Flutter Android 应用未运行将 compileSdkVersion 和 targetSdkVersion 设置为 SDK 31

Question

我正在尝试在新的 Android 设备上执行 Flutter 项目。

Flutter 版本为 1.22.4。

这里有 app/build.gradle 文件：

def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
    localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
        localProperties.load(reader)
    }
}

def flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.sdk')
if (flutterRoot == null) {
    throw new GradleException("Flutter SDK not found. Define location with flutter.sdk in the local.properties file.")
}

def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
    flutterVersionCode = '1'
}

def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
    flutterVersionName = '1.0'
}

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"

def keystoreProperties = new Properties()
def keystorePropertiesFile = rootProject.file('key.properties')
if (keystorePropertiesFile.exists()) {
    keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePropertiesFile))
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 31

    sourceSets {
        main.java.srcDirs += 'src/main/kotlin'
    }

    lintOptions {
        disable 'InvalidPackage'
    }

    defaultConfig {
        // TODO: Specify your own unique Application ID (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/application-id.html).
        applicationId "red.faro.flutter_capenergy"
        minSdkVersion 23
        targetSdkVersion 31
        versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
        versionName flutterVersionName
    }

    signingConfigs {
        release {
            keyAlias keystoreProperties['keyAlias']
            keyPassword keystoreProperties['keyPassword']
            storeFile keystoreProperties['storeFile'] ? file(keystoreProperties['storeFile']) : null
            storePassword keystoreProperties['storePassword']
        }
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            // TODO: Add your own signing config for the release build.
            // Signing with the debug keys for now, so `flutter run --release` works.
            signingConfig signingConfigs.release
            minifyEnabled true
        }
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            // TODO: Add your own signing config for the release build.
            // Signing with the debug keys for now, so `flutter run --release` works.
            signingConfig signingConfigs.release

                }
    }
}

flutter {
    source '../..'
}

dependencies {
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
    implementation platform('com.google.firebase:firebase-bom:27.0.0')
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging'
}

在这里你有 AndroidManifest.xml 文件

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="red.faro.flutter_capenergy">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <application
        android:name=".Application"
        android:label="Capenergy"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher">
        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_icon"
            android:resource="@drawable/iconpushapp" />
        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_channel_id"
            android:value="fcm_default_channel"/>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true"
            android:launchMode="singleTop"
            android:theme="@style/LaunchTheme"
            android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
            android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
            android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">

            <meta-data
              android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.NormalTheme"
              android:resource="@style/NormalTheme"
              />

            <meta-data
              android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.SplashScreenDrawable"
              android:resource="@drawable/launch_background"
              />


            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="FLUTTER_NOTIFICATION_CLICK" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>


        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name="com.yalantis.ucrop.UCropActivity"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait"
             android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar"/>
        <meta-data
            android:name="flutterEmbedding"
            android:value="2" />

    </application>

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
</manifest>

在新的 Android 设备 (SDK 31) 上启动应用程序时，调试器显示以下错误消息：

Error: ADB exited with exit code 1

Performing Streamed Install


adb: failed to install /Users/modestovascofornas/Desarrollo/2022-G2-CAPENERGY-FLUTTER-PROFESIONAL/FLUTTER/flutter_capenergy/build/app/outputs/flutter-apk/app.apk: Failure [INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED: Failed parse during installPackageLI: /data/app/vmdl644805330.tmp/base.apk (at Binary XML file line #80): io.flutter.plugins.firebasemessaging.FlutterFirebaseMessagingService: Targeting S+ (version 31 and above) requires that an explicit value for android:exported be defined when intent filters are present]

Error launching application on sdk gphone64 x86 

将 compileSdkVersion 和 targetSdkVersion 设置为 30 确实可以正常启动应用程序。

在旧设备上执行该应用程序完全没有问题。

唯一的问题是在 Android 设备上启动 compileSdkVersion 和 targetSdkVersion 设置为 31 的应用 > SDK 30

我能做什么？

Answer 1

在 AndroidManifest.xml 中，每个活动标签都必须设置android:exported="true" 。

更新：

<activity
        android:name="com.yalantis.ucrop.UCropActivity"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"
         android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar"/>

到

<activity
        android:exported="true"
        android:name="com.yalantis.ucrop.UCropActivity"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"
         android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar"/>