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Python 创建目录错误 当文件已存在时无法创建文件

[英]Python create directory error Cannot create a file when that file already exists

我仅在使用 Python 时才尝试创建目录。

如果目录不存在,则脚本运行良好。 但是,如果它已经存在,我会收到一条错误消息:

An error has occurred: [WinError 183] Cannot create a file when that file already exists: '..\\..\\source_files\\aws_accounts_list'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".\aws_ec2_list_instances.py", line 781, in <module>
    main()
  File ".\aws_ec2_list_instances.py", line 654, in main
    mongo_export_to_file(interactive, aws_account, aws_account_number)
  File "C:\Users\tdun0002\OneDrive - Synchronoss Technologies\Desktop\important_folders\Jokefire\git\jf_cloud_scripts\aws_scripts\python\aws_tools\ec2_mongo.py", line 292, in mongo_export_to_file
    create_directories()
  File "C:\Users\tdun0002\OneDrive - Synchronoss Technologies\Desktop\important_folders\Jokefire\git\jf_cloud_scripts\aws_scripts\python\aws_tools\ec2_mongo.py", line 117, in create_directories
    os.makedirs(source_files_path)
  File "C:\Users\tdun0002\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\os.py", line 223, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
FileExistsError: [WinError 183] Cannot create a file when that file already exists: '..\\..\\source_files\\aws_accounts_list'

这是我的代码:

def create_directories():
    ## Set source and output file directories
    source_files_path = os.path.join('..', '..', 'source_files', 'aws_accounts_list')

    # Create output files directory
    try:
        os.makedirs(source_files_path)
    except OSError as e:
        print(f"An error has occurred: {e}")
        raise

如果遇到这样的错误,我希望异常允许脚本继续。 我怎样才能做到这一点?

从 Python 3.4 开始,使用pathlib使用Path.mkdir变得非常容易:

from pathlib import Path

def create_directories():
    ## Set source and output file directories
    source_files_path = Path('..', '..', 'source_files', 'aws_accounts_list')

    # Create output files directory
    source_files_oath.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

如果您坚持使用os ,那么makedirs自 Python 3.2 - exist_ok以来还有另一个论点,即:

如果exists_okFalse (默认值),如果目标目录已经存在,则会引发FileExistsError

所以只需更改为:

os.makedirs(source_files_path, exist_ok=True)

只是不要重新提出错误

# Create output files directory
try:
    os.makedirs(source_files_path)
except OSError as e:
    print(f"An error has occurred. Continuing anyways: {e}")

但我们实际上并不想跳过所有操作系统错误,只有当文件不存在时,所以更好的解决方案是:

# Create output files directory
try:
    os.makedirs(source_files_path)
except FileExistsError as e:
    print('File already exists')
    return False
except OSError as e:
    print(f"An error has occurred: {e}")
    raise

正如Tomerikoo建议的那样,您也可以使用os.path.exists

import os

if not os.path.exists(source_files_path):
    try:
        os.makedirs(source_files_path)
    except OSError as e:
        print(f"An error has occurred: {e}")
        raise

我将其保留在下面作为参考,因为它可能适用于其他类似的情况。

如果是目录,您可以使用os.path.isdir进行检查:

import os

if not os.path.isdir(source_files_path):
    try:
        os.makedirs(source_files_path)
    except OSError as e:
        print(f"An error has occurred: {e}")
        raise

或者,您可以在文件路径的情况下使用os.path.isfile

import os

if not os.path.isfile(source_files_path):
    try:
        os.makedirs(source_files_path)
    except OSError as e:
        print(f"An error has occurred: {e}")
        raise

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