当有 class 时，从 tkinter Python 表单获取输入变量

Question

我有这段代码，它在 Python 3 和 tkinter 中创建了一个非常基本的形式。 我要捕获的是输入到表单文本框中的文本（通过按下按钮）。 我的问题是我对课程的误解，因为我无法为爱或金钱获得变量，它似乎总是未定义。 所以我的第一个问题是得到这个的正确方法是什么，所以按钮打印变量，其次我在这里缺少什么？ 将变量放入无法在外部访问的 class 中的想法是什么，或者确保它们的正确方法是什么？

import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

class App:


    def __init__(self, root):
        #setting title
        root.title("undefined")
        #setting window size
        width=600
        height=500
        screenwidth = root.winfo_screenwidth()
        screenheight = root.winfo_screenheight()
        alignstr = '%dx%d+%d+%d' % (width, height, (screenwidth - width) / 2, (screenheight - height) / 2)
        root.geometry(alignstr)
        root.resizable(width=False, height=False)

        GButton_815=tk.Button(root)
        GButton_815["bg"] = "#efefef"
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Times',size=10)
        GButton_815["font"] = ft
        GButton_815["fg"] = "#000000"
        GButton_815["justify"] = "center"
        GButton_815["text"] = "Run"
        GButton_815.place(x=50,y=100,width=70,height=25)
        GButton_815["command"] = self.GButton_815_command

        GLineEdit_786=tk.Entry(root)
        GLineEdit_786["borderwidth"] = "1px"
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Times',size=10)
        GLineEdit_786["font"] = ft
        GLineEdit_786["fg"] = "#333333"
        GLineEdit_786["justify"] = "left"
        GLineEdit_786["text"] = "Entry"
        GLineEdit_786.place(x=190,y=100,width=260,height=30)

        GLabel_146=tk.Label(root)
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Times',size=10)
        GLabel_146["font"] = ft
        GLabel_146["fg"] = "#333333"
        GLabel_146["justify"] = "center"
        GLabel_146["text"] = "Video ID"
        GLabel_146.place(x=170,y=70,width=70,height=25)

    def GButton_815_command():
        vidIQInput = GLineEdit_786.get()
        print(vidIQInput)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App(root)
    root.mainloop()

正是这段代码打败了我

def GButton_815_command():
    vidIQInput = GLineEdit_786.get()
    print(vidIQInput)

总是给出这个结果

vidIQInput = GLineEdit_786.get()
NameError: name 'GLineEdit_786' is not defined

我错过了什么？

Answer 1

答案是将self添加到我想在class之外访问的每个变量，然后添加到function。 我不会将此问题标记为已回答，因为 acw1668 提供的解决方案没有解释原因。 “root”甚至“anything”会代替“self”起作用。 在 class 的上下文中，“self”和“root”是什么意思？

import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

class App:


    def __init__(self, root):
        #setting title
        root.title("undefined")
        #setting window size
        width=600
        height=500
        screenwidth = root.winfo_screenwidth()
        screenheight = root.winfo_screenheight()
        alignstr = '%dx%d+%d+%d' % (width, height, (screenwidth - width) / 2, (screenheight - height) / 2)
        root.geometry(alignstr)
        root.resizable(width=False, height=False)

        self.GButton_815=tk.Button(root)
        self.GButton_815["bg"] = "#efefef"
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Times',size=10)
        self.GButton_815["font"] = ft
        self.GButton_815["fg"] = "#333333"
        self.GButton_815["justify"] = "center"
        self.GButton_815["text"] = "Run"
        self.GButton_815.place(x=50,y=100,width=70,height=25)
        self.GButton_815["command"] = self.GButton_815_command

        self.GLineEdit_786=tk.Entry(root)
        self.GLineEdit_786["borderwidth"] = "1px"
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Times',size=10)
        self.GLineEdit_786["font"] = ft
        self.GLineEdit_786["fg"] = "#333333"
        self.GLineEdit_786["justify"] = "left"
        self.GLineEdit_786["text"] = "Entry"
        self.GLineEdit_786.place(x=190,y=100,width=260,height=30)

        GLabel_146=tk.Label(root)
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Times',size=10)
        GLabel_146["font"] = ft
        GLabel_146["fg"] = "#333333"
        GLabel_146["justify"] = "center"
        GLabel_146["text"] = "Video ID"
        GLabel_146.place(x=170,y=70,width=70,height=25)

    def GButton_815_command(self):

        vidIQInput = self.GLineEdit_786.get()       
        print(vidIQInput)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App(root)
    root.mainloop()