如何使用python将多个文件夹中的多个文件复制到一个文件夹中？

Question

我有一个如图所示的文件结构。 我总共有 9 个文件夹，每个文件夹包含 130 个视频文件。 我想将所有 9 个文件夹的第一个视频文件移动到一个新文件夹“文件夹 01”中，依此类推。 由于所有文件夹的第一个视频文件将具有相同的名称，我该如何解决这个问题？ 我需要一些见解来解决这个问题？

Answer 1

以下代码将执行任务。 我假设目标路径的基本文件夹与当前路径相同。

#!/usr/bin/env python3 
import os
import shutil

base_folder = os.getcwd()

# Create 130 destination folders (folder_001, ..., folder_130)
dest_folder_prefix = "folder_"
dest_path = base_folder # An assumption
dest_paths = {}
for n in range(1, 131):
    folder_number = str(n).zfill(3)
    dest_folder = os.path.join(dest_path, f'{dest_folder_prefix}{folder_number}')
    if not os.path.isdir(dest_folder):
        os.mkdir(dest_folder)
    # Store paths for quick lookup later
    dest_paths[n] = dest_folder

# Iterate through the existing folders
src_folders = sorted([f for f in os.listdir(base_folder) if os.path.isdir(f)])

for n, folder_name in enumerate(src_folders, 1):
    folder_number = str(n).zfill(2) # Used to rename destination file
    folder_path = os.path.join(base_folder, folder_name)
    # Process the list of files
    files = [f for f in os.listdir(folder_path) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(folder_path, f))]
    for file_name in files:
        name, ext = os.path.splitext(file_name) # e.g. '1', '.avi' for file '1.avi'
        file_number = int(name) # file name is a number
        # Set the source
        src_path = os.path.join(folder_path, file_name)
        # Set the destination filename and path
        dest_filename = f'{name}_{folder_number}{ext}' # Destination file name e.g. '1_01.avi' 
        dest_filepath = os.path.join(dest_paths[file_number], dest_filename)
        # Perform the move operation
        shutil.move(src_path, dest_filepath)

Answer 2

Python 有一个很棒的函数，叫做os.walk() ，它可以为你做很多事情。

你可以做

for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
    for file in files:
        print(file)

这将打印目录和子目录中的所有文件，然后使用它您可以实施检查并使用os.rename地重命名文件。

Answer 3

你可以使用shutil

import shutil

original = r'C:\Users\Ron\Desktop\Test_1\products.csv'
target = r'C:\Users\Ron\Desktop\Test_2\products.csv'

shutil.copyfile(original, target)

我可以给你一个提示！ 不要犹豫，要求澄清

    def locate_path_by_substring(directory, substring, list_paths):
    for r, d, f in os.walk(directory):
        for myfile in f:
            if (substring+".log") in myfile:
                list_paths.append(os.path.join(r, myfile))
                return list_paths

`

def copy_file(original,target):
    shutil.copyfile(original, target)


def create_direct(path):
    try:
        os.mkdir(path)
    except OSError:
        print ("Creation of the directory %s failed" % path)


def main():
    for i in range (1,131):    
        locate_path_by_substring(directory, i, list_file_{}.format(i))
        create_direct(directory+"/folder_{}".format(i))
    for i in range (1,131):
        for j in range (0,9):
            copy_file(list_file_{i}[j],directory+"/folder_{}".format(i)/)`