在 WSL 上安装和运行 Airflow

Question

我按照本文中的过程在 WSL（Windows 10）下的 Ubuntu 中安装了 Airflow。

但是在运行airflow db init时，出现以下错误：

AttributeError: module 'wtforms.fields' has no attribute 'TextField'

完整的跟踪：

(airflow_env) sultani@Khalid:~/c/users/administrator/airflowhome$ airflow db init
DB: sqlite:///c/users/administrator/airflowhome/airflow.db
[2022-06-09 00:41:54,760] {db.py:1448} INFO - Creating tables
INFO  [alembic.runtime.migration] Context impl SQLiteImpl.
INFO  [alembic.runtime.migration] Will assume non-transactional DDL.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/sultani/.local/bin/airflow", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/__main__.py", line 38, in main
    args.func(args)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/cli/cli_parser.py", line 51, in command
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/cli/commands/db_command.py", line 35, in initdb
    db.initdb()
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/utils/session.py", line 71, in wrapper
    return func(*args, session=session, **kwargs)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/utils/db.py", line 648, in initdb
    upgradedb(session=session)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/utils/session.py", line 68, in wrapper
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/utils/db.py", line 1449, in upgradedb
    command.upgrade(config, revision=to_revision or 'heads')
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/command.py", line 322, in upgrade
    script.run_env()
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/base.py", line 569, in run_env
    util.load_python_file(self.dir, "env.py")
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/util/pyfiles.py", line 94, in load_python_file
    module = load_module_py(module_id, path)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/util/pyfiles.py", line 110, in load_module_py
    spec.loader.exec_module(module)  # type: ignore
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 848, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/migrations/env.py", line 107, in <module>
    run_migrations_online()
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/migrations/env.py", line 101, in run_migrations_online
    context.run_migrations()
  File "<string>", line 8, in run_migrations
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/runtime/environment.py", line 853, in run_migrations
    self.get_context().run_migrations(**kw)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/runtime/migration.py", line 611, in run_migrations
    for step in self._migrations_fn(heads, self):
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/command.py", line 311, in upgrade
    return script._upgrade_revs(revision, rev)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/base.py", line 443, in _upgrade_revs
    for script in reversed(list(revs))
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/revision.py", line 799, in iterate_revisions
    revisions, heads = fn(
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/revision.py", line 1426, in _collect_upgrade_revisions
    for rev in self._parse_upgrade_target(
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/revision.py", line 1218, in _parse_upgrade_target
    return self.get_revisions(target)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/revision.py", line 529, in get_revisions
    resolved_id, branch_label = self._resolve_revision_number(
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/revision.py", line 753, in _resolve_revision_number
    self._revision_map
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 1095, in __get__
    obj.__dict__[self.__name__] = result = self.fget(obj)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/revision.py", line 191, in _revision_map
    for revision in self._generator():
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/base.py", line 140, in _load_revisions
    script = Script._from_filename(self, vers, file_)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/script/base.py", line 1013, in _from_filename
    module = util.load_python_file(dir_, filename)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/util/pyfiles.py", line 94, in load_python_file
    module = load_module_py(module_id, path)
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/alembic/util/pyfiles.py", line 110, in load_module_py
    spec.loader.exec_module(module)  # type: ignore
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 848, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/migrations/versions/0073_2_0_0_prefix_dag_permissions.py", line 27, in <module>
    from flask_appbuilder import SQLA
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask_appbuilder/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from .base import AppBuilder  # noqa: F401
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask_appbuilder/base.py", line 8, in <module>
    from .api.manager import OpenApiManager
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask_appbuilder/api/manager.py", line 8, in <module>
    from flask_appbuilder.baseviews import BaseView
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask_appbuilder/baseviews.py", line 21, in <module>
    from .forms import GeneralModelConverter
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask_appbuilder/forms.py", line 25, in <module>
    from .models.mongoengine.fields import MongoFileField, MongoImageField
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask_appbuilder/models/mongoengine/fields.py", line 4, in <module>
    from ...upload import BS3FileUploadFieldWidget, BS3ImageUploadFieldWidget
  File "/home/sultani/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask_appbuilder/upload.py", line 106, in <module>
    class FileUploadField(fields.TextField):
AttributeError: module 'wtforms.fields' has no attribute 'TextField'

