如何在 Django Rest Framework 中为作为另一个模型上的外键的模型添加附加字段

Question

我想在 Django rest 框架中列出某个部门的所有教师，但不确定如何这样做。 我相信这可以通过向 Department 序列化程序添加一个字段来完成，但我不确定。 有没有一种简单的方法可以做到这一点。

模型.py

   class Department(models.Model):
       name = models.CharField(max_length=300)
    
        def __str__(self):
            return self.name
    
    
    class Teacher(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=300)
        department = models.ForeignKey(Department, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
        tenure = models.BooleanField()

序列化程序.py

class DepartmentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    #What I believe the serializer field would look like to list teachers connected 
    #with a department
    teacher = serializers.DjangoModelField(
        Teacher.objects.filter(department=self.department))

    class Meta:
        model = Department
        fields = ['url', 'name', 'teacher']

网址.py

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'teachers', TeacherViewSet)
router.register(r'departments', DepartmentViewSet)
router.register(r'users', UserViewSet)

urlpatterns = [
    path('api/', include(router.urls)),
]

视图.py

class TeacherViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Teacher.objects.all()
    serializer_class = TeacherSerializer
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly]


class DepartmentViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Department.objects.all()
    serializer_class = DepartmentSerializer
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly]

Answer 1

您可以使用mydepartment.teacher_set.all()访问与department链接的Teacher s，我们可以在序列化程序中使用它，例如：

class TeacherSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Teacher
        fields = ['name', 'tenure']

class DepartmentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    teacher_set = serializers.TeacherSerializer(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Department
        fields = ['url', 'name', 'teacher_set']