通過Java中的數組接受輸入

Question

我正在嘗試讓用戶輸入數字數組（=學生的分數）。 同樣，用戶自己將決定數組的大小，即班上的學生人數。 接受了每個學生的分數后，我想將它們存儲在一個數組中，顯示所有學生的分數，並計算班級的平均值。 稍后會達到平均水平。 有人可以幫我解決這段（顯然是錯誤的）代碼，謝謝！

package chapter2.Arrays;
import java.util.*;

public class Arrays_ExampleOne {

static int size;
static int marks;
static int [] numbers=new int [size];
static Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);


public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    System.out.println("Welcome to Cincinnati Elementary");
    System.out.println("Class report details for ");
    System.out.println("Enter the number of students in the class");
    size=in.nextInt();
    System.out.println("Enter the marks of each student");
    for(int i=0;i<=size;i++)
    {
    numbers[i]=in.nextInt();    
    }

/*  System.out.println("The marks of all students are"+ " ");
    {
    for(int i=0;i<=size;i++)
    {
        System.out.print(numbers[i]);
    }
    System.out.println();

    }
    //int avg=
    */}
}

================================================== =========

修改后的代碼，希望在main之外創建一個函數以計算數組的平均值：

package chapter2.Arrays;
import java.util.*;

public class Arrays_ExampleOne {

/*static int size;
static int marks;
static int [] numbers=new int [size];*/
static Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        System.out.println("Welcome to Cincinnati Elementary");
        System.out.println("Class report details for ");
        System.out.println("Enter the number of students in the class");
        int size;
        //static int marks;
        //static int [] numbers=new int [size];

        size=in.nextInt();

        int [] numbers=new int [size];
        System.out.println("Enter the marks of each student");
        for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
        {
        numbers[i]=in.nextInt();    
        }

        System.out.println("The marks of all students are:"+ " ");
        {
        for(int temp:numbers)
        {
            System.out.print(temp+ " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
        }

        int arraySize=numbers.length;
        int arraySum=0;
        //Calculate the sum of array elements
        for(int temp1:numbers)
        {
            arraySum+=temp1;
        }

        int average=arraySum/arraySize;

        System.out.println("The average of all the students scores is:"+ " "+average);
    }

    /*public int calculateAverage(int array[])
    {
        int arraySize=array.length;

    }*/
}

================================================== =============在main之外添加了用於計算平均值的單獨代碼。

package chapter2.Arrays;
import java.util.*;

public class Arrays_ExampleOne {

/*static int size;
static int marks;
static int [] numbers=new int [size];*/
static Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        Arrays_ExampleOne obj=new Arrays_ExampleOne();
        System.out.println("Welcome to Cincinnati Elementary");
        System.out.println("Class report details for ");
        System.out.println("Enter the number of students in the class");
        int size;
        //static int marks;
        //static int [] numbers=new int [size];

        size=in.nextInt();

        int [] numbers=new int [size];
        System.out.println("Enter the marks of each student");
        for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
        {
        numbers[i]=in.nextInt();    
        }

        System.out.println("The marks of all students are:"+ " ");
        {
        for(int temp:numbers)
        {
            System.out.print(temp+ " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
        }

    /*  int arraySize=numbers.length;
        int arraySum=0;
        //Calculate the sum of array elements
        for(int temp1:numbers)
        {
            arraySum+=temp1;
        }

        int average=arraySum/arraySize;

        System.out.println("The average of all the students scores is:"+ " "+average);*/
        int average=obj.calculateAverage(numbers);
        System.out.println("The average of all the students is:"+ " "+average);
    }

    public int calculateAverage(int array[])
    {
        int arraySize=array.length;
        int arraySum=0;
        for(int temp: array)
        {
        arraySum+=temp;
        }

        int average=arraySum/arraySize;

        return average;
    }
}

Answer 1

首先，應先要求用戶輸入大小，然后設置數組大小：

static int size;
static int marks;
static Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);

public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("Enter number of student:");
    size = in.nextInt();
    int [] numbers=new int [size];

    //the rest of your code goes here
}

注意：請注意您的for循環：

for(int i=0;i<=size;i++){
             ^
    numbers[i]=in.nextInt();
}

這將導致ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException ，因為你想在索引訪問元素size ，其最大index有n大小的數組為n-1。 應該是 <而不是<=

對於方法calculateAverage，它應如下所示：

public static double calculateAverage(int array[])
{
    double sum=0.0;
    for(int i=0;i<array.length;i++){
       sum+=array[i];
    }
    return sum / array.length;
}

請注意，此方法應該是靜態的，因為您想在靜態方法中使用它，並且average始終處理double / float數據類型，而不是int

在main方法中，您可以這樣調用它：

System.out.println("Average marks:"+calculateAverage(numbers));

Answer 2

static int size;
static int marks;
static int [] numbers=new int [size];

創建數組時， size仍為默認值零。 在這里，您總是以長度為零的數組結尾。