使用從文件中讀取的列表創建列 Python

Question

我目前正在從 Starting Out with Programming Logic & Design, Third Edition 做一個問題：

Springfork 業余高爾夫俱樂部每個周末都會舉辦一場錦標賽。 俱樂部主席要你設計兩個程序。 (1) 一個程序，它將讀取每個玩家的姓名和高爾夫得分作為鍵盤輸入，然后將這些作為記錄保存在名為 golf.dat 的文件中。 （每條記錄都有一個球員姓名字段和一個球員得分字段。） (2) 從 golf.dat 文件中讀取記錄並顯示它們的程序。

我已經創建了第一個沒問題。 第二個我遇到了麻煩。 這是我的代碼：

    # main module/function
def main():

        # opens the "golf.txt" file created in the Golf Player Input python
        # in read-only mode
    inGolf = open('golf.txt', 'r')
        # reads the player array from the file
    player = inGolf.read()
        # reads the score array from the file
    score = inGolf.read()
        # prints the names and scores

    print player + "   " + score

        # closes the file    
    inGolf.close()

    # calls main function
main()

我在顯示玩家姓名和分數時遇到問題。 我的方式顯示如下：

bob1bill2joe3will4mike5 

我的第一個程序中的列表代碼是這樣的：

        # loop to get names and scores, both of which are saved in array
counter = 0
while counter < numPlayers:
        # gets the players' names
    player[counter] = raw_input("Please enter the player's name.")
        # writes the names to the file
    outGolf.write(player[counter] )
        # gets the players' scores
    score[counter] = input("Please enter that player's score.")
        # writes the scores to the file
    outGolf.write(str(score[counter]) )
    counter = counter + 1

基本上，我的問題是如何在兩個漂亮的列中顯示玩家的姓名和分數。 我輸入的代碼或 output 代碼有問題嗎？

我查看了一堆處理格式化列的答案，一切都比我的目的更復雜。 這是關於計算機編程的介紹 class，所以我需要一個簡單的修復！

Answer 1

請加

print player + "   " + score + "\n"

這將解決您的第一個問題。

如果要對字符串進行更多格式化，則字符串具有格式化功能

字符串格式化操作

您正在以簡單格式存儲數據。 如果您使用CSV，那么它很容易閱讀。

Answer 2

首先，寫入文件的代碼應為

# loop to get names and scores, both of which are saved in array
counter = 0
while counter < numPlayers:
    # gets the players' names
    player = raw_input("Please enter the player's name.")
    # gets the players' scores
    score = input("Please enter that player's score.")

    # Write the scores to the file in a comma-separated format
    outGolf.write(player+','+score+'\n')
    counter = counter + 1

然后，當你想做一個漂亮的展示

# main module/function
def main():
    # opens the "golf.txt" file created in the Golf Player Input python
    # in read-only mode
    inGolf = open('golf.txt', 'r')
    # reads the player array from the file
    allRecords = inGolf.readlines()
    # print the data
    for record in allRecords:
        player = record.split(',')[0]
        score = record.split(',')[1]

        print player + "\t" + score + "\n"

    # closes the file    
inGolf.close()

# calls main function
main()

Answer 3

您可以嘗試這樣的事情：

def main():
    inGolf = open('golf.txt', 'r')
    names = [] # to store names
    scores = [] # to store scores
    for line in inGolf: # reads file line by line
        line_list = line.split(",") # list formed by each word (separated by comma) 
        names.append(line_list[0]) # append to respective list
        scores.append(line_list[1])

    for i in range(len(names)): # printing
        print "{0:20}{1:10}".format(names[i], scores[i]) # 20 and 10 are the field length

    inGolf.close()

def w(numPlayers): # to write the file
    counter = 0
    outGolf = open('golf.txt', 'w')
    while counter < numPlayers:
        name = raw_input("Please enter the player's name:")
        outGolf.write(name + ",") # separate name and score by a comma
        score = input("Please enter that player's score:")
        outGolf.write(str(score) + "\n") # just add a "\n" to write in different line next time
        counter = counter + 1
    outGolf.close()

w(2)
main()

Answer 4

沒有參數的file.read（）方法將讀取文件直到EOF（文件結束），因此在您的示例中， score將為空字符串，並且player == bob1bill2joe3will4mike5 。 並且最好添加行尾字符（'\\ n'），以便您可以遍歷文件的內容。

Answer 5

對於這個問題——讀取文件的正確答案比我最初想的要簡單一些：

file=open('golf.txt','r')
name=True
for line in file:
 if name:
        print('Name:'+line,end='')
 else:
        print('Score:'+line)
 name = not name

 file.close()