将 window 移动到工作区并将该工作区 (shiftAndView) 集中在 XMonad WM 上

Question

我有 XMonad 有一段时间了，过去几天我一直在研究这个问题，但仍然没有解决方案。

让我举一个我正在尝试做的例子：
VLC 已打开，将其移至工作区 2，而它仍然集中，所以我不必走很长的路，先将 VLC 移至工作区 2，然后切换到该工作区。

我搜索了很多论坛和网站，人们提供了很好的答案，但我的情况有所不同：

我将namedActions用于我的键绑定，而这些答案对我不起作用。

我不确定它是否会有所帮助，但这是我的配置文件：
https://pastebin.com/UuWt9qji

import XMonad
import Data.Char
import Data.Monoid
import System.Exit
import System.IO
import XMonad.Layout.Tabbed
import XMonad.Layout.Spacing
import XMonad.Layout.NoBorders
import XMonad.Layout.Fullscreen
import XMonad.Layout.Spiral
import XMonad.Layout.ResizableTile
import XMonad.Layout.Renamed
import XMonad.Layout.BinarySpacePartition
import XMonad.Layout.ToggleLayouts
import XMonad.Layout.Reflect
import XMonad.Layout.SubLayouts
import XMonad.Layout.WindowNavigation
import XMonad.Layout.Simplest
import XMonad.Util.Run
import XMonad.Util.SpawnOnce
import XMonad.Util.NamedScratchpad
import XMonad.Util.NamedActions
import XMonad.Util.EZConfig
import XMonad.ManageHook
import XMonad.Hooks.ManageDocks
import XMonad.Hooks.ManageHelpers
import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
import qualified Data.Map        as M
import XMonad.Actions.CycleWS
import XMonad.Util.WorkspaceCompare

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myModMask       = mod4Mask
myTerminal      = "alacritty"
myBrowser       = "qutebrowser"
myBorderWidth   = 2

myLauncher      = "rofi -show drun"
myStatusBar     = "xmobar .config/xmobar/xmobarrc"
myFont          = "xft:Hack Nerd Font:regular:size=12:antialias=true:hinting=true"

myNormalColor   = "#4e5173"
myFocusColor    = "#46d9ff"

myFocusFollowsMouse :: Bool
myFocusFollowsMouse = True

myClickJustFocuses :: Bool
myClickJustFocuses = False

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myScratchPads :: [NamedScratchpad]
myScratchPads  = [ NS "terminal" spawnTerm findTerm manageTerm
                 , NS "htop"     spawnHtop findHtop manageHtop
                 ]
  where
    spawnTerm  = myTerminal ++ " -t scratchpad"
    findTerm   = title =?      "scratchpad"
    manageTerm = customFloating $ W.RationalRect l t w h
              where
                h  = 0.9
                w  = 0.9
                t  = 0.95 -h
                l  = 0.95 -w
    spawnHtop  = myTerminal ++ " -t htop -e htop"
    findHtop   = title =?      "htop"
    manageHtop = customFloating $ W.RationalRect l t w h
               where
                h  = 0.9
                w  = 0.9
                t  = 0.95 -h
                l  = 0.95 -w

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wsDo   = "AV"
wsBo   = "BSA"
wsCo   = "COM"
wsMo   = "DOM"
wsGo   = "DMO"
wsFo   = "FLT"

-- myWorkspaces = map show [1..9]
myWorkspaces = [wsDo, wsBo, wsCo, wsGo, wsMo, wsFo]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
showKeybindings :: [((KeyMask, KeySym), NamedAction)] -> NamedAction
showKeybindings x = addName "Show Keybindings" $ io $ do
  h <- spawnPipe $ "yad --text-info --fontname=\"SauceCodePro Nerd Font Mono 12\" --fore=#46d9ff --back=#282c36 --center --geometry=1200x800 --title \"XMonad keybindings\""
  hPutStr h (unlines $ showKm x)
  hClose h
  return ()

wsKeys = map show $ [1..9] ++ [0]
notSP = (return $ ("SP" /=) . W.tag) :: X (WindowSpace -> Bool)
shiftAndView dir = findWorkspace getSortByIndex dir (WSIs notSP) 1
  >>= \t -> (windows . W.shift $ t) >> (windows . W.greedyView $ t)

myKeys confkey =let subKeys str ks = subtitle str : mkNamedKeymap confkey ks in

  subKeys "System"
  [ ("M-t"    , addName "Push window back into tiling"  $ withFocused $ windows . W.sink)
  , ("M-S-q"  , addName "Quit xmonad"                   $ io (exitWith ExitSuccess))
  , ("M-q"    , addName "Rebuild & restart XMonad"      $ spawn "xmonad --recompile; xmonad --restart")]

  ^++^ subKeys "Launchers"
  [ ("M-S-<Return>"  , addName "Launch Terminal"  $ spawn myTerminal)
  , ("M-p"           , addName "Launch Rofi"      $ spawn myLauncher)
  , ("M-b"           , addName "Launch Browser"   $ spawn myBrowser)]

