[英]How to authenticate User from mysql in django?
我想实现登录应用程序。 所有用户信息都在名为“admin_users”的表中。 我正在使用 xampp 的 mysql 服务器。
当我使用user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
在打印用户上进行身份验证时,我得到None
。
我是 django 的初学者,我找不到问题所在。 如果我正在执行AdminUsers.objects.all()
我可以打印所有表信息。
模型.py
class AdminUsers(models.Model):
username=models.CharField(max_length=50)
firstname=models.CharField(max_length=50)
department=models.CharField(max_length=50)
mail=models.CharField(max_length=50)
id=models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
password=models.CharField(max_length=200)
class Meta:
db_table="admin_users"
查看.py
def login(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
username = request.POST['username']
password = request.POST['password']
user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
print(user)
return render(request,'AdminUsers/login.html')
我的 index.html 包含带有用户名和密码的简单 forms。
设置.py
"""
Django settings for python_test project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.6.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/
"""
from pathlib import Path
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-j*uh&s1$j-'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'myapp'
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'python_test.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates'),
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'app_kanri/templates/app_kanri/')
],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'python_test.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'mydb',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '3306',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
您需要在设置中插入: AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'AppName.AdminUsers'
(将 AppName 替换为包含 AdminUsers 的应用名称)。
您的自定义用户 model 应该从 AbstractUser 继承以与身份验证系统兼容(现在它不起作用):
class AdminUsers(AbstractUser):
department=models.CharField(max_length=50)
class Meta:
db_table='admin_users'
现在 AdminUsers 会继承 AbstractUser 的字段(用户名,email,密码,is_staff,...),详细阅读这个。 如果您已经完成迁移,则需要删除默认用户 model 的迁移。
另请注意,您应该将 model 命名为“AdminUser”而不是“AdminUsers”。
不确定 AdminUsers model 的目标是什么。默认的 django 用户 model 具有诸如 is_staff 和 is_superuser 之类的标志,您可以使用这些标志来区分用户及其在应用程序上可以访问的权限。 在此处查看用户 model 的文档
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