從文本文件中創建列表並比較列表

Question

full.txt包含：

www.example.com/a.jpg
www.example.com/b.jpg
www.example.com/k.jpg
www.example.com/n.jpg
www.example.com/x.jpg

partial.txt包含：

a.jpg
k.jpg

為什么以下代碼無法提供預期的結果？

with open ('full.txt', 'r') as infile:
        lines_full=[line for line in infile]

with open ('partial.txt', 'r') as infile:
    lines_partial=[line for line in infile]    

with open ('remaining.txt', 'w') as outfile:
    for element in lines_full:
        if element[16:21] not in lines_partial: #element[16:21] means like a.jpg
            outfile.write (element)  

所需的剩余.txt應具有完全位於部分.txt中的完全.txt元素，如下所示：

www.example.com/b.jpg
www.example.com/n.jpg
www.example.com/x.jpg

Answer 1

此代碼將在每行末尾包含換行符，這意味着它將永遠不會與"a.jpg"或"k.jpg"精確匹配。

with open ('partial.txt', 'r') as infile:
    lines_partial=[line for line in infile]

更改為

with open ('partial.txt', 'r') as infile:
    lines_partial=[line[:-1] for line in infile]

刪除換行符（ line[:-1]意思是“沒有該行的最后一個字符”）

Answer 2

您可以使用os.path庫：

from os import path

with open ('full.txt', 'r') as f:
    lines_full = f.read().splitlines()

with open ('partial.txt', 'r') as f:
    lines_partial = set(f.read().splitlines())  # create set for faster checking

lines_new = [x + '\n' for x in lines_full if path.split(x)[1] not in lines_partial]

with open('remaining.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.writelines(lines_new)