"如何在 setup.py 中指定多个作者\/电子邮件"

Question

我们为 twitter 应用程序编写了一个小包装器，并将此信息发布到http:\/\/pypi.python.org<\/a> 。 但是 setup.py 只包含一个用于指定电子邮件\/作者姓名的字段。 我如何在以下字段中指定多个贡献者\/电子邮件列表，因为我们希望这个包以我们的名字列出，非常类似于它在http:\/\/rubygems.org<\/a>中的显示方式。

   author='foo',
   author_email='foo.bar@gmail.com',

Answer 1

据我所知， setuptools不支持使用字符串列表来指定多个作者。 您最好的选择是将作者列在一个字符串中：

author='Foo Bar, Spam Eggs',
author_email='foobar@baz.com, spameggs@joe.org',

我不确定PyPI是否验证了author_email字段，因此您可能会遇到问题。 无论如何，我建议您将这些限制为单个作者，并在文档或说明中提及所有贡献者。

[编辑]一些消息来源：

实际上，这已被注册为错误 ，但似乎没有实现对多个作者的支持。 这是另一种解决方案。 以下是如何为具有多位作者的项目提供联系电子邮件的想法。

Answer 2

我有点只是抄袭@ modocache的答案，以防你需要一些细节。

在这个答案中，我将引用一个python3.6版本的FOO-PYTHON-ENV\\Lib\\distutils\\dist.py文件

重申一下，您不能在author字段中使用列表。 原因如下：

Spoiler：属于DistributionMetadata类的两个方法是原因 -

def _read_field(name):
    value = msg[name]
    if value == 'UNKNOWN':
        return None
    return value

def _read_list(name):
    values = msg.get_all(name, None)
    if values == []:
        return None
    return values

如果您尝试在author字段中粘贴列表，则会出现错误：

class DistributionMetadata:

#*...(R E D A C T E D)...*#

    def read_pkg_file(self, file):
        """Reads the metadata values from a file object."""
    #*...(R E D A C T E D)...*#
        # ####################################
        # Note the usage of _read_field() here
        # ####################################
        self.name = _read_field('name')
        self.version = _read_field('version')
        self.description = _read_field('summary')
        # we are filling author only.
        self.author = _read_field('author')
        self.maintainer = None
        self.author_email = _read_field('author-email')
        self.maintainer_email = None
        self.url = _read_field('home-page')
        self.license = _read_field('license')
    #*...(R E D A C T E D)...*#
        # ###################################
        # Note the usage of _read_list() here
        # ###################################
        self.platforms = _read_list('platform')
        self.classifiers = _read_list('classifier')
    #*...(R E D A C T E D)...*#

这是整个事情：

class DistributionMetadata:
        """Dummy class to hold the distribution meta-data: name, version,
        author, and so forth.
        """

        _METHOD_BASENAMES = ("name", "version", "author", "author_email",
                     "maintainer", "maintainer_email", "url",
                     "license", "description", "long_description",
                     "keywords", "platforms", "fullname", "contact",
                     "contact_email", "classifiers", "download_url",
                     # PEP 314
                     "provides", "requires", "obsoletes",
                     )

    def __init__(self, path=None):
        if path is not None:
            self.read_pkg_file(open(path))
        else:
            self.name = None
            self.version = None
            self.author = None
            self.author_email = None
            self.maintainer = None
            self.maintainer_email = None
            self.url = None
            self.license = None
            self.description = None
            self.long_description = None
            self.keywords = None
            self.platforms = None
            self.classifiers = None
            self.download_url = None
            # PEP 314
            self.provides = None
            self.requires = None
            self.obsoletes = None

    def read_pkg_file(self, file):
        """Reads the metadata values from a file object."""
        msg = message_from_file(file)

        def _read_field(name):
            value = msg[name]
            if value == 'UNKNOWN':
                return None
            return value

        def _read_list(name):
            values = msg.get_all(name, None)
            if values == []:
                return None
            return values

        metadata_version = msg['metadata-version']
        self.name = _read_field('name')
        self.version = _read_field('version')
        self.description = _read_field('summary')
        # we are filling author only.
        self.author = _read_field('author')
        self.maintainer = None
        self.author_email = _read_field('author-email')
        self.maintainer_email = None
        self.url = _read_field('home-page')
        self.license = _read_field('license')

        if 'download-url' in msg:
            self.download_url = _read_field('download-url')
        else:
            self.download_url = None

        self.long_description = _read_field('description')
        self.description = _read_field('summary')

        if 'keywords' in msg:
            self.keywords = _read_field('keywords').split(',')

        self.platforms = _read_list('platform')
        self.classifiers = _read_list('classifier')

        # PEP 314 - these fields only exist in 1.1
        if metadata_version == '1.1':
            self.requires = _read_list('requires')
            self.provides = _read_list('provides')
            self.obsoletes = _read_list('obsoletes')
        else:
            self.requires = None
            self.provides = None
            self.obsoletes = None

Answer 3

考虑使用flit<\/strong><\/a>来构建包，因为这个构建系统支持多个作者和维护者。 将此元数据存储在pyproject.toml<\/code><\/a>中，如下所示：

[build-system]
requires = ["flit_core >=3.2,<4"]
build-backend = "flit_core.buildapi"

[project]
...
authors = [
    {name = "First1 Last1", email = "name1@foo.bar"},
    {name = "First2 Last2", email = "name2@foo.bar"},
]
maintainers = [
    {name = "First1 Last1", email = "name1@foo.bar"},
    {name = "First2 Last2", email = "name2@foo.bar"},
]