为iOS（设备和模拟器）构建静态库并在XCode中使用

Question

我是XCode- / iOS-Development的新手（不是编程本身），并希望制作一些简单的应用程序来适应它。

我目前的项目是一个简单的QR代码生成。 对于此任务，我想使用开源库libqrencode。 （ http://fukuchi.org/works/qrencode/index.en.html ）我没有在我的旧编码项目中使用开源库，但我想我理解了大多数“机制”;）

到目前为止，我尝试构建静态库并将其包含在我的XCode-Project中。 但是当使用库中的函数编译代码时，我得到错误消息。

---

第一个问题：

我尝试像这样为iPhone-Device构建：

#### Build libqrencode for iPhoneOS


export DEVROOT=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer
export HOST=arm-apple-darwin10
export TARGET=arm-apple-darwin10
export PREFIX=$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Release-iphoneos

export AR=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ar
export CPP=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp
export CXXPP=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp
export CXX=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/arm-apple-darwin10-llvm-g++-4.2
export LD=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ld
export NM=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/nm
export RANLIB=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ranlib

./configure --prefix=$PREFIX --host=$HOST --target=$TARGET --disable-shared --enable-static

makedepend
make
make install

但是当我将它包含在我的XCode-Project中并尝试使用该库中的两个简单函数时，我收到以下错误：

Ld build/myQRencode.build/Release-iphoneos/myQRencode.build/Objects-normal/armv6/myQRencode normal armv6
cd /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode
setenv IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 4.2
setenv PATH "/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/bin:/Developer/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin"
/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 -arch armv6 -isysroot /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneOS4.2.sdk -L/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/Release-iphoneos -L/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/libqrencode/Release-iphoneos/lib -F/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/Release-iphoneos -filelist /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/myQRencode.build/Release-iphoneos/myQRencode.build/Objects-normal/armv6/myQRencode.LinkFileList -dead_strip -miphoneos-version-min=4.2 -framework Foundation -framework UIKit -framework CoreGraphics -lqrencode -o /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/myQRencode.build/Release-iphoneos/myQRencode.build/Objects-normal/armv6/myQRencode

ld: warning: in /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/libqrencode/Release-iphoneos/lib/libqrencode.a, file was built for unsupported file format which is not the architecture being linked (armv6)
Undefined symbols:
  "_QRcode_encodeString", referenced from:
      _main in main.o
  "_QRcode_free", referenced from:
      _main in main.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

Ld build/myQRencode.build/Release-iphoneos/myQRencode.build/Objects-normal/armv7/myQRencode normal armv7
cd /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode
setenv IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 4.2
setenv PATH "/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/bin:/Developer/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin"
/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 -arch armv7 -isysroot /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneOS4.2.sdk -L/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/Release-iphoneos -L/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/libqrencode/Release-iphoneos/lib -F/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/Release-iphoneos -filelist /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/myQRencode.build/Release-iphoneos/myQRencode.build/Objects-normal/armv7/myQRencode.LinkFileList -dead_strip -miphoneos-version-min=4.2 -framework Foundation -framework UIKit -framework CoreGraphics -lqrencode -o /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/myQRencode.build/Release-iphoneos/myQRencode.build/Objects-normal/armv7/myQRencode

ld: warning: in /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/libqrencode/Release-iphoneos/lib/libqrencode.a, file was built for unsupported file format which is not the architecture being linked (armv7)
Undefined symbols:
  "_QRcode_encodeString", referenced from:
      _main in main.o
  "_QRcode_free", referenced from:
      _main in main.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

---

---

第二个问题：

我尝试像这样为iPhone-Device构建：

#### Build libqrencode for iPhone-Simulator


export DEVROOT=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer
export HOST=i386-apple-darwin10
export TARGET=i386-apple-darwin10
export PREFIX=$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator

export AR=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ar
export CPP=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp
export CXXPP=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp
export CXX=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/i686-apple-darwin10-llvm-g++-4.2
export LD=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ld
export NM=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/nm
export RANLIB=$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ranlib

