使用“npm i truffle -g”安装松露时出错

Question

在我的桌面上安装 Truffle 时，出现匿名错误...

首先它显示了与 python 相关的错误，这很奇怪，但是我现在安装了 python 这个错误

    npm ERR! code 1
    npm ERR! path C:\Users\Tanuj Sharma\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\truffle\node_modules\ganache\node_modules\leveldown
    npm ERR! command failed
    npm ERR! command C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe /d /s /c node-gyp rebuild
    npm ERR! gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
    npm ERR! gyp info using node-gyp@8.3.0
    npm ERR! gyp info using node@16.13.2 | win32 | x64
    npm ERR! gyp info find Python using Python version 3.10.2 found at "C:\Python310\python.exe"
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS msvs_version not set from command line or npm config
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS VCINSTALLDIR not set, not running in VS Command Prompt
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS checking VS2019 (16.11.31829.152) found at:
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools"
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS - found "Visual Studio C++ core features"
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS - found VC++ toolset: v142
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS - missing any Windows SDK
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS could not find a version of Visual Studio 2017 or newer to use
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS looking for Visual Studio 2015
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS - not found
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS not looking for VS2013 as it is only supported up to Node.js 8
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS **************************************************************
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS You need to install the latest version of Visual Studio
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS including the "Desktop development with C++" workload.
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS For more information consult the documentation at:
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp#on-windows
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS **************************************************************
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! find VS
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! configure error
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack Error: Could not find any Visual Studio installation to use
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at VisualStudioFinder.fail (C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:121:47)
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:74:16
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at VisualStudioFinder.findVisualStudio2013 (C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:351:14)
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:70:14
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:372:16
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\util.js:54:7
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\util.js:33:16
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.exithandler (node:child_process:404:5)
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (node:events:390:28)
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at maybeClose (node:internal/child_process:1064:16)
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 10.0.22000
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! command "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node_modules\\npm\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "rebuild"
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! cwd C:\Users\Tanuj Sharma\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\truffle\node_modules\ganache\node_modules\leveldown
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! node -v v16.13.2
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v8.3.0
    npm ERR! gyp ERR! not ok
    
    npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
    npm ERR!     C:\Users\Tanuj Sharma\AppData\Local\npm-cache\_logs\2022-01-23T11_22_31_900Z-debug.log

我的 vscode 已经是最新版本了

npm：'8.1.2'，节点：'16.13.2'，v8：'9.4.146.24-node.14'，

Answer 1

您必须安装 Visual Studio Community 2022 以及 Visual Studio Code。 并且在安装 Visual Studio Community 时，您必须使用 C++ 和一些可选包安装桌面开发。

Answer 2

我找到了一个适合我的解决方案：

node-gyp 文档 state 说“node-gyp 要求您安装兼容版本的 Python，其中之一是：v3.6、v3.7、v3.8 或 v3.9。”，我有 3.10.2 ，正如我注意到你所做的那样。

• 运行npm install --global windows-build-tools 。 由于这安装了一些 2.7 Python 版本，我将其卸载以进行下一步。
• 安装 Python 3.9 ( https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3910/ )
• 安装节点gyp： npm install -g node-gyp
• 清除 npm 缓存： npm cache clear --force
• 最后打到npm i -g truffle

顺便说一句，我正在运行 Windows 10，节点为 16.14.0 和 npm 8.3.1

Answer 3

我在使用此代码时遇到了同样的问题： npm install -g truffle@5.4.29