非交互地使用pexpect和passwd更改密码？

Question

我正在尝试学习python以非交互方式更改用户密码，但是似乎没有任何效果。
python的pexepect模块似乎很有前途，所以我只是尝试使用它。
本教程很好，但是不起作用。
互联网上有很多与此相关的代码，但似乎没有一个起作用。
我的代码也没有：

#!/usr/bin/python
import pexpect
import time
def ChangePassword(user, pass):
    passwd = pexpect.spawn("/usr/bin/passwd %s" % user)

    for x in xrange(2):
        # wait for password: to come out of passwd's stdout
        passwd.expect("password: ")
        # send pass to passwd's stdin
        passwd.sendline(pass)
        time.sleep(0.1)

ChangePassword('rajesh', 'bar') # changes user "foo"'s password to "bar"

错误：

bash-3.00# ./solpas7.py
  File "./solpas7.py", line 4
    def ChangePassword(user, pass):
                                ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

编辑：我将通行证更改为pa，但不是很多，密码也没有更改。

bash-3.00# ./solpas7.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./solpas7.py", line 14, in ?
    ChangePassword('rajesh', 'bar') # changes user "foo"'s password to "bar"
  File "./solpas7.py", line 9, in ChangePassword
    passwd.expect("password: ")
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/pexpect.py", line 1311, in expect
    return self.expect_list(compiled_pattern_list, timeout, searchwindowsize)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/pexpect.py", line 1325, in expect_list
    return self.expect_loop(searcher_re(pattern_list), timeout, searchwindowsize                                              )
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/pexpect.py", line 1409, in expect_loop
    raise TIMEOUT (str(e) + '\n' + str(self))
pexpect.TIMEOUT: Timeout exceeded in read_nonblocking().
<pexpect.spawn object at 0x80e306c>
version: 2.3 ($Revision: 399 $)
command: /usr/bin/passwd
args: ['/usr/bin/passwd', 'rajesh']
searcher: searcher_re:
    0: re.compile("password: ")
buffer (last 100 chars): New Password:
before (last 100 chars): New Password:
after: pexpect.TIMEOUT
match: None
match_index: None
exitstatus: None
flag_eof: False
pid: 4683
child_fd: 3
closed: False
timeout: 30
delimiter: pexpect.EOF
logfile: None
logfile_read: None
logfile_send: None
maxread: 2000
ignorecase: False
searchwindowsize: None
delaybeforesend: 0.05
delayafterclose: 0.1
delayafterterminate: 0.1

Answer 1

您不能将pass用作变量名。 这是一个保留关键字。

编辑：pexpect正在等待字符串"password: "但是正如您可以从错误消息中看出的那样， passwd输出"New Password: " （注意大写字母p）。

buffer (last 100 chars): New Password:
before (last 100 chars): New Password:

代替passwd.expect("password: ")您需要使用passwd.expect("Password: ") 。

Answer 2

您还可以使用此选项使搜索不区分大小写：

passwd.expect('(?i)password:')