./configure --prefix=$PREFIX --host=$HOST --target=$TARGET --disable-shared --enable-static

makedepend
make
make install

但是当我将它包含在我的XCode-Project中并尝试使用该库中的两个简单函数时，我得到以下错误（实际上与上面相同的错误消息）：

Ld build/Debug-iphonesimulator/myQRencode.app/myQRencode normal i386
cd /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode
setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.6
setenv PATH "/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin:/Developer/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin"
/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 -arch i386 -isysroot /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator4.2.sdk -L/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/Debug-iphonesimulator -L/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/lib -F/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/Debug-iphonesimulator -filelist /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/myQRencode.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/myQRencode.build/Objects-normal/i386/myQRencode.LinkFileList -mmacosx-version-min=10.6 -Xlinker -objc_abi_version -Xlinker 2 -framework Foundation -framework UIKit -framework CoreGraphics -lqrencode -o /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/build/Debug-iphonesimulator/myQRencode.app/myQRencode

ld: warning: in /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/myQRencode/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/lib/libqrencode.a, file was built for unsupported file format which is not the architecture being linked (i386)
Undefined symbols:
  "_QRcode_encodeString", referenced from:
      _main in main.o
  "_QRcode_free", referenced from:
      _main in main.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

问题1：我也尝试将HOST和TARGET设置为i686，但这也不起作用（相同的错误消息）。 不幸的是我只有“i686-apple-darwin10-llvm-g ++ - 4.2”和类似的，但没有“i386-xxxx ....”。 这是问题还是我选择了什么设置错了？

问题2：如何检查库的目标是什么？ 在bash中有一个特殊的命令吗？ 我记得第一次构建libqrencode时我需要获取libpng12。 到目前为止，我没有使用任何命令来创建PNG，但我没有为iPhone-Simulator或iPhone-Device重建它。 libpng12库是否仍然由XCode链接，这可能是错误的来源吗？

任何帮助赞赏。 对不起，很长的帖子，但我希望尽可能彻底。 已经完全！

---

---

添加信息：

我设法使用以下配置设置为I386构建libpng12 ：

#! /bin/bash

#### Build libpng12 for iPhone-Simulator

unset CPATH
unset C_INCLUDE_PATH
unset CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH
unset OBJC_INCLUDE_PATH
unset LIBS
unset DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH
unset DYLD_FALLBACK_FRAMEWORK_PATH

unset CPP
unset CXXPP
unset CC
unset CXX
unset LD
unset STRIP
unset CPPFLAGS
unset CFLAGS
unset CXXFLAGS
unset LDFLAGS
unset AS
unset ASCPP

export SDKVER="4.2"
export DEVROOT="/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer"
export SDKROOT="$DEVROOT/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator$SDKVER.sdk"

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig"
export PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR="$PKG_CONFIG_PATH"
export PREFIX="$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libpng12/Debug-iphonesimulator"
export AS="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/as"
export ASCPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/as"
export AR="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ar"
export RANLIB="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ranlib"
export CPPFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -std=c99 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -I$SDKROOT/usr/include -I$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libpng12/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -I/usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/include"
export CFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -std=c99 -arch i386 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp --sysroot='$SDKROOT' -isystem $SDKROOT/usr/include -isystem $HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libpng12/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -isystem /usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/include -m32"
export CXXFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -std=c99 -arch i386 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp --sysroot='$SDKROOT' -isystem $SDKROOT/usr/include -isystem $HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libpng12/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -isystem /usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/include"
export LDFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -arch i386 --sysroot='$SDKROOT' -L$SDKROOT/usr/lib -L$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libpng12/Debug-iphonesimulator/lib -L/usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/lib"
export CPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp"
export CXXCPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp"
export CC="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/gcc-4.2"
export CXX="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/g++-4.2"
export LD="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ld"
export STRIP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/strip"

./configure --prefix="$PREFIX" --host="i386-apple-darwin9" --enable-static --disable-shared

