[英]Pythonic way to extract keys and multiple values from a list of dicts
我有一些有效的代码，从文本文件中读取数据作为字典列表，代码从 for 循环中的每个字典中获取键和值。 虽然它有效，但我确信有比下面的更好的方法来做到这一点：
代码
data_list = [{'Clk': '190', '50%': '5.3149999999999995', '100%': '4.715'},
{'Clk': '195', '50%': '5.295', '100%': '4.765'},
{'Clk': '200', '50%': '5.395', '100%': '4.9'},
{'Clk': '205', '50%': '5.55', '100%': '4.970000000000001'},
{'Clk': '210', '50%': '5.68', '100%': '5.005'},
{'Clk': '215', '50%': '5.725', '100%': '5.08'},
{'Clk': '220', '50%': '5.85', '100%': '5.215'},
{'Clk': '225', '50%': '6.03', '100%': '5.35'},
{'Clk': '230', '50%': '6.140000000000001', '100%': '5.395'},
{'Clk': '235', '50%': '6.074999999999999', '100%': '5.37'},
{'Clk': '240', '50%': '6.02', '100%': '5.345'},
{'Clk': '245', '50%': '6.025', '100%': '5.49'},
{'Clk': '290', '50%': '5.67', '100%': '5.37'}]
#print(data_list)
#print('\n'*3)
Clk = []
av_50 = []
av_100 = []
for dicty in data_list:
for k,v in dicty.items():
#print(" ", v)
if k == "Clk":
Clk.append(dicty["Clk"])
if k == "50%":
av_50.append(dicty["50%"])
if k == "100%":
av_100.append(dicty["100%"])
print('\n'*3)
print(Clk)
print('\n')
print(av_50)
print('\n')
print(av_100)
输出
['190', '195', '200', '205', '210', '215', '220', '225', '230', '235', '240', '245', '290']
['5.3149999999999995', '5.295', '5.395', '5.55', '5.68', '5.725', '5.85', '6.03', '6.140000000000001', '6.074999999999999', '6.02', '6.025', '5.67']
['4.715', '4.765', '4.9', '4.970000000000001', '5.005', '5.08', '5.215', '5.35', '5.395', '5.37', '5.345', '5.49', '5.37']
data_list = [
{'Clk': '190', '50%': '5.3149999999999995', '100%': '4.715'},
{'Clk': '195', '50%': '5.295', '100%': '4.765'},
{'Clk': '200', '50%': '5.395', '100%': '4.9'},
{'Clk': '205', '50%': '5.55', '100%': '4.970000000000001'},
{'Clk': '210', '50%': '5.68', '100%': '5.005'},
{'Clk': '215', '50%': '5.725', '100%': '5.08'},
{'Clk': '220', '50%': '5.85', '100%': '5.215'},
{'Clk': '225', '50%': '6.03', '100%': '5.35'},
{'Clk': '230', '50%': '6.140000000000001', '100%': '5.395'},
{'Clk': '235', '50%': '6.074999999999999', '100%': '5.37'},
{'Clk': '240', '50%': '6.02', '100%': '5.345'},
{'Clk': '245', '50%': '6.025', '100%': '5.49'},
{'Clk': '290', '50%': '5.67', '100%': '5.37'}
]
Clk = [data_point['Clk'] for data_point in data_list] # shortcode for creating list with iterator
av_50 = [data_point['50%'] for data_point in data_list]
av_100 = [data_point['100%'] for data_point in data_list]
您可以通过字典使用 zip 到 go 和 map 3 个字段到单独的列表中：
data_list = [{'Clk': '190', '50%': '5.3149999999999995', '100%': '4.715'},
{'Clk': '195', '50%': '5.295', '100%': '4.765'},
{'Clk': '200', '50%': '5.395', '100%': '4.9'},
{'Clk': '205', '50%': '5.55', '100%': '4.970000000000001'},
{'Clk': '210', '50%': '5.68', '100%': '5.005'},
{'Clk': '215', '50%': '5.725', '100%': '5.08'},
{'Clk': '220', '50%': '5.85', '100%': '5.215'},
{'Clk': '225', '50%': '6.03', '100%': '5.35'},
{'Clk': '230', '50%': '6.140000000000001', '100%': '5.395'},
{'Clk': '235', '50%': '6.074999999999999', '100%': '5.37'},
{'Clk': '240', '50%': '6.02', '100%': '5.345'},
{'Clk': '245', '50%': '6.025', '100%': '5.49'},
{'Clk': '290', '50%': '5.67', '100%': '5.37'}
]
Clk, av_50, av_100 = map(list,zip(*((d["Clk"],d["50%"],d["100%"]) for d in data_list)))
print(Clk)
print(av_50)
print(av_100)
['190', '195', '200', '205', '210', '215', '220', '225', '230', '235', '240', '245', '290']