Answer 1

不幸的是，您链接的博客文章存在很多问题：

• 它至少有两个错误。 首先， AIRFLOW_HOME变量前面缺少/ 。 此外，该博客建议将您的/mnt/c更改为简单的/c ，然后继续使用AIRFLOW_HOME中的/mnt/c ，这是行不通的。

• 坏建议——一般来说，您不应该将 Windows 驱动器（例如/mnt/c ）用于 WSL2 项目。 有性能问题和权限问题需要处理。

• 不必要的步骤 - 即使您使用将 Airflow 安装到 Windows 驱动器的错误建议，也绝对没有理由将 WSL 自动挂载目录更改为/ 。 我建议编辑您的 WSL 配置文件以更改此设置，除非您出于其他原因需要它。 从/etc/wsl.conf中删除root = /行。

• 不必要的软件包和存储库——没有理由添加 Universe，因为它已经存在（并且一直存在）在 WSL Ubuntu 中。 也没有理由安装software-properties-common或python-setuptools —— 它们不是必需的。

• 最糟糕的是，它只是过时和/或与官方文档冲突。 这是您安装的最大问题——在实际安装过程中您会看到一个错误，即存在不兼容的软件包版本。

因此，让我推荐以下组合：

• Python 最佳实践——该博客在某种程度上确实做到了这一点，使用虚拟环境来避免污染通用 Python 系统包。
• WSL2 最佳实践——你真的可以按照上面链接的官方文档进行操作。 博客文章只是一个糟糕的方法。
• 官方文档。

如果您没有将它用于其他任何事情，您可能只想删除您的 Ubuntu WSL2 安装并重新开始。 我从一个干净的 Ubuntu 20.04 WSL2 安装开始来演示这一点：

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install python3-pip python3-venv
mkdir -p ~/airflow/airflowhome
python3 -m venv ~/airflow/airflowenv
source ~/airflow/airflowenv/bin/activate
# Your prompt will change to "airflowenv"
pip3 install wheel # Not found in venv by default, but recommended for packages

在这一点上，我们直接从Apache Airflow 文档开始工作，除了轻微的目录更改之外没有任何实质性的变化：

export AIRFLOW_HOME=~/airflow/airflowhome
AIRFLOW_VERSION=2.3.2
PYTHON_VERSION="$(python --version | cut -d " " -f 2 | cut -d "." -f 1-2)"
CONSTRAINT_URL="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/apache/airflow/constraints-${AIRFLOW_VERSION}/constraints-${PYTHON_VERSION}.txt"
pip install "apache-airflow==${AIRFLOW_VERSION}" --constraint "${CONSTRAINT_URL}"

仔细观察输出。 您应该在那里看不到任何错误——之前使用博客说明的尝试显示了红色文本错误，提前表明了问题。

现在：

airflow standalone

这将启动服务器。 正如医生所说，密切注意屏幕上的最后几行。 它将列出您的管理员用户名和密码。 您可以使用它通过 Windows 网络浏览器在http://localhost:8080登录。

您仍然可以将export AIRFLOW_HOME语句添加到您的~/.bashrc中，但是由于您每次都需要激活 venv，可能最好只是这样做。 所以下次运行它，你会：

source ~/airflow/airflowenv/bin/activate
export AIRFLOW_HOME=~/airflow/airflowhome
airflow standalone

注意：无论何时执行source ~/airflow/airflowenv/bin/activate ，您都将处于 Python 虚拟环境中。 要在此时返回默认的 Python 系统环境，只需运行deactivate即可。

我自己不是 Airflow 用户，因此我无法为您提供更多帮助。 但这些是至少在 WSL2 Ubuntu 上对我有用的步骤，以使其启动并运行。

Answer 2

感谢您的回复，提供的博客中有几个问题，我设法在本地运行气流。

1. / 在 C 之前丢失，路径必须更改为 AIRFLOW_HOME=/c/users/YOURNAME/airflowhome 。
2. 我必须从https://pypi.org/project/apache-airflow/安装气流，其余步骤都很好。

因为我是气流新手，所以我现在需要在 pycharm 中修复一些其他问题，当我在 dag 文件夹中创建 dag 文件时，它会丢失依赖项。