无法访问 postgres 文件 pg_hba.conf

Question

当我运行 db:create 时出现此错误：

FATAL:  Peer authentication failed for user "wandrr"
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1208:in `initialize'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1208:in `new'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1208:in `connect'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:326:in `initialize'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `new'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `postgresql_connection'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:315:in `new_connection'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:325:in `checkout_new_connection'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:247:in `block (2 levels) in checkout'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `loop'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `block in checkout'
/home/jack/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:239:in `checkout'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:102:in `block in connection'
/home/jack/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:101:in `connection'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:410:in `retrieve_connection'
....Edit out 40 more of these warnings...
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
/home/jack/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'
Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"wandrr_test", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"wandrr", "password"=>nil}

我发现我必须编辑 pg_hba.conf。 问题是打不开。 它一直告诉我我没有使用该文件的权限。 那么我如何获得许可？ 我正在运行 ubuntu 12.10、rails 1.9.3 和 postgres 9.1。

Answer 1

首先记下pg_hba.conf在您系统上的位置。 如果你不知道但你可以连接，使用 PgAdmin-III 或psql连接到 Pg 并运行：

SHOW hba_file;

获取pg_hba.conf的位置。 它的位置非常标准； 在 Ubuntu 上它将位于/etc/postgresql/[major.minor]/main/pg_hba.conf例如/etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf 。 在大多数其他发行版中，它将位于/var/lib/pgsql/或/var/lib/postgresql下，直接或在版本化目录中。

要编辑此文件，您必须首先指定完整路径或将目录更改为其位置。 说：

sudo vi /etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf

如果您更喜欢更友好的文本编辑器：

sudo nano /etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf

或者用你喜欢的编辑器替换“nano”，比如gedit 。

保存更改后，请记住重新加载 PostgreSQL 服务以使它们生效。 在你想要的 Ubuntu 上：

pg_ctlcluster 9.1 main reload

Answer 2

听从 Crag 的建议效果很好。

对于他的最后一步，您必须使用 sudo 进入数据库超级用户才能重新加载 PostgreSQL 服务：

sudo -u postres pg_ctlcluster 9.1 main reload

这些步骤也适用于 Debian Sid 系统。

Answer 3

要编辑pg_hba.conf ，您可以尝试以postgres用户身份进行编辑：

• 切换到postgres用户

  sudo su postgres

• 运行psql

• SHOW hba_file; 作为 psql 中的查询以获取位置
• nano *the file location* （不是sudo nano因为它将尝试以 root 用户身份进行编辑操作）