[英]How do I pass an array of Pointers to a structure and allocate the members
好的,这是我的代码。 我正在尝试将一个指向数组的指针传递给函数。 我需要动态分配每个结构并在数组中放置一个指向该结构的指针。 当我第二次通过malloc时它会出现堆错误。 救命
#define MAXSTRUCTS 50
#define MAXBUFF 100
typedef struct {
char fullName[41];
char address[41];
char cityState[41];
char zipcode[11];
} Persons;
int readData(Persons *structPtrs[]);
int main(void) {
int totalStructs;
Persons *structPtrs[MAXSTRUCTS];
totalStructs = 0;
structPtrs[0] = NULL;
totalStructs = readData(structPtrs);
}
int readData(Persons *strptr[]) {
int tStructs = 0;
int recs;
char inRecord[MAXBUFF];
Persons *tmpPtr;
tStructs = 0;
for (recs=0; recs < MAXSTRUCTS; recs++) {
if (gets(inRecord) != NULL) {
strptr[recs] = (Persons *)malloc( sizeof(Persons));
tmpPtr = strptr[recs];
strncpy(tmpPtr->fullName,inRecord,MAXBUFF);
gets(inRecord);
strncpy(tmpPtr->address,inRecord,MAXBUFF);
gets(inRecord);
strncpy(tmpPtr->cityState,inRecord,MAXBUFF);
gets(inRecord);
strncpy(tmpPtr->zipcode,inRecord,MAXBUFF);
strptr[recs] = tmpPtr;
tStructs++;
}
else {
if ( recs = 0 ) {
exit (0);
}
recs=MAXSTRUCTS;
}
}
return(tStructs);
}
关于传递指针数组和分配内存,您做的一切正确。 导致堆损坏的原因是strncpy
函数的错误使用。 在所有情况下,您要将数据复制到的数组都比MAXBUFF
。 要解决此问题,您必须指定目标数组的大小,而不是MAXBUFF
。 例如,而不是:
strncpy(tmpPtr->fullName,inRecord,MAXBUFF);
... do(假设缓冲区已经用\\0
符号填充):
strncpy(tmpPtr->fullName,inRecord, sizeof(tmpPtr->fullName) - 1);
另外,不建议使用gets
函数,因为它很容易导致缓冲区溢出。 请尝试使用fgets
。
以下是您修改后的示例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAXSTRUCTS 2
#define MAXBUFF 100
typedef struct {
char fullName[41];
char address[41];
char cityState[41];
char zipcode[11];
} Persons;
int readData(Persons *structPtrs[]);
int main ()
{
int totalStructs;
int recs;
Persons *structPtrs[MAXSTRUCTS];
totalStructs = 0;
structPtrs[0] = NULL;
totalStructs = readData(structPtrs);
for(recs = 0; recs < totalStructs; ++recs) {
printf ("Record #%d - %s\n", recs + 1, structPtrs[recs]->fullName);
}
return 0;
}
int readData(Persons *strptr[])
{
int tStructs = 0;
int recs;
char inRecord[MAXBUFF];
Persons *tmpPtr;
tStructs = 0;
for (recs=0; recs < MAXSTRUCTS; ++recs) {
memset (inRecord, 0, sizeof(inRecord));
if (fgets(inRecord, sizeof (inRecord) - 1, stdin))
{
strptr[recs] = (Persons *)malloc(sizeof(Persons));
tmpPtr = strptr[recs];
memset (tmpPtr, 0, sizeof(Persons));
strncpy(tmpPtr->fullName,inRecord,sizeof(tmpPtr->fullName) - 1);
fgets(inRecord, sizeof (inRecord) - 1, stdin);
strncpy(tmpPtr->address,inRecord,sizeof(tmpPtr->address) - 1);
fgets(inRecord, sizeof (inRecord) - 1, stdin);
strncpy(tmpPtr->cityState,inRecord, sizeof(tmpPtr->cityState) - 1);
fgets(inRecord, sizeof (inRecord) - 1, stdin);
strncpy(tmpPtr->zipcode,inRecord, sizeof (tmpPtr->zipcode) - 1);
strptr[recs] = tmpPtr;
tStructs++;
} else {
if ( recs = 0 ) {
exit (0);
}
recs=MAXSTRUCTS;
}
}
return(tStructs);
}
int readDataToRecord( Persons *eachEntry[] ) {
int numEntries = 0 ;
Persons *tempPtr ;
for( int i=0 ; i < NUM_OF_RECORDS; ++i ) {
eachEntry[i] = ( Record * ) malloc( sizeof( Record ) ) ;
memset( eachEntry[i], 0, sizeof( Record ) ) ;
tempPtr = eachEntry[i] ;
fgets( tempPtr->firstName, sizeof( tempPtr->firstName ), stdin ) ;
fgets( tempPtr->secondName, sizeof( tempPtr->secondName), stdin ) ;
eachEntry[i] = tempPtr ;
++numEntries ;
}
return numEntries ;
}
这也可以有效地完成这项工作。 获得新记录后,您将如何为其每个成员分配内存。 因此,您可以直接获取该变量。
@Vlad:如果我错了,请告诉我。
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