但是当我尝试对libqrencode使用类似/相同的设置时，我得到以下错误：

make  all-recursive
Making all in .
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC   --mode=link gcc  -Wall -miphoneos-version-min=4.2 -std=c99 -arch i386 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp --sysroot='/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator4.2.sdk' -isystem /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator4.2.sdk/usr/include -isystem /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -isystem /usr/local/iphone-simulator-4.2/include -m32 -version-number 3:1:1 -miphoneos-version-min=4.2 -arch i386 --sysroot='/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator4.2.sdk' -L/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator4.2.sdk/usr/lib -L/Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/lib -L/usr/local/iphone-simulator-4.2/lib -m32 -o libqrencode.la -rpath /Users/johnny/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/lib qrencode.lo qrinput.lo bitstream.lo qrspec.lo rscode.lo split.lo mask.lo  
libtool: link: rm -fr  .libs/libqrencode.a
libtool: link: /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin/ar cru .libs/libqrencode.a  qrencode.o qrinput.o bitstream.o qrspec.o rscode.o split.o mask.o
/Developer/usr/bin/ranlib: archive member: .libs/libqrencode.a(bitstream.o) cputype (16777223) does not match previous archive members cputype (7) (all members must match)
/Developer/usr/bin/ranlib: archive member: .libs/libqrencode.a(rscode.o) cputype (16777223) does not match previous archive members cputype (7) (all members must match)
/Developer/usr/bin/ranlib: archive member: .libs/libqrencode.a(split.o) cputype (16777223) does not match previous archive members cputype (7) (all members must match)
libtool: link: /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin/ranlib .libs/libqrencode.a
/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin/ranlib: archive member: .libs/libqrencode.a(bitstream.o) cputype (16777223) does not match previous archive members cputype (7) (all members must match)
/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin/ranlib: archive member: .libs/libqrencode.a(rscode.o) cputype (16777223) does not match previous archive members cputype (7) (all members must match)
/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin/ranlib: archive member: .libs/libqrencode.a(split.o) cputype (16777223) does not match previous archive members cputype (7) (all members must match)
make[2]: *** [libqrencode.la] Error 1
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make: *** [all] Error 2

Answer 1

很抱歉没有帮助您解决编译问题，但似乎您有一个更大的问题：libqrencode是根据LGPL许可的，许多人认为它与Apple的条款不兼容 （ 另一篇关于GPL / LGPL与Apple的条款不兼容的文章 ）。 因此，您可以在应用中使用libqrencode，从而使自己面临法律风险。

Answer 2

好的，最后我有时间完成这个问题。 之前问题解决了，我只是使用了错误的包含路径。 可以使用以下代码成功创建库：

#! /bin/bash

#### Build libqrencode for iPhone-Simulator

unset CPATH
unset C_INCLUDE_PATH
unset CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH
unset OBJC_INCLUDE_PATH
unset LIBS
unset DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH
unset DYLD_FALLBACK_FRAMEWORK_PATH

export SDKVER="4.2"
export DEVROOT="/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer"
export SDKROOT="$DEVROOT/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator$SDKVER.sdk"

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig"
export PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR="$PKG_CONFIG_PATH"
export PREFIX="$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator"
export AS="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/as"
export ASCPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/as"
export AR="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ar"
export RANLIB="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ranlib"
export CPPFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -std=c99 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -I$SDKROOT/usr/include -I$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -I/usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/include -m32"
export CFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -std=c99 -arch i386 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp --sysroot='$SDKROOT' -isystem $SDKROOT/usr/include -isystem $HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -isystem /usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/include -m32"
export CXXFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -std=c99 -arch i386 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp --sysroot='$SDKROOT' -isystem $SDKROOT/usr/include -isystem $HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -isystem /usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/include -m32"
export LDFLAGS="-miphoneos-version-min=$SDKVER -arch i386 --sysroot='$SDKROOT' -L$SDKROOT/usr/lib -L$HOME/Desktop/MyProjects/cocoa/libqrencode/Debug-iphonesimulator/lib -L/usr/local/iphone-simulator-$SDKVER/lib -m32"
export CPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp"
export CXXCPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp"
export CC="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/gcc-4.2"
export CXX="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/g++-4.2"
export LD="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/ld"
export STRIP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/strip"

./configure --prefix="$PREFIX" --host="i386-apple-darwin9" --enable-static --disable-shared

感谢DarkDust再次为您提供所有帮助！