Django 测试失败，出现“django.db.utils.ProgrammingError：关系“django_content_type”不存在”

Question

我正在尝试为 Django 项目编写和运行测试，但正在运行

$ python manage.py test apps/actions/tests

给出以下错误：

django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "django_content_type" does not exist

这只发生在我尝试运行测试时。 运行python manage.py runserver没有给我任何错误，一切正常。 我正在使用 Django 3.1.3

这是完整的追溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
psycopg2.errors.UndefinedTable: relation "django_content_type" does not exist


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\manage.py", line 18, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 395, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\test.py", line 23, in run_from_argv
    super().run_from_argv(argv)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 330, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 371, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\test.py", line 53, in handle
    failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\test\runner.py", line 695, in run_tests
    old_config = self.setup_databases(aliases=databases)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\test\runner.py", line 614, in setup_databases
    return _setup_databases(
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\test\utils.py", line 170, in setup_databases
    connection.creation.create_test_db(
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\creation.py", line 72, in create_test_db
    call_command(
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 168, in call_command
    return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 371, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 85, in wrapped
    res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 214, in handle
    self.sync_apps(connection, executor.loader.unmigrated_apps)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 352, in sync_apps
    self.stdout.write('    Running deferred SQL...')
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 115, in __exit__
    self.execute(sql)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 142, in execute
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 66, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 75, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "C:\Users\Kamil\Projekty\random\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "django_content_type" does not exist

我已经尝试删除并重新创建我的迁移。 我的INSTALLED_APPS中有django.contrib.contenttypes 。 Traceback 并没有指出我的代码中的任何特定位置，所以我不知道在哪里看。

这是python manage.py showmigrations ，如果有帮助的话。

actions
 [X] 0001_initial
admin
 [X] 0001_initial
 [X] 0002_logentry_remove_auto_add
 [X] 0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices
auth
 [X] 0001_initial
 [X] 0002_alter_permission_name_max_length
 [X] 0003_alter_user_email_max_length
 [X] 0004_alter_user_username_opts
 [X] 0005_alter_user_last_login_null
 [X] 0006_require_contenttypes_0002
 [X] 0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages
 [X] 0008_alter_user_username_max_length
 [X] 0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length
 [X] 0010_alter_group_name_max_length
 [X] 0011_update_proxy_permissions
 [X] 0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length
contenttypes
 [X] 0001_initial
 [X] 0002_remove_content_type_name
guardian
 [X] 0001_initial
 [X] 0002_generic_permissions_index
integrations
 [X] 0001_initial
links
 [X] 0001_initial
sessions
 [X] 0001_initial
triggers
 [X] 0001_initial
users
 [X] 0001_initial
workers
 [X] 0001_initial

Answer 1

我想到了。 我没有为使用from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType model 的应用程序之一运行makemigration <app> 。

不知何故，通过runserver运行本地服务器时没关系，但在运行test命令时没有通过。

Answer 2

这也可能意味着数据库不可访问，假设我们覆盖了 DiscoverTestRunner class 的 setup_database 方法，我们将遇到同样的错误。