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有没有比使用instanceof有条件地创建类型更好/更清晰的方法? 【JAVA]

[英]Is there a better/cleaner way to conditionally create a type than using instanceof? [Java]

假设我有:

public class FightingZone<MobileSuitso, Background> {

    private MobileSuitCollection<MobileSuitso> msCollection;
    private BackgroundInfo<Background> bgInfo;

    public FightingZone(MobileSuitCollection<MobileSuitso> newCollection, BackgroundInfo<Background> newInfo) {
        this.msCollection = newCollection;
        this.bgInfo = newInfo;
    }

    ...

        ...// inside a method
        MobileSuitCollection temporaryCollection = new MobileSuitCollection<MobileSuitso>(); // /!\

}

问题是MobileSuitCollection是一个接口,所以我无法实例化它。 例如,我可以这样做:

MobileSuitCollection temporaryCollection = new GundamMeisterCollection<MobileSuitso>();
MobileSuitCollection temporaryCollection = new InnovatorCollection<MobileSuitso>();
MobileSuitCollection temporaryCollection = new CannonFolderCollection<MobileSuitso>();

但是,要操作temporaryCollection ,我需要它与通过参数传递给我的类的类型相同。 所以我想这样做:

if (msCollection instanceof GundamMeisterCollection) {
    ...
} else if (msCollection instanceof InnovatorCollection) {
    ...
} ...

我意识到这很糟糕。 有一个更好的方法吗? 是否可以保留对初始类型使用的类的引用,然后用它实例化temporaryCollection

您放在if子句中的代码可以放在一个Visitor

// Generics skipped for brevity
interface MobileSuitCollectionVisitor {
   handleCollection(GundamMeisterCollection collection);
   handleCollection(InnovatorCollection collection);
   handleCollection(CannonFolderCollection collection)
}

class ConcreteVisitor implements MobileSuitCollectionVisitor { 
    // place all of the logic in the implemented methods
}

然后让MobileSuitCollection有一个方法:

void visit(MobileSuitCollectionVisitor visitor);

而在MobileSuitCollection每个实现中都有

public void visit(MobileSuitCollectionVisitor visitor) {
    visitor.handleCollection(this);
}

快速而肮脏的方法是克隆原始集合,然后根据需要进行操作。 更好的方法可能是在接口中添加newInstance()方法,或者将工厂传递给FightingZone

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