安装kafka时如何解决`转换过程中的一般错误：不支持class文件主要版本61`

Question

我正在尝试按照kafka官方网站的安装页面安装kafka，但遇到了这个错误：

❯ cd kafka-3.0.0-src
❯ bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties
Classpath is empty. Please build the project first e.g. by running './gradlew jar -PscalaVersion=2.13.6'
❯ ./gradlew jar -PscalaVersion=2.13.6

Downloading https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.1.1-all.zip
..............10%...............20%...............30%...............40%..............50%...............60%...............70%...............80%..............90%...............100%

Welcome to Gradle 7.1.1!

Here are the highlights of this release:
 - Faster incremental Java compilation
 - Easier source set configuration in the Kotlin DSL

For more details see https://docs.gradle.org/7.1.1/release-notes.html

Starting a Gradle Daemon (subsequent builds will be faster)

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* Where:
Settings file '/Users/user/Downloads/kafka-3.0.0-src/settings.gradle'

* What went wrong:
Could not compile settings file '/Users/user/Downloads/kafka-3.0.0-src/settings.gradle'.
> startup failed:
  General error during conversion: Unsupported class file major version 61

  java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 61
        at groovyjarjarasm.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:189)
        at groovyjarjarasm.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:170)
        at groovyjarjarasm.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:156)
        at groovyjarjarasm.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:277)
        at org.codehaus.groovy.ast.decompiled.AsmDecompiler.parseClass(AsmDecompiler.java:81)
        at org.codehaus.groovy.control.ClassNodeResolver.findDecompiled(ClassNodeResolver.java:251)
        at org.codehaus.groovy.control.ClassNodeResolver.tryAsLoaderClassOrScript(ClassNodeResolver.java:189)
       
 ...

  1 error


* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 31s

我怀疑这是因为我的 gradle 版本，但我不知道如何解决它。

我正在使用 java 17 运行时：

❯ pwd
/Users/user
❯ java -version
openjdk version "17.0.1" 2021-10-19
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.1+12-39)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.1+12-39, mixed mode, sharing)

操作系统是 MacOS 11.6.2

Answer 1

您不需要 Gradle 来安装或运行 Kafka。

您链接到的页面说下载已发布的压缩包，而不是源。 您还可以在 Mac 上brew install kafka （和 Zookeeper），并使用brew services start来运行两者。

或者你可以使用 Docker