本地主机：发生服务器错误。 请联系管理员

Question

我正在学习在https://www.dj4e.com/的帮助下使用 Django 运行本地主机。 我目前正在尝试使用以下命令运行本地服务器：

python manage.py runserver

当我运行它时，终端中给出的 output 如下：

Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 26, 2022 - 15:21:09
Django version 3.2.5, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.

我点击进入127.0.0.1:8000，但是服务器输出标题中的错误， A server error occurred。 请联系管理员。 我的终端也输出以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:13:30] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:13:30] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 500 59
C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\Django\mysite\mysite\settings.py changed, reloading.
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 26, 2022 - 15:13:55
Django version 3.2.5, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:14:00] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:14:00] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\django\mysite\manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\django\mysite\manage.py", line 18, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 363, in execute
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 82, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 69, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 170, in __init__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\django\mysite\mysite\settings.py", line 26, in <module>
    DEBUG = FALSE
NameError: name 'FALSE' is not defined. Did you mean: 'False'?
PS C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\django\mysite> python manage.py runserverpython manage.py runserver
Unknown command: 'runserverpython'. Did you mean runserver?
Type 'manage.py help' for usage.
PS C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\django\mysite> python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 26, 2022 - 15:14:24
Django version 3.2.5, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:14:29] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:14:29] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 500 59
C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\Django\mysite\mysite\settings.py changed, reloading.
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 26, 2022 - 15:15:47
Django version 3.2.5, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:15:49] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:15:50] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 500 59
C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\Django\mysite\mysite\settings.py changed, reloading.
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 26, 2022 - 15:16:04
Django version 3.2.5, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
[26/Feb/2022 15:16:07] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:16:07] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 500 59
PS C:\Users\afrid\Desktop\Coding Projects\django\mysite> python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 26, 2022 - 15:21:09
Django version 3.2.5, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:22:49] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 137, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given
[26/Feb/2022 15:22:49] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 500 59

我不完全确定问题出在哪里，我已经运行了所有迁移并且应该已经设置了管理员用户。

任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

请查看 wsgi.py 文件...错误消息看起来像是您不小心修改了 get_wsgi_application 行：

在 wsgi.py 中：

# correct:
application = get_wsgi_application()

# in your case most certainly wrong:
application = get_wsgi_application

背后的一些解释：

1. 首先是 Python 的东西（非常肤浅）：

f = my_function       #  my_function is not called but stored in f
f = my_function()     #  my_function is called and the return value stored in f
      # note: if my_thing is an object instantiated from a class 
              ->  my_thing() will call the my_thing.__call()__ method

2. WSGI接口

错误消息显示调用“self.application(environ, start_response)”，这是对 Django 应用程序的 WSGI 标准相关调用。 这个调用应该 go 到一个可以处理它的对象/函数，但是它转到 get_wsgi_application() -> 类型错误。

  File "C:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
    return self.application(environ, start_response)
TypeError: get_wsgi_application() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given

这意味着在您的 django 应用程序中，“应用程序”在通过 WSGI 发出第一个请求之前没有以正确的方式设置。

WSGI 标准需要一个 object 的“应用程序”，它可以通过参数调用，以便将 http 请求路由到 Django 应用程序：

application(environ, start_response)

这是由 wsgi.py 中的代码提供的：

application = get_wsgi_application()

它在“应用程序”中实例化并存储一个 WSGIHandler Object。 如果之后您调用“应用程序”，则与调用相同

instance_of_WSGIHandler.__call__(... ) 

如果您查看 django 源代码，您会发现 WSGIHandler 类

# file django.core.handlers.wsgi:
class WSGIHandler(base.BaseHandler):
    request_class = WSGIRequest

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.load_middleware()

    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
         
        #  handle the http request from wsgi interface