在 Javascript 中解析 ISO 8601 日期

Question

需要将具有以下结构的 ISO 8601 日期转换为 javascript 的帮助/提示。

CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssTZD

我想像这样格式化日期：

January 28, 2011 - 7:30PM EST

我想保持这个解决方案尽可能干净和最小。

Answer 1

Date 对象处理 8601 作为它的第一个参数：

 var d = new Date("2014-04-07T13:58:10.104Z"); console.log(d.toString());

Answer 2

datejs可以解析以下内容，您可能想尝试一下。

Date.parse('1997-07-16T19:20:15')           // ISO 8601 Formats
Date.parse('1997-07-16T19:20:30+01:00')     // ISO 8601 with Timezone offset

编辑：正则表达式版本

x = "2011-01-28T19:30:00EST"

MM = ["January", "February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November", "December"]

xx = x.replace(
    /(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2}):\d{2}(\w{3})/,
    function($0,$1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6){
        return MM[$2-1]+" "+$3+", "+$1+" - "+$4%12+":"+$5+(+$4>12?"PM":"AM")+" "+$6
    }
)

结果

January 28, 2011 - 7:30PM EST

Edit2：我将时区更改为 EST，现在我得到了关注

x = "2011-01-28T19:30:00-05:00"

MM = {Jan:"January", Feb:"February", Mar:"March", Apr:"April", May:"May", Jun:"June", Jul:"July", Aug:"August", Sep:"September", Oct:"October", Nov:"November", Dec:"December"}

xx = String(new Date(x)).replace(
    /\w{3} (\w{3}) (\d{2}) (\d{4}) (\d{2}):(\d{2}):[^(]+\(([A-Z]{3})\)/,
    function($0,$1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6){
        return MM[$1]+" "+$2+", "+$3+" - "+$4%12+":"+$5+(+$4>12?"PM":"AM")+" "+$6 
    }
)

返回

January 28, 2011 - 7:30PM EST

基本上

String(new Date(x))

返回

Fri Jan 28 2011 19:30:00 GMT-0500 (EST)

正则表达式部分只是将上面的字符串转换为您需要的格式。

January 28, 2011 - 7:30PM EST

Answer 3

如果你想保持简单，这应该足够了：

function parseIsoDatetime(dtstr) {
    var dt = dtstr.split(/[: T-]/).map(parseFloat);
    return new Date(dt[0], dt[1] - 1, dt[2], dt[3] || 0, dt[4] || 0, dt[5] || 0, 0);
}

注意parseFloat 是必须的， parseInt 并不总是有效。 地图需要 IE9 或更高版本。

适用于格式：

• 2014-12-28 15:30:30
• 2014-12-28T15:30:30
• 2014-12-28

对时区无效，请参阅有关这些的其他答案。

Answer 4

也许，您可以使用 moment.js，在我看来，它是解析、格式化和处理客户端日期的最佳 JavaScript 库。 你可以使用类似的东西：

 var momentDate = moment('1890-09-30T23:59:59+01:16:20', 'YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss+-HH:mm:ss'); var jsDate = momentDate.toDate(); // Now, you can run any JavaScript Date method jsDate.toLocaleString();

使用像 moment.js 这样的库的优势在于，即使在 IE 8+ 等传统浏览器中，您的代码也能完美运行。

这是有关解析方法的文档： https ://momentjs.com/docs/#/parsing/

Answer 5

根据MSDN ，JavaScript Date 对象不提供任何特定的日期格式化方法（正如您在其他编程语言中看到的那样）。 但是，您可以使用一些Date方法和格式来实现您的目标：

function dateToString (date) {
  // Use an array to format the month numbers
  var months = [
    "January",
    "February",
    "March",
    ...
  ];

  // Use an object to format the timezone identifiers
  var timeZones = {
    "360": "EST",
    ...
  };

  var month = months[date.getMonth()];
  var day = date.getDate();
  var year = date.getFullYear();

  var hours = date.getHours();
  var minutes = date.getMinutes();
  var time = (hours > 11 ? (hours - 11) : (hours + 1)) + ":" + minutes + (hours > 11 ? "PM" : "AM");
  var timezone = timeZones[date.getTimezoneOffset()];

  // Returns formatted date as string (e.g. January 28, 2011 - 7:30PM EST)
  return month + " " + day + ", " + year + " - " + time + " " + timezone;
}

var date = new Date("2011-01-28T19:30:00-05:00");

alert(dateToString(date));

您甚至可以更进一步并覆盖Date.toString()方法：

function dateToString () { // No date argument this time
  // Use an array to format the month numbers
  var months = [
    "January",
    "February",
    "March",
    ...
  ];

  // Use an object to format the timezone identifiers
  var timeZones = {
    "360": "EST",
    ...
  };

  var month = months[*this*.getMonth()];
  var day = *this*.getDate();
  var year = *this*.getFullYear();

  var hours = *this*.getHours();
  var minutes = *this*.getMinutes();
  var time = (hours > 11 ? (hours - 11) : (hours + 1)) + ":" + minutes + (hours > 11 ? "PM" : "AM");
  var timezone = timeZones[*this*.getTimezoneOffset()];

  // Returns formatted date as string (e.g. January 28, 2011 - 7:30PM EST)
  return month + " " + day + ", " + year + " - " + time + " " + timezone;
}

var date = new Date("2011-01-28T19:30:00-05:00");
Date.prototype.toString = dateToString;

alert(date.toString());

Answer 6

看起来moment.js是最受欢迎的并且开发活跃：

moment("2010-01-01T05:06:07", moment.ISO_8601);