网页抓取后将文本写入 csv

Question

我正在通过 python 中的抓取来提取房地产数据。 我希望这些数据在 CSV 文件中。
当我将数据写入 CSV 时，如果第一个抓取的项目没有我需要的值，它只会跳过所有行（但其他项目具有该值），它是空的并且不创建任何行，即使是空值也不行。

我的网页抓取代码块：

from selenium import webdriver
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
import csv
import time


PATH = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(PATH)
data = []


def get_dl(soup):
    d_list = {}

    for dl in soup.findAll("dl", {"class": "obj-details"}):
        for el in dl.find_all(["dt", "dd"]):
            if el.name == 'dt':
                key = el.get_text(strip=True)
            elif key in ['Plotas:', 'Buto numeris:', 'Metai:', 'Namo numeris:', 'Kambarių sk.:', 'Aukštas:', 'Aukštų sk.:', 'Pastato tipas:', 'Šildymas:', 'Įrengimas:', 'Pastato energijos suvartojimo klasė:', 'Ypatybės:', 'Papildomos patalpos:', 'Papildoma įranga:', 'Apsauga:']:
                d_list[key] = ' '.join(el.text.strip().replace("\n", ", ").split('NAUDINGA')[0].split('m²')[0].split())
    return d_list

for puslapis in range(1, 2):
    driver.get(f'https://www.aruodas.lt/butai/kaune/puslapis/{puslapis}')
    response = driver.page_source
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response, 'html.parser')
    blocks = soup.find_all('tr', class_='list-row')
    stored_urls = []

    for url in blocks:
        try:
            stored_urls.append(url.a['href'])
        except:
            pass

    for link in stored_urls:
        driver.get(link)
        response = driver.page_source
        soup = BeautifulSoup(response, 'html.parser')
        h1 = soup.find('h1', 'obj-header-text')
        price = soup.find('div', class_ = 'price-left')

        try:
            address1 = h1.get_text(strip=True)
            address2 = re.findall(r'(.*),[^,]*$', address1)
            address = ''.join(address2)
            city, district, street = address.split(',')
        except:
            city, district, street = 'NaN'

        try:
            full_price = price.find('span', class_ = 'price-eur').text.strip()
            full_price1 = full_price.replace('€', '').replace(' ','').strip()
        except:
            full_price1 = 'NaN'

        try:
            price_sq_m = price.find('span', class_ = 'price-per').text.strip()
            price_sq_m1 = price_sq_m.replace('€/m²)', '').replace('(domina keitimas)', '').replace('(', '').replace(' ','').strip()
        except:
            price_sq_m1 = 'NaN'

        try:
            price_change = price.find('div', class_ = 'price-change').text.strip()
            price_change1 = price_change.replace('%', '').strip()
        except:
            price_change1 = 'NaN'

        data.append({'city': city, 'district': district, 'street': street, 'full_price': full_price1, 'price_sq_m': price_sq_m1, 'price_change': price_change1, **get_dl(soup)})

例如在键列表中有值：

['Ypatybės:']:

但是在页面中，我正在刮第一个平面的地方没有那个价值，而且根本没有创建行，这不是我需要的。

用于写入 csv 的代码块：

with open('output_kaunas.csv', 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as f_output:
    csv_output = csv.DictWriter(f_output, fieldnames=data[0].keys(), extrasaction='ignore')
    csv_output.writeheader()
    csv_output.writerows(data)

所以，我的问题是，如何创建具有我需要的功能的行，即使该功能在第一个抓取的项目中也不存在。

Answer 1

要将数据存储在 csv 文件中，您可以使用 pandas Dataframe

df = pd.DataFrame(data).to_csv('output_kaunas.csv',index=False)

根据您的完整代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
import pandas as pd
import time


PATH = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(PATH)
data = []


def get_dl(soup):
    d_list = {}

    for dl in soup.findAll("dl", {"class": "obj-details"}):
        for el in dl.find_all(["dt", "dd"]):
            if el.name == 'dt':
                key = el.get_text(strip=True)
            elif key in ['Plotas:', 'Buto numeris:', 'Metai:', 'Namo numeris:', 'Kambarių sk.:', 'Aukštas:', 'Aukštų sk.:', 'Pastato tipas:', 'Šildymas:', 'Įrengimas:', 'Pastato energijos suvartojimo klasė:', 'Ypatybės:', 'Papildomos patalpos:', 'Papildoma įranga:', 'Apsauga:']:
                d_list[key] = ' '.join(el.text.strip().replace("\n", ", ").split('NAUDINGA')[0].split('m²')[0].split())
    return d_list

for puslapis in range(1, 2):
    driver.get(f'https://www.aruodas.lt/butai/kaune/puslapis/{puslapis}')
    response = driver.page_source
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response, 'html.parser')
    blocks = soup.find_all('tr', class_='list-row')
    stored_urls = []

    for url in blocks:
        try:
            stored_urls.append(url.a['href'])
        except:
            pass

    for link in stored_urls:
        driver.get(link)
        response = driver.page_source
        soup = BeautifulSoup(response, 'html.parser')
        h1 = soup.find('h1', 'obj-header-text')
        price = soup.find('div', class_ = 'price-left')

        try:
            address1 = h1.get_text(strip=True)
            address2 = re.findall(r'(.*),[^,]*$', address1)
            address = ''.join(address2)
            city, district, street = address.split(',')
        except:
            city, district, street = 'NaN'

        try:
            full_price = price.find('span', class_ = 'price-eur').text.strip()
            full_price1 = full_price.replace('€', '').replace(' ','').strip()
        except:
            full_price1 = 'NaN'

        try:
            price_sq_m = price.find('span', class_ = 'price-per').text.strip()
            price_sq_m1 = price_sq_m.replace('€/m²)', '').replace('(domina keitimas)', '').replace('(', '').replace(' ','').strip()
        except:
            price_sq_m1 = 'NaN'

        try:
            price_change = price.find('div', class_ = 'price-change').text.strip()
            price_change1 = price_change.replace('%', '').strip()
        except:
            price_change1 = 'NaN'

        data.append({'city': city, 'district': district, 'street': street, 'full_price': full_price1, 'price_sq_m': price_sq_m1, 'price_change': price_change1, **get_dl(soup)})


df = pd.DataFrame(data).to_csv('output_kaunas.csv',index=False)