從VID / PID查找USB驅動器盤符（需要XP及更高版本）

Question

所以我想我會在這里包括最終答案，所以你不必理解這篇文章。 非常感謝Simon Mourier抽出時間來解決這個問題。

我的工作代碼

        try
        {
            //Get a list of available devices attached to the USB hub
            List<string> disks = new List<string>();
            var usbDevices = GetUSBDevices();

            //Enumerate the USB devices to see if any have specific VID/PID
            foreach (var usbDevice in usbDevices)
            {
                if (usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_PID) && usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_VID))
                {
                    foreach (string name in usbDevice.GetDiskNames())
                    {
                        //Open dialog to show file names
                        textbox1.Text = name.ToString();
                    }
                }                   
            }

所以只需使用原始問題中的GetUSBDevices ，然后包含Simon Mourier回答所顯示的兩個類，它應該不錯！

---

原始問題

我知道之前已經問過這個問題（見這里 ）但是他們都沒有得到確認答案，我已經嘗試了所有建議的答案。 不幸的是，這些線程已經很久了，我希望有人能在這里給出更好的答案。

到目前為止，我有兩個“起點”，我將在下面展示。

---

選項1 :(獲取VID / PID但不是驅動器號）

我有一個嵌入式設備，我通過應用程序連接到該設備。 我有代碼可以成功掃描任何USB設備並檢查VID/PID 。 我成功檢測到我的設備，但我不知道如何獲取驅動器號。 有人可以幫我嗎？ 我覺得我可以在class添加另一行，但是當我通過Device Manager我找不到任何描述驅動器號的屬性。

謝謝！

到目前為止，我將包含我的代碼。

private void tsDownload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        var usbDevices = GetUSBDevices();

        foreach (var usbDevice in usbDevices)
        {
            if (usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_PID) && usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_VID))
            {                    
                //Find drive letter here
            }
        }
    }

這些功能是：

 static List<USBDeviceInfo> GetUSBDevices()
    {
      List<USBDeviceInfo> devices = new List<USBDeviceInfo>();

      ManagementObjectCollection collection;
      using (var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(@"Select * From Win32_USBHub"))
        collection = searcher.Get();      

      foreach (var device in collection)
      {
        devices.Add(new USBDeviceInfo(
        (string)device.GetPropertyValue("DeviceID"),
        (string)device.GetPropertyValue("PNPDeviceID"),
        (string)device.GetPropertyValue("Description")            
        ));
      }

      collection.Dispose();
      return devices;
    }      

而且課程是：

class USBDeviceInfo
{
    public USBDeviceInfo(string deviceID, string pnpDeviceID, string description)
    {
      this.DeviceID = deviceID;
      this.PnpDeviceID = pnpDeviceID;
      this.Description = description;
    }
    public string DeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string PnpDeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string Description { get; private set; }
}

---

選項2 :(獲取驅動器號而不是VID / PID）

foreach (ManagementObject drive in new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from Win32_DiskDrive where InterfaceType='USB'").Get())
            {
                foreach(ManagementObject partition in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='" + drive["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition").Get())
                {
                    foreach (ManagementObject disk in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='" + partition["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition").Get())
                    {
                        textBox1.Text = disk["Name"].ToString();

                    }
                }
            }

我要猜測VID / PID是在其中一個disk對象屬性中，但我找不到哪一個。

Answer 1

我可能會弄錯，但似乎WMI不知道Windows設備安裝API中存在的父子關系。

因此，我創建了一個小型Device實用程序類，可以從本機Setup API添加此缺少的鏈接。 以下是在原始USBDeviceInfo類中使用它的方法：

class USBDeviceInfo
{
    public USBDeviceInfo(string deviceID, string pnpDeviceID, string description)
    {
        this.DeviceID = deviceID;
        this.PnpDeviceID = pnpDeviceID;
        this.Description = description;
    }

    public string DeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string PnpDeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string Description { get; private set; }

