基于 x 轴标签的颜色

Question

我想根据y-axis每列着色（使用彩虹前 7 种颜色）。 例如，在y-axis label A我想交换Z4A8A08F09D37B73795649038408B5F333Z BOX绿色至'#FF000' "#9400D3" ，类似于G 。 为丢失的样本数据道歉，因为我的 dput 太大。 欢迎任何帮助。

示例代码：

ggplot(df3, aes(x = time, y = index, fill = value))+
  theme_bw()+ 
  scale_x_continuous(breaks =  c(4,8,12,16,20,24),expand = c(-0, 0), name= "")+ 
  geom_raster() +
  facet_grid(~ day)+
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) + 
  theme(legend.title = element_text(family="Times",color = "black", size = 16, face="bold"),
        legend.text = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 16,face="bold"),
        legend.position="top",
        plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))+
  theme(panel.spacing = unit(1, "mm"),  axis.text.x = element_text(hjust = 1)) + 
  scale_fill_manual(values=c("yellow", "green"))+  
  labs(x="Time", y ="", fill="Legend:")+ 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text( hjust = 1,family="Times", face="bold", size=12,  color="black"), 
        axis.title.x = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black"),
        axis.text.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=12,  color=colour),strip.text = element_text(size=12, face="bold"), 
        axis.title.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black")
  )

示例数据： My dput is too large to copy so I provide the dput head

structure(list(X1 = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), index = structure(1:6, .Label = c("A", 
"B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G"), class = "factor"), variable = c("Monday_04:00", 
"Monday_04:00", "Monday_04:00", "Monday_04:00", "Monday_04:00", 
"Monday_04:00"), value = c("N", "N", "N", "N", "Y", "N"), day = structure(c(1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", 
"g"), class = "factor"), time = c(4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4)), row.names = c(NA, 
-6L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))

前50个案例：

structure(list(X1 = c(2342, 4499, 3761, 1282, 1836, 2696, 2226, 
2280, 3956, 3147, 3371, 2596, 2142, 3824, 3627, 2611, 3778, 3401, 
582, 4180, 2521, 2541, 2422, 118, 1556, 4702, 2877, 3458, 1714, 
1040, 639, 1907, 2356, 318, 4312, 332, 2234, 3766, 4575, 3933, 
1083, 1411, 3942, 3626, 3130, 2403, 837, 1540, 4566, 4262), index = structure(c(4L, 
5L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 7L, 5L, 1L, 4L, 4L, 6L, 7L, 2L, 1L, 7L, 5L, 
6L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 7L, 7L, 6L, 2L, 5L, 7L, 7L, 6L, 4L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 
3L, 7L, 3L, 1L, 7L, 4L, 6L, 5L, 4L, 1L, 7L, 1L, 2L, 4L, 7L, 2L, 
6L), .Label = c("A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G"), class = "factor"), 
    variable = c("Thursday_15:30", "Sunday_20:30", "Saturday_18:15", 
    "Tuesday_01:45", "Wednesday_21:30", "Friday_04:15", "Thursday_11:15", 
    "Thursday_13:15", "Saturday_01:15", "Friday_20:15", "Saturday_04:15", 
    "Thursday_00:30", "Thursday_08:15", "Saturday_20:30", "Saturday_13:30", 
    "Thursday_01:00", "Saturday_18:45", "Saturday_05:15", "Monday_00:45", 
    "Sunday_09:15", "Thursday_22:00", "Thursday_22:30", "Thursday_18:15", 
    "Monday_08:00", "Wednesday_11:30", "Sunday_03:45", "Friday_10:30", 
    "Saturday_07:15", "Wednesday_17:00", "Tuesday_17:00", "Monday_02:45", 
    "Wednesday_00:00", "Thursday_16:00", "Monday_15:15", "Sunday_13:45", 
    "Monday_15:45", "Thursday_11:45", "Saturday_18:15", "Sunday_23:15", 
    "Saturday_00:15", "Tuesday_18:30", "Wednesday_06:15", "Saturday_00:45", 
    "Saturday_13:15", "Friday_19:45", "Thursday_17:45", "Tuesday_09:45", 
    "Wednesday_10:45", "Sunday_23:00", "Sunday_12:00"), value = c("Y", 
    "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "Y", 
    "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "Y", 
    "Y", "N", "N", "Y", "N", "N", "N", "Y", "N", "Y", "N", "N", 
    "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "N", "Y", "Y", "N", 
    "N"), day = structure(c(4L, 7L, 6L, 2L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 4L, 6L, 
    5L, 6L, 4L, 4L, 6L, 6L, 4L, 6L, 6L, 1L, 7L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 1L, 
    3L, 7L, 5L, 6L, 3L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 7L, 1L, 4L, 6L, 7L, 
    6L, 2L, 3L, 6L, 6L, 5L, 4L, 2L, 3L, 7L, 7L), .Label = c("a", 
    "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"), class = "factor"), time = c(15.5, 
    20.5, 18.25, 25.75, 21.5, 4.25, 11.25, 13.25, 25.25, 20.25, 
    4.25, 24.5, 8.25, 20.5, 13.5, 25, 18.75, 5.25, 24.75, 9.25, 
    22, 22.5, 18.25, 8, 11.5, 27.75, 10.5, 7.25, 17, 17, 26.75, 
    24, 16, 15.25, 13.75, 15.75, 11.75, 18.25, 23.25, 24.25, 
    18.5, 6.25, 24.75, 13.25, 19.75, 17.75, 9.75, 10.75, 23, 
    12)), row.names = c(NA, -50L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", 
"data.frame"))

