检查元素是否在列表的任何地方

Question

我有两个列表：

expected = ["apple", "banana", "pear"]
actual = ["banana_yellow", "apple", "pear_green"]

我试图断言预期 = 实际。 即使在某些元素的末尾添加了颜色，它仍应返回 true。

我尝试过的事情：

for i in expected:
   assert i in actual

我希望这样的事情会起作用，但它试图将第一个元素 apple 与 banana 匹配并返回 false 而不是检查整个列表，如果列表中的任何地方都有 apple 则返回 true 。 我希望有人能帮忙？

编辑：列表可以有不同的长度。

Answer 1

expected = ["apple", "banana", "pear"]
actual = ["banana_yellow", "apple", "pear_green", 'orange']

for act in actual:
    if not act.startswith(tuple(expected)):
        print(act)
>>>
orange

如果你想让它以相反的方式工作，

expected = ["apple", "banana", "pear", 'grapes']
actual = ["banana_yellow", "apple", "pear_green", 'orange']
expected_ = set(expected)
for act in actual:
    for exp in expected:
        if act.startswith(exp):
            expected_.discard(exp)
            break
assert not(expected_), f"{expected_} are not found in actual and " + f"{set(expected)-expected_} are found in actual"
>>>
AssertionError: {'grapes'} are not found in actual and {'apple', 'pear', 'banana'} are found in actual

其它的办法，

expected = ["apple", "banana", "pear", 'grapes']
actual = ["banana_yellow", "apple", "pear_green", 'orange']
for exp in expected:
    assert [exp for act in actual if act.startswith(exp)], f'{exp} not found'
>>>
AssertionError: grapes not found

Answer 2

试试这个：

def isequal(actual: list, expected: list) -> bool:
    actual.sort()
    expected.sort()
    if len(actual) != len(expected):
        return False
    for i, val in enumerate(expected):
        if not actual[i].startswith(val):
            return False
    return True

print(isequal(actual, expected))

Answer 3

我建议自定义断言方法..

这比您需要的要多一些，但也更灵活一些。

• 条目的顺序无关紧要
• 颜色的添加方式无关紧要（例如，通过破折号、下划线……）

它仍然有一个缺陷，如果你将orange添加到carot并且正在寻找orange ，它也会成功断言。 对于这种情况，您需要根据您的实际需要调整方法。 （例如，将substring in string替换为string.startwith(substring)等。但是，这应该给您一个起点：

def assert_matching_list_contents(expected: list, actual: list) -> None:
    if len(expected) != len(actual):
        raise AssertionError('Length of the lists does not match!')

    for expected_value in expected:
        if not any(expected_value in entry for entry in actual):
            raise AssertionError(f'Expected entry "{expected_value}" not found')

expectation = ["apple", "banana", "pear"]
current = ["banana_yellow", "apple", "pear_green"]
assert_matching_list_contents(expectation, current)

Answer 4

您可以使用.startswith以及排序列表来查找它。

expected = ["apple", "banana", "pear"]
actual = ["banana_yellow", "apple", "pear_green"]
expected.sort() # just looking for prefixes
actual.sort()
count = 0
for i in actual:
    if i.startswith(expected[count]): # prefix matches!
        count+=1 # move to next prefix
if count != len(expected): # since it didn't find all expected
    print("Nope!")
    assert False

它之所以有效，是因为它只是跳过actual actual找不到前缀， count就会卡住，导致count永远不会到达expected的末尾。