Oracle使用脚本更新数据库-自动化

Question

我在一家公司中工作，该公司使用许多内部数据库使用的Oracle数据库。 数据库会随着软件的更改而更新，并且这些更新会放在PL / SQL脚本中。 我们的客户仍在运行我们软件的旧版本，因此数据库也有“旧”版本。

现在，当我们升级客户端软件时，我们现在必须运行自客户端版本运行以来编写的所有脚本。 有时，这是很多不同的脚本，并且要花大量的工时才能手动运行它们。

我想知道是否可以通过某种方式来自动运行这些升级PL / SQL脚本？

编写一个可以在数据库上执行脚本的小程序是否可行？

当脚本运行时，当自动处理脚本时，还会弹出错误消息。 也许写入日志文件。

关于运行这些脚本的自动化的任何投入将不胜感激？

Answer 1

SQL * Plus脚本可以调用其他脚本。

例如，SQL * Plus脚本如下：

@@foo.sql
@@bar.sql
@@baz.sql

将从至少在* nix中执行sqlplus的目录中执行foo.sql，bar.sql和baz.sql。 在Windows上，它倾向于查看$ ORACLE_HOME / bin，但我很确定通过SQLPATH环境变量在两个平台上都可以控制行为。 当然，您可以使用环境变量来定义完整路径，例如：

@@$MY_APP_UPGRADE_DIR/foo.sql
@@$MY_APP_UPGRADE_DIR/bar.sql
@@$MY_APP_UPGRADE_DIR/baz.sql

当然，如果脚本是为* nix构建的，则反面是，由于/ v \\问题，该脚本无法在Windows上运行。 但是，这不是一个简单的办法，尤其是在* nix其中sed就可以搞定。

最初错过了错误注释：

SET ECHO ON
SPOOL $MY_APP_UPGRADE_DIR/my_giant_log_file
WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT SQL.CODE ROLLBACK;

将在指定目录中放置一个日志文件，并在升级脚本引发任何SQL错误时将其炸开。

Answer 2

您没有指定操作系统，但是对于Unix，我将设置.sh脚本。

它可能看起来像这样：

$ UID ='myuid'$ PWD ='密码'

sqlplus $ UID / $ PWD @ SIDNAME @ pl_sql_script1.sql

sqlplus $ UID / $ PWD @ SIDNAME @ pl_sql_script2.sql

---

如果要调用存储的PL / SQL过程，则应创建一个脚本文件（.sql），其行如下：execute owner.stored_procedure

Answer 3

user:
-----
set linesize 100
set feedback off
set verify off
set pagesize 66
set wrap off
set pages 50
set lines 131
prompt
prompt  Status of top active users by CPU
prompt
select to_char(sysdate,'YY-MM-DD:HH24-MI-SS') stime from dual;
column u_name format a8
column Osuser format a8
column Orauser format a8
column Sid_sn# format a13 Heading "'SID,SNO#'"
column S_pid format a5
column C_pid format a5
column Server format a10
column client_program format a28
select s.osuser "Osuser",s.username "Orauser",''''||s.sid||','||s.serial#||'''' sid_sn#,
s.process C_pid,substr(p.spid,1,5) "S_pid", s.machine Server,
decode(instr(s.program,'@'), 0, s.program, nvl(substr(s.program,1,instr(s.program,'@')-1),p.program)) client_program,
l.value "CPU",m.value "READS",to_char(s.logon_time, 'YY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS') logon_time from
v$session s,v$process p, v$sesstat l, v$sesstat m
where s.paddr = p.addr
and l.sid=m.sid
and s.status='ACTIVE'
and s.sid=l.sid and l.statistic#=12
and (l.value > 0 or m.value > 0)
and m.statistic#=9
order by l.value


ams SPace:
----------
col path for a40
select NAME,STATE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$ASM_DISKGROUP;

select GROUP_NUMBER,DISK_NUMBER,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,STATE,PATH,NAME from v$asm_disk;

Invalid object:
--------------
set lines 132
col object_name format a50
spool invalids.out
select owner,object_type,object_name,last_ddl_time from dba_objects where status='INVALID'
order by owner,object_type,object_name;
spool off