['5.3149999999999995', '5.295', '5.395', '5.55', '5.68', '5.725', '5.85', '6.03', '6.140000000000001', '6.074999999999999', '6.02', '6.025', '5.67']
['4.715', '4.765', '4.9', '4.970000000000001', '5.005', '5.08', '5.215', '5.35', '5.395', '5.37', '5.345', '5.49', '5.37']
对于更通用的公式，您可以将键与列表理解分开：
keys = ("Clk","50%","100%")
Clk,av_50,av_100 = map(list,zip(*(map(d.get,keys) for d in data_list)))
这将允许创建通用密钥提取 function：
def listKeys(D,*keys):
return map(list,zip(*(map(d.get,keys) for d in D)))
Clk,av_50,av_100 = listKeys(data_list,"Clk","50%","100%")
我建议使用pandas.DataFrame非常方便的方法
import pandas as pd
data_list = [{'Clk': '190', '50%': '5.3149999999999995', '100%': '4.715'},
{'Clk': '195', '50%': '5.295', '100%': '4.765'},
{'Clk': '200', '50%': '5.395', '100%': '4.9'},
{'Clk': '205', '50%': '5.55', '100%': '4.970000000000001'},
{'Clk': '210', '50%': '5.68', '100%': '5.005'},
{'Clk': '215', '50%': '5.725', '100%': '5.08'},
{'Clk': '220', '50%': '5.85', '100%': '5.215'},
{'Clk': '225', '50%': '6.03', '100%': '5.35'},
{'Clk': '230', '50%': '6.140000000000001', '100%': '5.395'},
{'Clk': '235', '50%': '6.074999999999999', '100%': '5.37'},
{'Clk': '240', '50%': '6.02', '100%': '5.345'},
{'Clk': '245', '50%': '6.025', '100%': '5.49'},
{'Clk': '290', '50%': '5.67', '100%': '5.37'}]
my_data=pd.DataFrame(data_list)
clk = my_data['Clk'].tolist()
clk
问候
Felix 的回答有效，但如果您想继续检查密钥是否存在，您可以这样做：
data_list = [
{'Clk': '190', '50%': '5.3149999999999995', '100%': '4.715'},
{'Clk': '195', '50%': '5.295', '100%': '4.765'},
{'Clk': '200', '50%': '5.395', '100%': '4.9'},
{'Clk': '205', '50%': '5.55', '100%': '4.970000000000001'},
{'Clk': '210', '50%': '5.68', '100%': '5.005'},
{'Clk': '215', '50%': '5.725', '100%': '5.08'},
{'Clk': '220', '50%': '5.85', '100%': '5.215'},
{'Clk': '225', '50%': '6.03', '100%': '5.35'},
{'Clk': '230', '50%': '6.140000000000001', '100%': '5.395'},
{'Clk': '235', '50%': '6.074999999999999', '100%': '5.37'},
{'Clk': '240', '50%': '6.02', '100%': '5.345'},
{'Clk': '245', '50%': '6.025', '100%': '5.49'},
{'Clk': '290', '50%': '5.67', '100%': '5.37'}
]
Clk = [dicty["Clk"] for dicty in data_list if "Clk" in dicty.keys()]
av_50 = [dicty["50%"] for dicty in data_list if "50%" in dicty.keys()]
av_100 = [dicty["100%"] for dicty in data_list if "100%" in dicty.keys()]
没有任何额外库的基本（和最佳）解决方案：
clk = []
av_50 = []
av_100 = []
for item in data_list:
clk.append(item['Clk'])
av_50.append(item['50%'])
av_100.append(item['100%'])
print(clk)
print(av_50)
print(av_100)
更优雅的列表推导解决方案，虽然效率较低，因为它需要对data_list进行三次迭代，而不是前一种方法只需要一次
clk = []
av_50 = []
av_100 = []
clk = [item['Clk'] for item in data_list]
av_50 = [item['50%'] for item in data_list]
av_100 = [item['100%'] for item in data_list]
print(clk)
print(av_50)
print(av_100)
使用动态数据收集可能很方便，以防您的 dict 结构可能随着时间而改变。 这将适用于您的data_list ：
def explode(data_list):
keys = list(data_list[0].keys())
values = [[d[k] for k in keys] for d in data_list]
return keys, values
keys, values = explode(data_list)
然后print(keys)输出
['Clk', '50%', '100%'`]
和print(values) ：
[['190', '5.3149999999999995', '4.715'], ['195', '5.295', '4.765'], ['200', '5.395', '4.9'], ['205', '5.55', '4.970000000000001'], ['210', '5.68', '5.005'], ['215', '5.725', '5.08'], ['220', '5.85', '5.215'], ['225', '6.03', '5.35'], ['230', '6.140000000000001', '5.395'], ['235', '6.074999999999999', '5.37'], ['240', '6.02', '5.345'], ['245', '6.025', '5.49'], ['290', '5.67', '5.37']]
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