Haskell中函數組合的運行時

Question

是否

reverse . sort

要么

sortBy

嘗試按降序排序整數列表時運行得更快？

Answer 1

我使用(reverse . sort)和(sortBy (comparing Down))掀起了Criterion測試排序。 排序列表是有序的和反向排序的（應該是最差和最好的情況，不一定按順序排列）。

碼

import Criterion
import Criterion.Main

import Data.List
import Data.Ord

main :: IO ()
main = defaultMain [ bench "Sort, forward" (whnf (reverse . sort) ([1..10000] :: [Int]))
                   , bench "Sort, backward" (whnf (reverse . sort) ([10000,9999..1] :: [Int]))
                   , bench "sortby, forward" (whnf (sortBy (comparing Down)) ([1..10000] :: [Int]))
                   , bench "sortby, backward" (whnf (sortBy (comparing Down))  ([10000,9999..1] :: [Int]))
                   ]

{-
warming up
estimating clock resolution...
mean is 2.290904 us (320001 iterations)
found 79468 outliers among 319999 samples (24.8%)
  734 (0.2%) low severe
  78734 (24.6%) high severe
estimating cost of a clock call...
mean is 512.8809 ns (23 iterations)
found 4 outliers among 23 samples (17.4%)
  2 (8.7%) high mild
  2 (8.7%) high severe

benchmarking Sort, forward
mean: 551.4973 us, lb 549.7330 us, ub 553.6538 us, ci 0.950
std dev: 9.998922 us, lb 8.400519 us, ub 12.37726 us, ci 0.950
found 4 outliers among 100 samples (4.0%)
  4 (4.0%) high mild
variance introduced by outliers: 11.316%
variance is moderately inflated by outliers

benchmarking Sort, backward
mean: 307.6627 us, lb 306.6471 us, ub 308.9350 us, ci 0.950
std dev: 5.790552 us, lb 4.777178 us, ub 7.103792 us, ci 0.950
found 9 outliers among 100 samples (9.0%)
  7 (7.0%) high mild
  2 (2.0%) high severe
variance introduced by outliers: 11.365%
variance is moderately inflated by outliers

benchmarking sortby, forward
mean: 168.2486 us, lb 167.7343 us, ub 168.8683 us, ci 0.950
std dev: 2.880548 us, lb 2.448853 us, ub 3.394461 us, ci 0.950
found 4 outliers among 100 samples (4.0%)
  4 (4.0%) high mild
variance introduced by outliers: 9.467%
variance is slightly inflated by outliers

benchmarking sortby, backward
mean: 262.6001 us, lb 261.3540 us, ub 264.1395 us, ci 0.950
std dev: 7.096662 us, lb 6.053786 us, ub 8.634885 us, ci 0.950
found 3 outliers among 100 samples (3.0%)
  3 (3.0%) high mild
variance introduced by outliers: 20.965%
variance is moderately inflated by outliers
-}

總結結果

反向列表很昂貴。 reverse的最佳案例測試仍然比sortBy的最壞情況顯着（統計上）慢。

平均運行時間是：

• 排序，最壞的情況： 552us
• 排序，最好的情況： 308us
• sortBy，最壞的情況： 263us
• sortBy，最好的情況： 168us

Answer 2

是否

reverse . sort

要么

sortBy

嘗試按降序排序整數列表時運行得更快？

sortBy會更快。 reverse遍歷整個列表， reverse . sort reverse . sort將遍歷整個列表兩次。 事實上，另一個答案的基准測試非常接近reverse . sort兩倍reverse . sort reverse . sort ！ 如果你使用sortBy你只需要翻轉比較測試，所以它在所有情況下都是首選。