  ^++^ subKeys "Layout Management"
  [ ("M-<Space>"    , addName "Switch to next layout"            $ sendMessage NextLayout)
  , ("M-S-<Space>"  , addName "Reset layouts"                    $ setLayout $ XMonad.layoutHook confkey)
  , ("M-f"          , addName "Toggle to Fullscreen"             $ sendMessage (Toggle "Full"))
  , ("M-S-b"        , addName "Toggle Struts"                    $ sendMessage ToggleStruts)
  ]

  ^++^ subKeys "Workspaces"
  [ ("M-1", addName "Switch to workspace 1"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 0))
  , ("M-2", addName "Switch to workspace 2"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 1))
  , ("M-3", addName "Switch to workspace 3"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 2))
  , ("M-4", addName "Switch to workspace 4"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 3))
  , ("M-5", addName "Switch to workspace 5"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 4))
  , ("M-6", addName "Switch to workspace 6"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 5))
  , ("M-S-1", addName "Send to workspace 1"    $ (windows $ W.shift $ myWorkspaces !! 0))
  , ("M-S-2", addName "Send to workspace 2"    $ (windows $ W.shift $ myWorkspaces !! 1))
  , ("M-S-3", addName "Send to workspace 3"    $ (windows $ W.shift $ myWorkspaces !! 2))
  , ("M-S-4", addName "Send to workspace 4"    $ (windows $ W.shift $ myWorkspaces !! 3))
  , ("M-S-5", addName "Send to workspace 5"    $ (windows $ W.shift $ myWorkspaces !! 4))
  , ("M-S-6", addName "Send to workspace 6"    $ (windows $ W.shift $ myWorkspaces !! 5))]
  
  ^++^ subKeys "Window Management"
  [ ("M-<Tab>"     , addName "Move focus to the next window"        $ windows W.focusDown)
  , ("M-j"         , addName "Move focus to the next window"        $ windows W.focusDown)
  , ("M-k"         , addName "Move focus to the previous window"    $ windows W.focusUp)
  , ("M-m"         , addName "Move focus to the master window"      $ windows W.focusMaster)
  , ("M-<Return>"  , addName "Swap focused to the master window"    $ windows W.swapMaster)
  , ("M-S-j"       , addName "Swap focused to the next window"      $ windows W.swapDown)
  , ("M-S-k"       , addName "Swap focused to the previous window"  $ windows W.swapUp)
  , ("M-t"         , addName "Push window back into tiling"         $ withFocused $ windows . W.sink)
  , ("M-,"         , addName "Increase windows in master area"      $ sendMessage (IncMasterN 1))
  , ("M-."         , addName "Decrease windows in master area"      $ sendMessage (IncMasterN (-1)))
  , ("M-c"         , addName "Close focused window"                 $ kill)]

  ^++^ subKeys "Scratchpads"
  [ ("M-s t"  , addName "Toggle scratchpad terminal"  $ namedScratchpadAction myScratchPads "terminal")
  , ("M-s h"  , addName "Toggle scratchpad htop"      $ namedScratchpadAction myScratchPads "htop")]

  ^++^ subKeys "Sublayouts"
  [ ("M-C-h",  addName "pullGroup Left"        $ sendMessage $ pullGroup L)
  , ("M-C-l",  addName "pullGroup Right"       $ sendMessage $ pullGroup R)
  , ("M-C-k",  addName "pullGroup Up"          $ sendMessage $ pullGroup U)
  , ("M-C-j",  addName "pullGroup Down"        $ sendMessage $ pullGroup D)
  , ("M-C-m",  addName "MergeAll"              $ withFocused (sendMessage . MergeAll))
  , ("M-C-u",  addName "UnMerge"               $ withFocused (sendMessage . UnMerge))
  , ("M-C-/", addName "UnMergeAll"             $  withFocused (sendMessage . UnMergeAll))
  , ("M-C-.", addName "Switch focus next tab"  $  onGroup W.focusUp')
  , ("M-C-,", addName "Switch focus prev tab"  $  onGroup W.focusDown')]

  ^++^ subKeys "Window resizing"
  [ ("M-h"  , addName "Shrink the master area"  $ sendMessage Shrink)
  , ("M-l"  , addName "Expand the master area"  $ sendMessage Expand)]

  ^++^ subKeys "Window spacing"
  [ ("C-M1-j",  addName "Decrease window spacing"  $ decWindowSpacing 5)
  , ("C-M1-k",  addName "Increase window spacing"  $ incWindowSpacing 5)]

-----Workspaces

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myMouseBindings (XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $

    [ ((modm, button1), (\w -> focus w >> mouseMoveWindow w
                                       >> windows W.shiftMaster))

    , ((modm, button2), (\w -> focus w >> windows W.shiftMaster))