Locks:
------
set lines 132
column Session_ID format a15;
SELECT DECODE(request,0,'Holder: ','Waiter: ')||sid Session_ID,
  id1 Lock_ID_1, id2 Lock_ID_2,
  decode(lmode,1,'Null',2,'Row-S(SS)',3,'Row-X(SX)',4,'Share(S)',5,'S/Row-x(SSX)',6,'Exclusive(X)','None') Lock_Mode,
  decode(request,1,'Null',2,'Row-S(SS)',3,'Row-X(SX)',4,'Share(S)',5,'S/Row-x(SSX)',6,'Exclusive(X)','None') Lock_Mode_Request,
  decode(type,'TX','Transaction Enqueue(TX)','TM','DML Enqueue(TM)','UL','User Supplied(UL)') Type_of_Lock,
  round(ctime/60,2) Time_Min
    FROM V$LOCK
   WHERE (id1, id2, type) IN
             (SELECT id1, id2, type FROM V$LOCK WHERE request>0)
   ORDER BY id1, request;


 px waits:
----------
set lines 131
column sid format 9999
column event format a25
column p1text format a20
column p2text format a10
column p3text format a10

select sw.sid,event,p1text,p1,p2text,p2,p3text,p3,server_set
from v$session_wait sw, v$px_session ps
where ps.sid = sw.sid
order by qcsid,server_group,server_set,server#

px stats:
---------
set lines 131
column name format a26
break on name skip 1
compute sum of value on name
select /*+ ordered */ name,value,sid,serial#,qcsid,server_group,server_set,server#,degree,req_degree
from v$statname n, v$px_sesstat ps
where ps.statistic# = n.statistic#
and name  in ('physical reads direct','session logical reads')
order by name,qcsid,server_group,server_set,server#

space_ts_report:
-----------------
set lines 120
set pages 60
ttitle center "Tablespace Space Usage Report" skip 2
break on report
compute sum of ddf_sum_megs on report
compute sum of dfs_sum_megs on report
compute avg of dfs_percent_free on report
column dfs_tablespace_name format a30 heading "Tablespace"
col ddf_sum_megs format 999,999,999.9 heading "MB Allocated"
col dfs_sum_megs format 999,999,999.9 heading "MB Free"
col dfs_percent_free format 999.9 heading "% Free"
col dfs_max_megs format 999,999,999.9 heading "MB Max Free"
col dfs_c_extents format 999,999,999,999 heading "# Free Extents"
col dfs_avg_megs format 999,999,999.9 heading "MB Avg Free"

spool /tmp/ts_space_report

select   ddf_tablespace_name TABLESPACE,
         ddf_sum_bytes/1024/1024 ddf_sum_megs,
         nvl(dfs_sum_bytes,0)/1024/1024 dfs_sum_megs,
         (nvl(dfs_sum_bytes,0)/ddf_sum_bytes) * 100 dfs_percent_free,
         nvl(dfs_max_bytes,0)/1024/1024 dfs_max_megs,
         nvl(dfs_cnt_extents,0) dfs_c_extents,
         (nvl(dfs_sum_bytes,0)/dfs_cnt_extents)/1024/1024 dfs_avg_megs
from     (
         select   tablespace_name dfs_tablespace_name,
                  sum(bytes) dfs_sum_bytes,
                  max(bytes) dfs_max_bytes,
                  count(*)   dfs_cnt_extents
         from     dba_free_space
         group by tablespace_name
         union all
         select tname dfs_tablespace_name,
                nvl(tbytes,0) - nvl(ubytes,0) dfs_sum_bytes,
                mblocks dfs_max_bytes,rcount dfs_cnt_extents
         from
         (select tablespace_name tname,sum(bytes) tbytes,count(*) rcount  from dba_temp_files group by tablespace_name),
         (select tablespace stname,sum(blocks)*8182 ubytes,max(blocks) mblocks from v$sort_usage group by tablespace)
          where stname (+) = tname
         ),
         (
         select   tablespace_name ddf_tablespace_name,
                  sum(bytes) ddf_sum_bytes
         from     dba_data_files
         group by tablespace_name
         union all
         select tablespace_name ddf_tablespace_name,
               sum(bytes) ddf_sum_bytes
         from dba_temp_files
         group by tablespace_name
         )
where    dfs_tablespace_name (+) = ddf_tablespace_name
order by dfs_percent_free desc;



lag
----
 SELECT to_char(APPLIED_TIME,'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss')  "Standby Time",
                   to_char(READ_TIME,'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss') "Recover time",
                   to_char(sysdate,'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss') "Production Time",
                 trunc(((86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))/60/60/24))-(trunc((((86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))/60)/60/24)/30)) "Days",trunc(((86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))/60)/60)-24*(trunc((((86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))/60)/60)/24)) "Hrs",
                   trunc((86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))/60)-60*(trunc(((86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))/60)/60)) "Min",
                   trunc(86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))-60*(trunc((86400*(sysdate-APPLIED_TIME))/60)) "Sec"
          FROM DBA_LOGSTDBY_PROGRESS;

current sql :
-------------
select sid, s.sql_id, s.sql_child_number, sql_fulltext
from v$session s, v$process p, v$logstdby l, v$sql a
where s.paddr=p.addr and p.spid=l.pid and s.sql_id=a.sql_id and s.sql_child_number=a.child_number;

select t.*
from v$session s, v$process p, v$logstdby l, v$sql a, table(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(a.sql_id, a.child_number, 'BASIC')) t
where s.paddr=p.addr and p.spid=l.pid and s.sql_id=a.sql_id and s.sql_child_number=a.child_number;

select sql_id, parse_calls, disk_reads, direct_writes, buffer_gets, rows_processed, fetches, executions, loads, version_count,
cpu_time, elapsed_time, sorts, sharable_mem, total_sharable_mem
from v$sqlstats where sql_id in (
select s.sql_id from v$session s, v$process p, v$logstdby l where s.paddr=p.addr and p.spid=l.pid);


