如何分解python中的單詞？

Question

我已經用python編寫了一個程序，該程序接受字母，數字和字符，然后將它們轉換為摩爾斯電碼。 該程序是為我的樹莓派編寫的，並且使LED閃爍。 麻煩在於，此時用戶必須在鍵入每個字符后按Enter鍵。 我想這樣做，以便用戶可以輸入整個單詞和句子，然后以莫爾斯電碼顯示出來，但是我不確定如何將單詞分解。

這是下面的代碼，希望您能理解並幫助我：

print'Welcome to the Morse translator'
print'Enter the characters one by one pressing enter each time' 
print'Enter the GPIO pin number that you would like to use'  
pin = int (input())
while True:
   name = raw_input("Enter a letter, number or character to see it in morse:      ")
   print name

   import RPi.GPIO as gpio
   import time

   gpio.setmode(gpio.BCM)
   gpio.setup(pin, gpio.OUT)

   def dot():
      gpio.output(pin, gpio.HIGH)
      time.sleep(0.25)
      gpio.output(pin, gpio.LOW)
      time.sleep(0.25)

   def dash():
      gpio.output(pin, gpio.HIGH)
      time.sleep(0.75)
      gpio.output(pin, gpio.LOW)
      time.sleep(0.25)

   def e():
      time.sleep(0.75)



   if (name=='a'):
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='b'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='c'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='d'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='e'):
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='f'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='g'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='h'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='i'):
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='j'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='k'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='l'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='m'):
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='n'):
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='o'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='p'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='q'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='r'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='s'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='t'):
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='u'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='v'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='w'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='x'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='y'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='z'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='1'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='2'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='3'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='4'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='5'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='6'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='7'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='8'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='9'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='0'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()   
   elif (name=='.'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name==','):
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name==':'):
      dash()
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='?'):
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='-'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='/'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='(' or ')'):
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name=='@'):
      dot()
      dash()
      dash()
      dot()
      dash()
      dot()
      e()
   elif (name=='='):
      dash()
      dot()
      dot()
      dot()
      dash()
      e()
   elif (name==' '):
      e()
      e()
      e()
      e()
      e()
      e()
      e()
   else:
      print'This character is not supported'

   gpio.cleanup()

Answer 1

字符串基本上是字符列表，因此您可以遍歷它們以分隔每個字符。

>>> name = 'This is a test'
>>> c = list()
>>> for x in name:
       c.append(x)
>>> print c
['T', 'h', 'i', 's', ' ', 'i', 's', ' ', 'a', ' ', 't', 'e', 's', 't']

或作為列表理解：

>>> c = [x for x in name ]
>>> print c
['T', 'h', 'i', 's', ' ', 'i', 's', ' ', 'a', ' ', 't', 'e', 's', 't']

此外，我將編寫一個單獨的函數將每個字符轉換為摩爾斯信號：

>>> def char_to_morse(char):
        signals = {'a':[dash, dot] ...}
        for f in signals: f()

最后通過以下方式調用它：

>>> for x in name: char_to_morse(x)

Answer 2

帶上您的name變量，對每個單詞的長度運行for循環，在if循環中運行每個字符？