如何在 SPARQLWrapper 中使用三引号 (""") 在 SPARQL 查询中插入变量（Jupyter notebook）

Question

关于在 Wrapper 库的 SPARQL 查询中插入变量的非常简单的问题。 下面的示例在 Jupyter 笔记本中，我在 SPARQL 查询之外定义了一个变量'q' ，并希望在 SPARQL 查询中使用它。 我找不到如何逃避三引号（ """ ）。快速帮助将不胜感激。非常感谢！

!pip install SPARQLWrapper
from SPARQLWrapper import SPARQLWrapper, JSON, XML

q = '<http://data.europeana.eu/item/08517/3395FCFC5812F76279634269BE601072BF09183B>'
query_content = """
select *
where {
?providerProxy ore:proxyFor 'q' ; ?p ?o 
}
"""

query = prefix + query_content
sparql.setQuery(query)
sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)
results = sparql.query().convert()
print(results)
print('------')
for result in results["results"]["bindings"]:
  p = result["p"]["value"]
  o = result["o"]["value"]
  print(p + " : " + o)

不知何故，以下方法（.format）不起作用。

query_content = """
select ?providerProxy
where {
?providerProxy ore:proxyFor {var}
}
LIMIT 100
""".format(var = '<http://data.europeana.eu/item/08517/3395FCFC5812F76279634269BE601072BF09183B>')

query = prefix + query_content
sparql.setQuery(query)
sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)

错误看起来像：

HTTPError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/SPARQLWrapper/Wrapper.py in _query(self)
    925             else:
--> 926                 response = urlopener(request)
    927             return response, self.returnFormat

HTTPError: HTTP Error 400: Bad Request
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

QueryBadFormed                            Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/SPARQLWrapper/Wrapper.py in _query(self)
    928         except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
    929             if e.code == 400:
--> 930                 raise QueryBadFormed(e.read())
    931             elif e.code == 404:
    932                 raise EndPointNotFound(e.read())

QueryBadFormed: QueryBadFormed: A bad request has been sent to the endpoint: probably the SPARQL query is badly formed. 
    results = sparql.query().convert()
    print(results)
    print('------')

同样， f""" {} """ 方法不起作用：

var = '<http://data.europeana.eu/item/08517/3395FCFC5812F76279634269BE601072BF09183B>'
query_content = f"""
select ?providerProxy
where {
?providerProxy ore:proxyFor {var}
LIMIT 100
"""

返回错误：

  File "<fstring>", line 2
    ?providerProxy ore)
    ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Answer 1

query_content = f""" select ?providerProxy where {{ ?providerProxy ore:proxyFor {var} }} """