Answer 1

为代表加扰 OP 的共享数据集

感谢您提供数据，但与提供前 5 行相比，提供数据集的前 50 行并没有那么有用，因为在此期间每个df3$index的df3$value的值不会改变。

在这种情况下，我正在获取您的数据并对其进行加扰，以便它可以成为您数据的更具代表性的示例：

set.seed(1980)
df3$value <- df3$value[sample(1:50, 50, replace=T)]

# then run OP's plot code posted in the question

重新着色瓷砖

OP 想根据 y 轴的值对每个图块进行颜色编码 - 并将颜色与 y 轴匹配，这是使用 7 个彩虹 colors 的集合（例如rainbow(7) ）。 这里的问题是 OP 已经根据df3$value对每个图块进行了颜色编码。 由于 OP 没有具体说明他们设想的着色方式，我将假设 OP 想要：

• 对于df3$value == "Y"的任何图块，填充颜色应对应于用于 label y 轴 ( df3$index ) 的彩虹色。
• 对于df3$value == "N"的任何图块，填充颜色应该是一些中性颜色（灰色？）或根本不着色。

基本上，我们想要 map fill = df3$index ，然后使用命名向量指定 colors 以填充scale_fill_manual() 。 我们只想在df3$value == "Y"时将 map 填充到df3$index 。 最简单的方法是将geom_raster()应用于df3的子集，其中df3$value == "Y" 。

color_vector <- rainbow(7)
names(color_vector) <- LETTERS[1:7]

ggplot(df3, aes(x = time, y = index, fill = index))+
  theme_bw()+
  scale_x_continuous(breaks =  c(4,8,12,16,20,24),expand = c(-0, 0), name= "")+
  # geom_raster(fill='gray', alpha=0.2) +
  geom_raster(data=subset(df3, value=='Y')) +
  facet_grid(~ day) +
  scale_fill_manual(values=color_vector) +
  labs(x="Time", y ="", fill="Legend:")+
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5),
    panel.spacing = unit(1, "mm"),
    legend.title = element_text(family="Times",color = "black", size = 16, face="bold"),
    legend.text = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 16,face="bold"),
    legend.position="top",
    axis.text.x = element_text( hjust = 1,family="Times", face="bold", size=12,  color="black"),
    axis.title.x = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black"),
    axis.text.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=12,  color=rainbow(7)),
    strip.text = element_text(size=12, face="bold"),
    axis.title.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black")
  )

请注意，我在上面的 plot 代码中注释掉了另一个geom_raster()调用。 如果取消注释该行，它将首先为任何具有df3$value == "N"的图块绘制灰色背景。 归根结底，这是一种审美选择。

一些美学修改

对 OP 的一个一般说明是，通过theme(...对主题元素进行的所有修改通常应该 go 一起。严格来说，你不必这样做，但这是更好的做法，你会在第二个 plot 上面的代码，我把所有的元素都收集在一起了。有重复，所以需要清理很多。

可能存在一个问题，即如何显示更多“灰色表示值等于 N”，而彩色填充仅显示索引。 有几种方法可以解决这个问题，但我将展示 OP 可以在此处使用的一种可能方式。

ggplot(df3, aes(x = time, y = index, fill = index))+
  theme_bw()+
  scale_x_continuous(breaks =  c(4,8,12,16,20,24),expand = c(-0, 0), name= "")+
  geom_raster(aes(fill='No Value'), alpha=0.2) +
  geom_raster(data=subset(df3, value=='Y')) +
  facet_grid(~ day) +
  scale_fill_manual(values=c(color_vector, 'No Value'="gray")) +
  labs(x="Time", y ="", fill="Legend:")+
  guides(fill=guide_legend(override.aes = list(alpha=c(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0.2)))) +
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5),
    panel.spacing = unit(1, "mm"),
    legend.title = element_text(family="Times",color = "black", size = 16, face="bold"),
    legend.text = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 16,face="bold"),
    legend.position="right",
    axis.text.x = element_text( hjust = 1,family="Times", face="bold", size=12,  color="black"),
    axis.title.x = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black"),
    axis.text.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=12,  color=rainbow(7)),
    strip.text = element_text(size=12, face="bold"),
    axis.title.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black")
  )

请注意，在第一个geom_raster()的aes()中将“无值”放在引号中会将填充 label 分配给"No Value"并将其放在图例中。 然后我需要在scale_fill_manual()调用中指定这个值应该是灰色的。 最后，创建的图例不会正确 map alpha 的美学以匹配字形，所以我包括了guides(...部分，我使用override.aes()来修复最终灰色字形的 alpha 以具有适当的阿尔法设置。

过于复杂的答案？ 当然，但我这样做部分是为了向 OP 展示他们如何调整 plot 的一些建议。