了解盈透证券中的线程 Python API

Question

我在 Python 中阅读了一些关于线程的教程，以更好地了解盈透证券 API。 但我仍然不明白为什么下面的代码不起作用：

from ibapi.client import EClient
from ibapi.wrapper import EWrapper
from ibapi.contract import Contract
from ibapi.ticktype import TickTypeEnum
import time
import threading


class TestApp(EWrapper, EClient):
    def __init__(self):
        EClient.__init__(self, self)
        self.last_price_list = []

    def error(self, reqId, errorCode, errorString):
        print("Error: ", reqId, " ", errorCode, " ", errorString)

    def tickPrice(self, reqId, tickType, price, attrib):
        self.last_price_list = self.last_price_list + [price]
        print("Tick Price. Ticker Id:", reqId, "tickType:", TickTypeEnum.to_str(tickType), "Price:", price, end=' ')
        print("_______________________")
    


   

 app = TestApp()
    
 app.connect("127.0.0.1", 4002, 0)
        
 # allow time to connect to server
 time.sleep(1)
 
 contract = Contract()
 contract.symbol = "AAPL"
 contract.secType = "STK"
 contract.exchange = "SMART"
 contract.currency = "USD"
 contract.primaryExchange = "NASDAQ"
 
 app.reqMarketDataType(4)  # switch to delayed-frozen data if live is not available
 app.reqMktData(1, contract, "", False, False, [])
 
 api_thread = threading.Thread(target=app.run())
 api_thread.start()
 
 while True:
     print(len(app.last_price_list))
        time.sleep(2)
    

这是我打断它之前产生的结果：

Error:  -1   2104   Market data farm connection is OK:usfarm
Error:  -1   2107   HMDS data farm connection is inactive but should be available upon demand.ushmds
Error:  -1   2158   Sec-def data farm connection is OK:secdefil
Error:  1   10167   Requested market data is not subscribed. Displaying delayed market data.
Tick Price. Ticker Id: 1 tickType: DELAYED_BID Price: 152.41 _______________________
Tick Price. Ticker Id: 1 tickType: DELAYED_ASK Price: 152.46 _______________________
Tick Price. Ticker Id: 1 tickType: DELAYED_LAST Price: 152.44 _______________________
Tick Price. Ticker Id: 1 tickType: DELAYED_HIGH Price: 155.04 _______________________
Tick Price. Ticker Id: 1 tickType: DELAYED_LOW Price: 152.28 _______________________
Tick Price. Ticker Id: 1 tickType: DELAYED_CLOSE Price: 154.09 _______________________
Tick Price. Ticker Id: 1 tickType: DELAYED_OPEN Price: 154.04 _______________________

我不明白为什么这一行不打印任何东西print(len(app.last_price_list))

Answer 1

(target=app.run)运行后没有括号，你应该给出被调用方法的名称，不要实际调用它。