    , ((modm, button3), (\w -> focus w >> mouseResizeWindow w
                                       >> windows W.shiftMaster)) ]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myTabConfig = def { fontName            = myFont
                  , activeColor         = "#46d9ff"
                  , inactiveColor       = "#202328"
                  , activeBorderColor   = "#46d9ff"
                  , inactiveBorderColor = "#282c34"
                  , activeTextColor     = "#282c34"
                  , inactiveTextColor   = "#dfdfdf" }

tall         = renamed [Replace "tall"]
             $ windowNavigation
             $ addTabs shrinkText myTabConfig
             $ subLayout [] Simplest
             $ smartSpacing 5
             $ ResizableTall 1 (3/100) (1/2) []

binary       = renamed [Replace "binary"]
             $ reflectHoriz
             $ reflectVert
             $ smartSpacing 5
             $ emptyBSP

spirals      = renamed [Replace "spirals"]
             $ smartSpacing 5
             $ spiral (6/7)

myLayoutHook = avoidStruts
             $ smartBorders
             $ toggleLayouts Full
             $ myLayouts
  where
   myLayouts = tall
           ||| binary
           ||| spirals

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myManageHook = composeAll
    [ className =? "MPlayer"        --> doFloat
    , className =? "Gimp"           --> doFloat
    , className =? "confirm"        --> doFloat
    , className =? "file_progress"  --> doFloat
    , className =? "dialog"         --> doFloat
    , className =? "download"       --> doFloat
    , className =? "error"          --> doFloat
    , className =? "notification"   --> doFloat
    , className =? "Yad"            --> doCenterFloat
    , resource  =? "desktop_window" --> doIgnore
    , resource  =? "kdesktop"       --> doIgnore
    , isFullscreen --> doFullFloat
    ] <+> namedScratchpadManageHook myScratchPads

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myEventHook = mempty

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myLogHook = return ()


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
myStartupHook :: X ()
myStartupHook = do
    spawnOnce "xsetroot -cursor_name left_ptr"
    spawnOnce "nitrogen --restore &"
    spawnOnce "picom -f"

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
main :: IO ()
main = do
    xmproc <- spawnPipe myStatusBar
    xmonad 
        $ addDescrKeys' ((mod4Mask, xK_F1), showKeybindings) myKeys 
        $ docks defaults

defaults = def 
     {
        terminal           = myTerminal,
        focusFollowsMouse  = myFocusFollowsMouse,
        clickJustFocuses   = myClickJustFocuses,
        borderWidth        = myBorderWidth,
        modMask            = myModMask,
        workspaces         = myWorkspaces,
        normalBorderColor  = myNormalColor,
        focusedBorderColor = myFocusColor,
        mouseBindings      = myMouseBindings,
        layoutHook         = myLayoutHook,
        manageHook         = myManageHook,
        handleEventHook    = myEventHook,
        logHook            = myLogHook,
        startupHook        = myStartupHook
    }

Answer 1

一个简单但不是很优雅的解决方案是使用 XMonad.ManageHook package 中的中缀 mappend 运算符<+>来组合两个钩子：

, ("M-C-3", addName "Send to and View on workspace 3" $
    (windows $ W.shift $ myWorkspaces !! 2) <+>
    (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 2)
  )

Answer 2

感谢 Reddit 的人，这个问题通过几行代码就解决了。 （@pmf 回答也可以）
这是解决方案：

1. 第一个（最佳）解决方案：

^++^ subKeys "Workspaces" (
[ ("M-" ++ i, addName ("Switch to workspace " ++ i) (windows $ W.greedyView wsp)) | (i, wsp) <- zip (map show [1..9]) myWorkspaces]
++ [ ("M-S-" ++ i, addName ("Send to workspace " ++ i) (windows $ W.shift wsp)) | (i, wsp) <- zip (map show [1..9]) myWorkspaces]
)

^++^ subKeys "Window Management" (
[ -- other keys here ]
++ [ ("M-C-" ++ i, addName ("Send and switch to workspace " ++ i) (windows $ W.greedyView wsp . W.shift wsp)) | (i, wsp) <- zip (map show [1..9]) myWorkspaces]
)

2. 第二种解决方案：

shiftAndView :: Int -> X ()
shiftAndView n = windows $ W.greedyView (myWorkspaces !! (n - 1))
                         . W.shift      (myWorkspaces !! (n - 1))

3. 第三种解决方案：

windows $ W.greedyView (myWorkspaces !! 2) . W.shift (myWorkspaces !! 2)

---

RossOgilvie对第一个解决方案如何工作的解释：

我们从条目列表开始

[ ("M-1", addName "Switch to workspace 1"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 0))
, ("M-2", addName "Switch to workspace 2"    $ (windows $ W.greedyView $ myWorkspaces !! 1))
, etc ]

所以我们看到每个条目大部分都是一样的，只是数量改变了，工作空间也改变了。 这个想法是首先列出数字和工作区，然后为它们中的每一个创建一个条目。 为了制作我们使用的第一个列表

zip (map show [1..9]) myWorkspaces
 = [("1", wsDo), ("2", wsBo), etc ]

列表推导很像其他语言中的 foreach 循环

[ g a | a <- alist ]
 = for each a in alist, apply g to a, and make a list from the results.

所以我们写的最终代码基本上是表单的列表理解

[ expression for the entry depending on i and wsp | (i,wsp) <- list of numbers and workspaces ]

我希望你现在明白为什么这会成为我们想要的条目列表。

---

感谢来自 Reddit 的RossOgilvie和slinchisl :)