    public IEnumerable<string> GetDiskNames()
    {
        using (Device device = Device.Get(PnpDeviceID))
        {
            // get children devices
            foreach (string childDeviceId in device.ChildrenPnpDeviceIds)
            {
                // get the drive object that correspond to this id (escape the id)
                foreach (ManagementObject drive in new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT DeviceID FROM Win32_DiskDrive WHERE PNPDeviceID='" + childDeviceId.Replace(@"\", @"\\") + "'").Get())
                {
                    // associate physical disks with partitions
                    foreach (ManagementObject partition in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='" + drive["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass=Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition").Get())
                    {
                        // associate partitions with logical disks (drive letter volumes)
                        foreach (ManagementObject disk in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='" + partition["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass=Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition").Get())
                        {
                            yield return (string)disk["DeviceID"];
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

這是新的Device類：

public sealed class Device : IDisposable
{
    private IntPtr _hDevInfo;
    private SP_DEVINFO_DATA _data;

    private Device(IntPtr hDevInfo, SP_DEVINFO_DATA data)
    {
        _hDevInfo = hDevInfo;
        _data = data;
    }

    public static Device Get(string pnpDeviceId)
    {
        if (pnpDeviceId == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("pnpDeviceId");

        IntPtr hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(IntPtr.Zero, pnpDeviceId, IntPtr.Zero, DIGCF.DIGCF_ALLCLASSES | DIGCF.DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
        if (hDevInfo == (IntPtr)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());

        SP_DEVINFO_DATA data = new SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
        data.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(data);
        if (!SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDevInfo, 0, ref data))
        {
            int err = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
            if (err == ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS)
                return null;

            throw new Win32Exception(err);
        }

        return new Device(hDevInfo, data) {PnpDeviceId = pnpDeviceId};
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        if (_hDevInfo != IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(_hDevInfo);
            _hDevInfo = IntPtr.Zero;
        }
    }

    public string PnpDeviceId { get; private set; }

    public string ParentPnpDeviceId
    {
        get
        {
            if (IsVistaOrHiger)
                return GetStringProperty(DEVPROPKEY.DEVPKEY_Device_Parent);

            uint parent;
            int cr = CM_Get_Parent(out parent, _data.DevInst, 0);
            if (cr != 0)
                throw new Exception("CM Error:" + cr);

            return GetDeviceId(parent);
        }
    }

    private static string GetDeviceId(uint inst)
    {
        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(MAX_DEVICE_ID_LEN + 1);
        int cr = CM_Get_Device_ID(inst, buffer, MAX_DEVICE_ID_LEN + 1, 0);
        if (cr != 0)
            throw new Exception("CM Error:" + cr);

        try
        {
            return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(buffer);
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(buffer);
        }
    }

    public string[] ChildrenPnpDeviceIds
    {
        get
        {
            if (IsVistaOrHiger)
                return GetStringListProperty(DEVPROPKEY.DEVPKEY_Device_Children);

            uint child;
            int cr = CM_Get_Child(out child, _data.DevInst, 0);
            if (cr != 0)
                return new string[0];

            List<string> ids = new List<string>();
            ids.Add(GetDeviceId(child));
            do
            {
                cr = CM_Get_Sibling(out child, child, 0);
                if (cr != 0)
                    return ids.ToArray();

                ids.Add(GetDeviceId(child));
            }
            while (true);
        }
    }

    private static bool IsVistaOrHiger
    {
        get
        {
            return (Environment.OSVersion.Platform == PlatformID.Win32NT && Environment.OSVersion.Version.CompareTo(new Version(6, 0)) >= 0);
        }
    }

    private const int INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;
    private const int ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS = 259;
    private const int MAX_DEVICE_ID_LEN = 200;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct SP_DEVINFO_DATA
    {
        public int cbSize;
        public Guid ClassGuid;
        public uint DevInst;
        public IntPtr Reserved;
    }

