尝试发出 POST 请求时出现禁止（CSRF 令牌丢失。）错误。 使用 React (Axios) 和 Django

Question

一段时间以来，我一直在尝试以各种方式解决此问题，但是我在这里看到的每个答案都对我不起作用。 我在 localhost:3000 上运行 React（和 Redux），在 localhost:8000 上运行 Django。 我对此还是很陌生，但我看到有人说在 header 中包含 csrf 令牌的帖子，其中 axios 帖子发生了，但这对我不起作用。 我也试过摆弄settings.py，但都没有奏效。 这是我在研究之前所拥有的，只是希望获得一个基础。 谢谢！

这是我的 /actions/auth.js

import axios from 'axios';

import {
    LOGIN_SUCCESS,
    LOGIN_FAIL,
    USER_LOADED_SUCCESS,
    USER_LOADED_FAIL,
} from './types';

// login function
export const login = (email, password) => async (dispatch) => {
    const config = {
        headers: {
            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        },
    };
    const body = JSON.stringify({ email, password });
    try {
        const response = await axios.post(
            `${process.env.REACT_APP_API_URL}/auth/jwt/create/`,
            body,
            config
        );
        dispatch({
            type: LOGIN_SUCCESS,
            payload: response.data,
        });
        dispatch(load_user());
    } catch (err) {
        dispatch({
            type: LOGIN_FAIL,
        });
    }
};

设置.py

"""

from pathlib import Path
import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'api',
    'rest_framework',
    'djoser',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'total_weather_backend.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'build')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'total_weather_backend.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'total_weather_backend',
        # REMOVE - Not sure if needed (3, 612)
        # 'USER': 'postgres',
        # 'PASSWORD': '',
        # 'HOST': 'localhost',
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'build/static'),
)

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated'
    ],
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
    ),
}

SIMPLE_JWT = {
    'AUTH_HEADER_TYPES': ('JWT',),
}

DJOSER = {
    'LOGIN_FIELD': 'email',
    'USER_CREATE_PASSWORD_RETYPE': True,
    'USERNAME_CHANGED_EMAIL_CONFIRMATION': True,
    'PASSWORD_CHANGED_EMAIL_CONFIRMATION': True,
    'SEND_CONFIRMATION_EMAIL': True,
    'SET_PASSWORD_RETYPE': True,
    'PASSWORD_RESET_CONFIRM_URL': 'password/reset/confirm/{uid}/{token}',
    'ACTIVATION_URL': 'activate/{uid}/{token}',
    'SEND_ACTIVATION_EMAIL': True,
    'SERIALIZERS': {
        'user_create': 'djoser.serializers.UserCreateSerializer',
        'user': 'djoser.serializers.UserSerializer',
        'user_delete': 'djoser.serializers.UserDeleteSerializer',
    }
}

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'api.User'

/views/users.py

from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status, generics
from rest_framework.authtoken.models import Token
from ..serializers import UserCreateSerializer
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout

class SignUp(generics.CreateAPIView):
    # Override the authentication/permissions classes so this endpoint
    # is not authenticated & we don't need any permissions to access it.
    authentication_classes = ()
    permission_classes = ()

    def post(self, request):
        # Create the user using the UserSerializer
        created_user = UserCreateSerializer(data=request.data['user'])
        # Check user is valid
        if created_user.is_valid():
            # Save the user and send back a response!
            created_user.save()
            return Response({'user': created_user.data}, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        else:
            return Response(created_user.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class SignIn(generics.CreateAPIView):
    # Override the authentication/permissions classes so this endpoint
    # is not authenticated & we don't need any permissions to access it.
    authentication_classes = ()
    permission_classes = ()

    def post(self, request):
        data = request.data['user']
        # use django authenticate to verify password and email match
        user = authenticate(
            request, email=data['email'], password=data['password'])
        # Is our user is successfully authenticated...
        if user is not None:
            login(request, user)
            # use django generate a token and save it to user
            Token.objects.filter(user=user).delete()
            token = Token.objects.create(user=user)
            user.token = token.key
            user.save()
            # return the user with their id, email and token
            return Response({
                'user': {
                    'id': user.id,
                    'email': user.email,
                    'token': token.key
                }
            })
        else:
            return Response({'msg': 'The username and/or password is incorrect.'}, status=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY)

class SignOut(generics.DestroyAPIView):
    def delete(self, request):
        user = request.user
        # Remove this token from the user
        Token.objects.filter(user=user).delete()
        user.token = None
        user.save()
        # Logout will remove all session data
        logout(request)
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

class ChangePassword(generics.UpdateAPIView):
    def patch(self, request):
        user = request.user
        old_pw = request.data['passwords']['old']
        new_pw = request.data['passwords']['new']
        # This is included with the Django base user model
        # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/contrib/auth/#django.contrib.auth.models.User.check_password
        if not user.check_password(old_pw):
            return Response({'msg': 'Wrong password'}, status=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY)

        # set_password will also hash the password
        # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/contrib/auth/#django.contrib.auth.models.User.set_password
        user.set_password(new_pw)
        user.save()
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

网址.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include, re_path
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('auth/', include('djoser.urls')),
    path('auth/', include('djoser.urls.jwt')),
    path('', include('api.urls')),
]+ static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root = settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

urlpatterns += [re_path(r'^.*', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='index.html'))]

这是终端中的错误

Forbidden (CSRF token missing.): /'http://localhost:8000;/auth/jwt/create/
[19/Dec/2021 21:56:05] "POST /'http://localhost:8000;/auth/jwt/create/ HTTP/1.1" 403 2506

Answer 1

在 javascript 中，您必须首先阅读 csrf cookie：

function getCookie(name) {
    let cookieValue = null;
    if (document.cookie && document.cookie !== '') {
        const cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
        for (let i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
            const cookie = cookies[i].trim();
            // Does this cookie string begin with the name we want?
            if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) === (name + '=')) {
                cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1));
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return cookieValue;
}
const csrftoken = getCookie('csrftoken');

然后你应该像这样设置X-CSRFToken header ：

const config = {
    headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        'X-CSRFToken': csrftoken,
    },
};

这一切都在文档中得到了很好的描述： https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/csrf/moddle