Django 创建测试数据库时测试失败

Question

它因许多与 related_name 相关的问题而失败。 当然，当运行实际的开发服务器时（使用./manage.py runserver ）这不会发生，我猜也许模型被生成了两次？ 我正在运行 psycopg2 2.4.1，这是我的测试 output：

(venv)lacrymology@Roller:boilerplate$ ./manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
Error: One or more models did not validate:
l10n.address: Accessor for field 'user_shipping' clashes with related field 'User.shipping_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_shipping'.
l10n.address: Reverse query name for field 'user_shipping' clashes with related field 'User.shipping_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_shipping'.
l10n.address: Accessor for field 'user_billing' clashes with related field 'User.billing_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_billing'.
l10n.address: Reverse query name for field 'user_billing' clashes with related field 'User.billing_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_billing'.
custom_registration.profile: Accessor for field 'user' clashes with related field 'User.profile'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user'.
custom_registration.profile: Reverse query name for field 'user' clashes with related field 'User.profile'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user'.
addressmodel.address: Accessor for field 'user_shipping' clashes with related field 'User.shipping_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_shipping'.
addressmodel.address: Reverse query name for field 'user_shipping' clashes with related field 'User.shipping_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_shipping'.
addressmodel.address: Accessor for field 'user_billing' clashes with related field 'User.billing_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_billing'.
addressmodel.address: Reverse query name for field 'user_billing' clashes with related field 'User.billing_address'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user_billing'.
profiles.profile: Accessor for field 'user' clashes with related field 'User.profile'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user'.
profiles.profile: Reverse query name for field 'user' clashes with related field 'User.profile'. Add a related_name argument to the definition for 'user'.

Answer 1

很有可能您的 test.py 导入的应用程序不在 INSTALLED_APP 内，但有一些 model 字段指向冲突的 model。尝试在 test.py 中导入但不在 INSTALLED_APPS 内的应用程序内使用 grep user_shipping ，然后替换它。

./manage.py validate将由./manage.py runserver内部调用，仅检查从 INSTALLED_APP 内的应用程序加载的模型，因此当您运行 devserver 时没有错误。 但是，在 test.py 中导入将导致加载额外模型的未安装应用程序（如果有），然后发生碰撞。

Answer 2

这是 django-shop 测试的一个问题，如评论中所述： Django test fails when creating test database

如果不更改应用程序的代码，我找不到解决它的办法，所以我最终只测试了我自己的应用程序（运行./manage.py test myapp而不是./manage.py test