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无法调试使用并发异步/等待的程序

[英]Unable to debug a program that uses concurrent async / await

对这个程序的观察:

  • 在此程序中缓慢按F11不会显示ProcessURL()每次执行

  • 通过该程序快速按F11键可显示更多执行的ProcessURL()

  • 使用Thread.Sleep(3000); ProcessURL中的结果导致MainUI线程挂起大约30秒。 没有UI重绘,并且“取消”按钮不可用。

需求:

  • 我想逐步执行ProcessURL的每一个步骤,或者使用本机Visual Studio工具或开源插件将其可视化

在此处输入图片说明

可在此处下载

namespace ProcessTasksAsTheyFinish
{
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        // Declare a System.Threading.CancellationTokenSource.
        CancellationTokenSource cts;

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private async void startButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            resultsTextBox.Clear();

            // Instantiate the CancellationTokenSource.
            cts = new CancellationTokenSource();

            try
            {
                await AccessTheWebAsync(cts.Token);
                resultsTextBox.Text += "\r\nDownloads complete.";
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException)
            {
                resultsTextBox.Text += "\r\nDownloads canceled.\r\n";
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                resultsTextBox.Text += "\r\nDownloads failed.\r\n";
            }

            cts = null;
        }


        private void cancelButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (cts != null)
            {
                cts.Cancel();
            }
        }


        async Task AccessTheWebAsync(CancellationToken ct)
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

            // Make a list of web addresses.
            List<string> urlList = SetUpURLList();

            // ***Create a query that, when executed, returns a collection of tasks.
            IEnumerable<Task<int>> downloadTasksQuery =
                from url in urlList select ProcessURL(url, client, ct);

            // ***Use ToList to execute the query and start the tasks. 
            List<Task<int>> downloadTasks = downloadTasksQuery.ToList();

            // ***Add a loop to process the tasks one at a time until none remain.
            while (downloadTasks.Count > 0)
            {
                    // Identify the first task that completes.
                    Task<int> firstFinishedTask = await Task.WhenAny(downloadTasks);

                    // ***Remove the selected task from the list so that you don't
                    // process it more than once.
                    downloadTasks.Remove(firstFinishedTask);

                    // Await the completed task.
                    int length = await firstFinishedTask;
                    resultsTextBox.Text += String.Format
                        ("\r\nLength of the download:  {0}", length);
            }
        }


        private List<string> SetUpURLList()
        {
            List<string> urls = new List<string> 
            { 
                "http://msdn.microsoft.com",
                "http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/apps/br211380.aspx",
                "http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh290136.aspx",
                "http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd470362.aspx",
                "http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa578028.aspx",
                "http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms404677.aspx",
                "http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff730837.aspx"
            };
            return urls;
        }


        async Task<int> ProcessURL(string url, HttpClient client, CancellationToken ct)
        {
            // GetAsync returns a Task<HttpResponseMessage>. 
            HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(url, ct);
            // Retrieve the website contents from the HttpResponseMessage.
            byte[] urlContents = await response.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync();

            return urlContents.Length;
        }
    }
}

假设将对Thread.Sleep的调用放在await调用之前 ,则完全可以确定UI线程已锁定:您正在阻止它。 您的ProcessURL方法将同步执行,直到您为尚未完成的操作命中第一个await表达式为止。 当到达那里时,它将附加一个延续,然后返回。

因此,如果在等待之前进行了Thread.Sleep调用,则在执行LINQ查询时(当您调用ToList ,您将连续调用该方法7次,每次在UI线程中休眠3秒钟。UI)将被锁定了,而这种情况发生。如果你把Thread.Sleep await ,那么UI将仍然被锁定在相同的时间,但在小爆发。

Thread.Sleep的异步等效项是使用Task.Delay

await Task.Delay(3000);

基本上,这会立即返回,并附加一个持续时间,它将在3秒内触发。

(我不知道有关调试的问题-我不会尝试调试大多数那些语句的......这不是很清楚,我正是你所试图达到或为什么在断点。 ProcessURL应该得到命中每个网址。)

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