`pip install` 在某些包上出错

Question

当我尝试使用pip install安装它们时，某些包会出错。 这是我尝试安装chatterbot时的错误，但其他一些软件包也会出现此错误：

pip install chatterbot
Collecting chatterbot
  Using cached ChatterBot-1.0.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (67 kB)
Collecting pint>=0.8.1
  Downloading Pint-0.19.2.tar.gz (292 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 292.0/292.0 kB 1.6 MB/s eta 0:00:00
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Collecting pyyaml<5.2,>=5.1
  Using cached PyYAML-5.1.2.tar.gz (265 kB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Collecting spacy<2.2,>=2.1
  Using cached spacy-2.1.9.tar.gz (30.7 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [35 lines of output]
      Collecting setuptools
        Using cached setuptools-65.0.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
      Collecting wheel<0.33.0,>0.32.0
        Using cached wheel-0.32.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (21 kB)
      Collecting Cython
        Using cached Cython-0.29.32-py2.py3-none-any.whl (986 kB)
      Collecting cymem<2.1.0,>=2.0.2
        Using cached cymem-2.0.6-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl (36 kB)
      Collecting preshed<2.1.0,>=2.0.1
        Using cached preshed-2.0.1.tar.gz (113 kB)
        Preparing metadata (setup.py): started
        Preparing metadata (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
        error: subprocess-exited-with-error

        python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully.
        exit code: 1

        [6 lines of output]
        Traceback (most recent call last):
          File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
          File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
          File "C:\Users\oguls\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-qce7tdof\preshed_546a51fe26c74852ab50db073ad57f1f\setup.py", line 9, in <module>
            from distutils import ccompiler, msvccompiler
        ImportError: cannot import name 'msvccompiler' from 'distutils' (C:\Users\oguls\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\__init__.py)
        [end of output]

        note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
      error: metadata-generation-failed

      Encountered error while generating package metadata.

      See above for output.

      note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
      hint: See above for details.
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

我不知道具体是哪些包导致了这个错误，很多安装都没有问题。

我已经尝试更新 pip、更改环境变量和我在 inte.net 上找到的其他可能的解决方案，但似乎没有任何效果。

编辑：我尝试安装的 package 支持我的 Python 版本。

Answer 1

在您的情况下，真正的错误是：

ImportError: cannot import name 'msvccompiler' from 'distutils'

发生这种情况是因为setuptools在 65.0.0 版本中破坏了distutils （并且已经在 65.0.2 版本中修复了它） 。 根据您的日志，您的全局setuptools安装中出现了错误（请参阅错误消息中的路径），因此您需要使用以下命令对其进行更新：

pip install -U setuptools

但是，这些软件包可能仍未安装或无法正常工作，因为导致此错误的模块不支持当前支持的 Python 版本所需的编译器版本。

Answer 2

同样的事情发生在我身上，这基本上是 pip 的版本问题。 尝试将 pip 升级到最新版本 --22.3.1 并将 python 版本从最新版本 --3.10.00 降级到 3.9.13 ...

pip --version检查 pip 的版本

pip install notebook --upgrade --upgrade -命令更新pip到最新版本

这对我有用