wsgi: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django' 错误

Question

我正在尝试在我的 Ubuntu 服务器上托管我的 Django 应用程序，当尝试访问我的网站时，我从 Apache 日志中收到此错误：

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'

我正在为我的 Django 应用程序使用 venv 和 python 3.8 版（我还在我的 venv 中编译并安装了 mod_wsgi）。 运行 pip freeze 我看到我的 venv 中确实安装了 Django：

APScheduler==3.8.1
asgiref==3.5.0
backports.zoneinfo==0.2.1
certifi==2021.10.8
charset-normalizer==2.0.10
colorama==0.4.4
commonmark==0.9.1
deepdiff==5.7.0
Django==4.0.1
django-cors-headers==3.11.0
djangorestframework==3.13.1
idna==3.3
lxml==4.7.1
mod-wsgi==4.9.1.dev1
ordered-set==4.0.2
prettytable==3.0.0
psycopg2-binary==2.9.3
Pygments==2.11.2
pytz==2021.3
pytz-deprecation-shim==0.1.0.post0
requests==2.27.1
rich==11.1.0
six==1.16.0
soupsieve==2.3.1
sqlparse==0.4.2
tzdata==2021.5
tzlocal==4.1
urllib3==1.26.8
wcwidth==0.2.5
whitenoise==5.3.0

为了以防万一它可以解决它，我在全球范围内安装了 Django 但仍然在 Apache 中出现错误。 我一直在尝试遵循一些常见的解决方案，但似乎无法让它发挥作用。 我有什么遗漏或任何可能关闭的设置吗？

我确实注意到我的 Apache 说它配置了 3.6，这可能是原因吗？ 有没有办法让它使用我的python3默认的3.8？

我的 Django 项目（后端/核心/wsgi.py）的 wsgi ：

import os, sys
sys.path.append('/home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend/')

sys.path.append('/home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend/core/')
sys.path.append('/home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages')


from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'core.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()

我在 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf 中的虚拟主机设置：

WSGIPythonHome /home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/venv
WSGIPythonPath /home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend
<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerAlias www.d8pricecheck.tk

  WSGIProcessGroup backend

  Alias /static/ /home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend/static/

  <Directory /home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend/static>
    Require all granted
  </Directory>

  WSGIScriptAlias / /home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend/core/wsgi.py
  
  <Directory /home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend/core>
    <Files wsgi.py>
      Require all granted
    </Files>
  </Directory>
 WSGIDaemonProcess backend python-path=/home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/backend/core python-home=/home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/venv
 WSGIProcessGroup backend
</VirtualHost>

重新启动和访问网站的完整 Apache 错误日志：

   [Tue Feb 01 16:24:09.488925 2022] [mpm_prefork:notice] [pid 30163] AH00169: caught SIGTERM, shutting down
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:09.618015 2022] [ssl:warn] [pid 30456] AH01916: Init: (brickmaneserver.hsd1.ga.comcast.net:443) You configured HTTP(80) on the standard HTTPS(443) port!
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:09.696360 2022] [ssl:warn] [pid 30459] AH01916: Init: (brickmaneserver.hsd1.ga.comcast.net:443) You configured HTTP(80) on the standard HTTPS(443) port!
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:09.702058 2022] [mpm_prefork:notice] [pid 30459] AH00163: Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu) OpenSSL/1.1.1g mod_wsgi/4.5.17 Python/3.6 configured -- resuming normal operations
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:09.702100 2022] [core:notice] [pid 30459] AH00094: Command line: '/usr/sbin/apache2'
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:11.607243 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 27.147.213.242:33593] mod_wsgi (pid=30490): Target WSGI script '/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:11.607289 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 27.147.213.242:33593] mod_wsgi (pid=30490): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py'.
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:11.607468 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 27.147.213.242:33593] Traceback (most recent call last):
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:11.607495 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 27.147.213.242:33593]   File "/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py", line 21, in <module>
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:11.607502 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 27.147.213.242:33593]     from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:11.607520 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 27.147.213.242:33593] ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.525726 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 108.162.238.29:17852] mod_wsgi (pid=30490): Target WSGI script '/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.525891 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 108.162.238.29:17852] mod_wsgi (pid=30490): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py'.
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.526144 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 108.162.238.29:17852] Traceback (most recent call last):
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.526242 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 108.162.238.29:17852]   File "/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py", line 21, in <module>
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.526266 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 108.162.238.29:17852]     from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.526327 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 108.162.238.29:17852] ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.810004 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 162.158.187.159:17484] mod_wsgi (pid=30490): Target WSGI script '/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.810169 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 162.158.187.159:17484] mod_wsgi (pid=30490): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py'.
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.810397 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 162.158.187.159:17484] Traceback (most recent call last):
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.810484 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 162.158.187.159:17484]   File "/home/brickmane/djangoapp/myserver/backend/core/wsgi.py", line 21, in <module>
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.810506 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 162.158.187.159:17484]     from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
    [Tue Feb 01 16:24:14.810566 2022] [wsgi:error] [pid 30490] [remote 162.158.187.159:17484] ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'

Answer 1

您必须在 venv Python 版本中安装至少 3.8，因为 3.7 及更低版本与 Django 4.0+ 不兼容。 您应该完全删除 venv 并使用已安装的 Python 和更新（最新的是 3.10.2）版本重新初始化。

如果 Ubuntu 至少有 3.8，那么应该没问题。 如果没有，请尝试安装/升级它。 在这里你有一些提示： https://cloudbytes.dev/snippets/upgrade-python-to-latest-version-on-ubuntu-linux

Answer 2

这个问题有点老了，但如果有人仍然面临这个问题。 我通过将python-path设置为我的 python 的 site-packages解决了这个问题。 也适用于您的上述情况

WSGIDaemonProcess backend python-path=/home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/venv/lib/python
3.8/site-packages python-home=/home/brickmane/djangoapp/pricewatcher/venv

这解决了我的问题

Answer 3

对我来说，我确定 Apache2 mod_wsgi 是针对 python 3.9 编译的，而我的 django 实例使用的是 Z23EEEB41047BDD25DZB63

ldd /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_wsgi.so
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffe32535000)
libpython3.9.so.1.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.9.so.1.0 (0x00007f9c59b77000)
. . .

确保我的系统 Python 也设置为 3.9 修复了这个错误。