_name, _Error)
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/runpy.py", line 111, in _get_module_details
    __import__(mod_name)  # Do not catch exceptions initializing package
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ipykernel/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ipykernel/connect.py", line 13, in <module>
    from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from .terminal.embed import embed
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/terminal/embed.py", line 18, in <module>
    from IPython.terminal.interactiveshell import TerminalInteractiveShell
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/terminal/interactiveshell.py", line 16, in <module>
    from prompt_toolkit.document import Document
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/__init__.py", line 16, in <module>
    from .interface import CommandLineInterface
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/interface.py", line 19, in <module>
    from .application import Application, AbortAction
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/application.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .buffer import Buffer, AcceptAction
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/buffer.py", line 7, in <module>
    from .auto_suggest import AutoSuggest
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/auto_suggest.py", line 13, in <module>
    from .filters import to_cli_filter
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/filters/__init__.py", line 33, in <module>
    from .base import *
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/filters/base.py", line 5, in <module>
    from prompt_toolkit.utils import test_callable_args
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/utils.py", line 9, in <module>
    from wcwidth import wcwidth
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wcwidth/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
    from .wcwidth import ZERO_WIDTH  # noqa
  File "/opt/anaconda3/envs/ipykernel_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wcwidth/wcwidth.py", line 79, in <module>
    from backports.functools_lru_cache import lru_cache
ImportError: No module named functools_lru_cache

谢谢大家

Answer 1

从 5.0 版开始， ipykernel仅在 Python 3.4+ 上运行（从 5.2 版开始 — 3.5+）。 要为 Python 2.7 安装 ipykernel，您需要一个旧版本：

python2 -m pip install 'ipykernel<5.0'

对于backports.functools-lru-cache安装或强制重新安装它：

pip install -U backports.functools-lru-cache

要么

pip install --ignore-installed backports.functools-lru-cache