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如何在 django 中验证来自 mysql 的用户?

[英]How to authenticate User from mysql in django?

我想实现登录应用程序。 所有用户信息都在名为“admin_users”的表中。 我正在使用 xampp 的 mysql 服务器。

当我使用user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)在打印用户上进行身份验证时,我得到None

我是 django 的初学者,我找不到问题所在。 如果我正在执行AdminUsers.objects.all()我可以打印所有表信息。

模型.py

class AdminUsers(models.Model):
    username=models.CharField(max_length=50)
    firstname=models.CharField(max_length=50)
    department=models.CharField(max_length=50)
    mail=models.CharField(max_length=50)
    id=models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    password=models.CharField(max_length=200)
    class Meta:
        db_table="admin_users"

查看.py

def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.POST['username']
        password = request.POST['password']
        user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
        print(user)
    return render(request,'AdminUsers/login.html')

我的 index.html 包含带有用户名和密码的简单 forms。

设置.py

"""
Django settings for python_test project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path
import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-j*uh&s1$j-'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'myapp'
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'python_test.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates'),
        os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'app_kanri/templates/app_kanri/')
        ],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'python_test.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'mydb',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '3306',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


STATIC_URL = '/static/'


DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'


您需要在设置中插入: AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'AppName.AdminUsers' (将 AppName 替换为包含 AdminUsers 的应用名称)。

您的自定义用户 model 应该从 AbstractUser 继承以与身份验证系统兼容(现在它不起作用):

class AdminUsers(AbstractUser):
    department=models.CharField(max_length=50)
    
    class Meta:
        db_table='admin_users'

现在 AdminUsers 会继承 AbstractUser 的字段(用户名,email,密码,is_staff,...),详细阅读这个。 如果您已经完成迁移,则需要删除默认用户 model 的迁移。

另请注意,您应该将 model 命名为“AdminUser”而不是“AdminUsers”。

不确定 AdminUsers model 的目标是什么。默认的 django 用户 model 具有诸如 is_staff 和 is_superuser 之类的标志,您可以使用这些标志来区分用户及其在应用程序上可以访问的权限。 此处查看用户 model 的文档

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