Explain:
--------
REM
REM   ident        @(#) BU DBA Group - P2K: explain.sql 1.4 07/06/01 09:33:13
REM
REM   File:        explain.sql    Release 1.4   06/01/07 09:33:13
REM                This version checked out of SCCS on 07/06/01 at 09:33:13
REM   Control:     /opt/oracle/dba/SCCS/common/sql/s.explain.sql
REM   -------------------------------------------------------------------------
REM           ***  Do not edit this file outside of SCCS control  ***
REM
REM   To get an editable copy of this file use the command: sccs edit explain.sql
REM   Edit the file with your favourite editor.
REM   When finished editing use the command: sccs delget explain.sql
REM   -------------------------------------------------------------------------
REM
REM   Author:      Oracle 9.2 feature scripted by Muthu Chinnasamy
REM
REM   Synopsis:    Explain some arbitary SQL
REM
REM   Syntax:      @explain.sql SQLfilename
REM
REM   Example:
REM                1. Logon to sqlplus
REM                2. Run the command
REM                     explain plan for "your SQL"
REM                3. @explain
REM
REM   Assumptions: Requires $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlxplan.sql
REM
REM   History:     sccs prt explain.sql
REM
REM -- set error traps so that we can detect failure in the calling kshell
whenever sqlerror exit sql.sqlcode rollback
whenever oserror exit failure rollback
set lines 132 pages 2000
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
rollback;
REM spool off
REM exit

getsql
-------
set pages 100 lines 110 wrap on feed 0 termout on veri off head on
accept sessionid Prompt "Enter SID : "
column sid format 99999
column serial# format 99999
column program format a35
column ora_user format a10
column osuser format a10
column cproc format 99999
column sproc format 99999
set long 5000
select s.sid SID ,s.serial# serial#,s.program program, s.username ora_user ,s.osuser osuser,
s.process c_proc,s.sql_hash_value,p.spid s_proc,s.sql_id sqlid  from v$session  s,v$process p
where sid=&sessionid
and s.paddr=p.addr;
select t.sql_text from  v$session s,v$sqltext t
where sid=&sessionid
and s.sql_hash_value  = t.hash_value (+)
order by t.piece
;



sqlid:
------
set lines 250 pages 9999 veri off long 9999
col snap_time format a13
col agg_cpu format 999999.99
col agg_et format 999999.99
col to_from format a13
col ins format 99
col exec format 999,999,999
col bg format 999,999,999,999
col bg_exe format 999,999,999
col et_exe format 999,999.99
col cpu_exe format 999,999.99
col dr_exe format 999,999,999
col rows_proc format 9,999,999
col sql_id new_value sqlid
select sql_id,sql_text from dba_hist_sqltext where sql_id='&sql_id';
select
  b.sql_id,
  to_char(s.begin_interval_time,'YYYYMMDD::HH24') snap_time,
  b.snap_id||'-'||b.snap_id to_from,
  s.instance_number ins,
  b.plan_hash_value plan_hash,
  b.executions_delta exec,
  b.buffer_gets_delta bg,
  case b.executions_delta when 0 then 0 else (b.buffer_gets_delta / b.executions_delta) end bg_exe,
  case b.executions_delta when 0 then 0 else (b.cpu_time_delta/1000000)/b.executions_delta end cpu_exe,
  case b.executions_delta when 0 then 0 else (b.elapsed_time_delta/1000000)/b.executions_delta end et_exe,
  case b.executions_delta when 0 then 0 else b.disk_reads_delta/b.executions_delta end dr_exe,
  b.rows_processed_delta rows_proc
from
  dba_hist_sqlstat b,
  dba_hist_snapshot s
where
  b.sql_id = '&sqlid' and
  b.snap_id = s.snap_id
  and s.begin_interval_time >= sysdate-&days_back
  and s.instance_number = b.instance_number
  and b.executions_delta > 0
order by
  b.sql_id,
  b.snap_id,
  b.snap_id,
  s.instance_number
;

FRA:

---

从v $ recovery_file_dest中选择*; 选择* from v $ flash_recovery_area_usage;

选择file_type，space_used percent_space_used / 100/1024/1024已使用，space_reclaimable percent_space_reclaimable / 100/1024/1024可回收，frau.number_of_files来自v $ recovery_file_dest rfd，v $ flash_recovery_area_usage frau;