将output垂直并排排列在python中

Question

所以我想在一个漂亮的栏目中垂直排列算术问题。

代码：`def arithmetic_arranger（问题，计算=假）：

for problem in problems:
    problem = problem.split()
    first_number = problem[0]
    second_number = problem[2]
    sign = problem[1]
    
    try:
        first_number = int(first_number) 
        second_number = int(second_number)   
    except:
        print('Error: Numbers must only contain digits.')
        break

    if calculate is True:
        if sign == '+':
            result = first_number + second_number
        else:
            result = first_number - second_number

    print(f'{first_number}\n{sign} {second_number}\n-----')
    
    if calculate is True:
        print(result)

arithmetic_arranger(["32 + 8", "1 - 3801", "9999 + 9999", "523 - 49"], True)`

这是当前的 output：

+ 8
-----
40
1
- 3801
-----
-3800
9999
+ 9999
-----
19998
523
- 49
-----
474

我想把它变成：

  32         1      9999      523
+  8    - 3801    + 9999    -  49
----    ------    ------    -----
  40     -3800     19998      474

我试过将第一个数字添加到列表中，然后在行中显示它们，但这并没有真正起作用。

Answer 1

我会通过创建一个 function 来解决这个问题，它将两个数字加/减为数字，而不是字符串。 然后使用len(str(x))将数字的打印长度推断为字符串，我们可以打印适当数量的前导空格和破折号。

def long_op(x, y, op="+"):
    if op == "+":
        result = x + y
    elif op == "-":
        result = x - y
    else:
        raise ValueError("op must be + or -")
    width = max([len(str(i)) for i in [x, y]])
    first = " " * (2 + width - len(str(x))) + str(x)
    second = op + " " * (1 + width - len(str(y))) + str(y)
    bar = "-" * (2 + width)
    last = " " * (2 + width - len(str(result))) + str(result)
    return "\n".join([first, second, bar, last])

def multi_ops(*args):
    long_ops = [long_op(*arg).split("\n") for arg in args]
    transpose = list(map(list, zip(*long_ops)))
    return "\n".join(["   ".join(l) for l in transpose])

print(long_op(32,8))
print()
print(multi_ops([32,8], [1,3801,"-"], [9999,9999], [523,49,"-"]))

Output：

  32
+  8
----
  40

  32        1     9999     523
+  8   - 3801   + 9999   -  49
----   ------   ------   -----
  40    -3800    19998     474

SageCell.SageMath.org上的演示。

Answer 2

在tabulate的帮助下，这是一个命题（基于您的代码）。

#pip install tabulate
from tabulate import tabulate
​
def arithmetic_arranger(problems, calculate=False):
    problem_lists = [problem.split() for problem in problems]
    
    if calculate:
        results = [eval(" ".join(problem)) for problem in problem_lists]
        problem_lists = [problem_lists[i] + [result]
                         for i, result in enumerate(results)]
        
    problem_lists = list(map(list, zip(*problem_lists)))
    problem_lists[1:3] = [[" ".join(x)
                           for x in zip(problem_lists[1], problem_lists[2])]]
​
    print(tabulate(problem_lists, tablefmt="simple", showindex=False, 
                   numalign="right", stralign="right"))

Output：

arithmetic_arranger(["32 + 8", "1 - 3801", "9999 + 9999", "523 - 49"], True)
​
---  ------  ------  ----
 32       1    9999   523
+ 8  - 3801  + 9999  - 49
 40   -3800   19998   474
---  ------  ------  ----