    [Flags]
    private enum DIGCF : uint
    {
        DIGCF_DEFAULT = 0x00000001,
        DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x00000002,
        DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = 0x00000004,
        DIGCF_PROFILE = 0x00000008,
        DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x00000010,
    }

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern bool SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, uint MemberIndex, ref SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs(IntPtr ClassGuid, string Enumerator, IntPtr hwndParent, DIGCF Flags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Parent(out uint pdnDevInst, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Device_ID(uint dnDevInst, IntPtr Buffer, int BufferLen, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Child(out uint pdnDevInst, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Sibling(out uint pdnDevInst, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern bool SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet);

    // vista and higher
    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true, EntryPoint = "SetupDiGetDevicePropertyW")]
    private static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, ref SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData, ref DEVPROPKEY propertyKey, out int propertyType, IntPtr propertyBuffer, int propertyBufferSize, out int requiredSize, int flags);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct DEVPROPKEY
    {
        public Guid fmtid;
        public uint pid;

        // from devpkey.h
        public static readonly DEVPROPKEY DEVPKEY_Device_Parent = new DEVPROPKEY { fmtid = new Guid("{4340A6C5-93FA-4706-972C-7B648008A5A7}"), pid = 8 };
        public static readonly DEVPROPKEY DEVPKEY_Device_Children = new DEVPROPKEY { fmtid = new Guid("{4340A6C5-93FA-4706-972C-7B648008A5A7}"), pid = 9 };
    }

    private string[] GetStringListProperty(DEVPROPKEY key)
    {
        int type;
        int size;
        SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out size, 0);
        if (size == 0)
            return new string[0];

        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);
        try
        {
            if (!SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, buffer, size, out size, 0))
                throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());

            List<string> strings = new List<string>();
            IntPtr current = buffer;
            do
            {
                string s = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(current);
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s))
                    break;

                strings.Add(s);
                current += (1 + s.Length) * 2;
            }
            while (true);
            return strings.ToArray();
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(buffer);
        }
    }

    private string GetStringProperty(DEVPROPKEY key)
    {
        int type;
        int size;
        SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out size, 0);
        if (size == 0)
            return null;

        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);
        try
        {
            if (!SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, buffer, size, out size, 0))
                throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());

            return Marshal.PtrToStringUni(buffer);
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(buffer);
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

我有同樣的問題，瀏覽WMI並沒有幫助我，真的。

但我最終得到了這幾行代碼，它對我很有用：

private string GetAvailableStorageDrive()
{
    foreach (var info in System.IO.DriveInfo.GetDrives())
    {
        if (info.DriveType == System.IO.DriveType.Removable && 
             info.IsReady && 
            !info.Name.Equals("A:\\"))
        {
            return info.Name;
        }
    }
    return string.Empty;
}

基本上，上面的函數查看DriveType是否Removable以及Drive是否准備就緒。 我還排除了驅動器號'A'，因為在默認的Windows環境中，這是軟盤。

DriveType.Removable的描述：

該驅動器是可移動存儲設備，例如軟盤驅動器或USB閃存驅動器。

注意：正如CodeCaster所指出的，此功能還將返回可移動存儲設備，如SATA。 因此，如果是這種情況，您將不得不研究其他人提供的更復雜的解決方案。

Answer 3

有一個古老的Win32 API用於設備枚舉，它曾經是安裝程序API的一部分，但已經廢棄 - 我只知道它的存在，不是它的用法，但希望它會有所幫助：

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff551015(v=vs.85).aspx

SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL結構是您的最終目標：它具有實際的設備路徑。 然而，到達那里的路徑......它都是PInvoke，從簽名看起來相當討厭，但這里有一些參考：

PInvoke簽名：

http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/setupapi/SetupDiGetClassDevs.html http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/setupapi/SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces.html http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/setupapi/SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail。 HTML

結構映射：

http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/Structures/SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA.html http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/Structures/SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA.html

哦，我發現了一些示例用法（在C ++中，但可以翻譯）：

http://oroboro.com/usb-serial-number/