如何使用SQL Server 2005轉換數據

Question

我有以下數據

如何將其（使用SQL Server 2005）轉換為以下格式？

我有一個示例解決方案，但似乎有些笨拙。 聞起來吧？

DECLARE @ProductLanguage TABLE
(
    [PRODUCT_ID] int
    , [LANGUAGE] varchar(50)
)

INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52035,'Czech')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52035,'English')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52035,'German')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (54001,'Danish')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (54001,'Spanish')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (54001,'English')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (70501,'Finnish')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (70501,'Greek')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (70501,'Hungarian')
INSERT INTO @ProductLanguage ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52044,'Hebrew')

SELECT
    PRODUCT_ID
    ,MAX(CASE WHEN [ROW_ID]=1 THEN LANGUAGE ELSE NULL END) As LANG_1
    ,MAX(CASE WHEN [ROW_ID]=2 THEN LANGUAGE ELSE NULL END) As LANG_2
    ,MAX(CASE WHEN [ROW_ID]=3 THEN LANGUAGE ELSE NULL END) As LANG_3
FROM
    (SELECT
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY [PRODUCT_ID] ORDER BY [PRODUCT_ID] ASC) AS [ROW_ID]
        , [PRODUCT_ID]
        , [LANGUAGE]
    FROM
        @ProductLanguage) AS Temp
GROUP BY
    [PRODUCT_ID]

有趣的一點是，我不在乎每個LANG_ *列中顯示的特定語言。 此處發布的其他問題似乎都是指按名稱了解透視列。 但是我不想用找到的語言來命名列。

注意 ：我知道我提到了“ pivot”一詞，但是針對此問題的最佳解決方案可能不涉及PIVOT子句。 我只是用了這個詞，因為我的問題似乎暗示了關鍵數據。 我不知道，也許CTE將為解決方案提供幫助。 我只知道我對上面的示例解決方案不滿意。

Answer 1

您可以使用PIVOT（）函數

SELECT    P.PRODUCT_ID,
          P.Czech,
          P.Other languages
FROM      TABLE AS T
PIVOT     (
              AGGREGATE(LANGUAGE) FOR LANGUAGE IN ([Czech],  ...)
          ) AS P

據我所知，如果您沒有明確命名列，那么您將被迫做一些把戲。

未經測試（顯然）。 請參閱： MSDN

Answer 2

這可以通過PIVOT靜態或動態完成。

靜態版本的列是硬編碼的（請參見SQL Fiddle with Demo ）：

select *
from 
(
  select product_id, language,
    'Lang_' + cast(row_number() over(partition by PRODUCT_ID order by language) as varchar(10)) rn
  from ProductLanguage
) x
pivot
(
  max(language)
  for rn in ([Lang_1], [Lang_2], [Lang_3])
) p

動態版本將在運行時獲取列（請參見SQL Fiddle With Demo ）：

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME('Lang_' + cast(row_number() over(partition by PRODUCT_ID order by language) as varchar(10))) 
                    from ProductLanguage
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')


set @query = 'SELECT PRODUCT_ID, ' + @cols + ' from 
             (
              select product_id, language,
                ''Lang_'' + cast(row_number() over(partition by PRODUCT_ID order by language) as varchar(10)) rn
              from ProductLanguage
            ) x
            pivot 
            (
                max(language)
                for rn in (' + @cols + ')
            ) p '

execute(@query)

Answer 3

create table  #ProductLanguage 
(
    PRODUCT_ID int
    , [LANGUAGE] varchar(50)
)

INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52035,'Czech')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52035,'English')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52035,'German')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (54001,'Danish')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (54001,'Spanish')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (54001,'English')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (70501,'Finnish')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (70501,'Greek')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (70501,'Hungarian')
INSERT INTO #ProductLanguage  ([PRODUCT_ID],[LANGUAGE]) VALUES (52044,'Hebrew')


declare @col as varchar(2000)
declare @query as varchar(4000)

--select language ,@col= replace('[Lang_'+str(row_number() over(order by language))+']',' ','') Lang  from (select distinct language  from #ProductLanguage)p
select  @col = stuff((select distinct '],['+language  from #ProductLanguage for xml path('')),1,2,'')+']' 
print @col

set @query = 'select PRODUCT_ID, '+@col+ ' from #ProductLanguage 
pivot (
max(LANGUAGE) for LANGUAGE in ('+@col+')
) pvt'
execute(@query)

Answer 4

這是一個主意...使用Pivot關鍵字...在sql2005中可用

樞軸和非樞軸

然后，在完成此工作之后，將列名稱作為數據值輸出，將整個sql statemnt嵌入為外部Select語句中的子查詢，在此您將列名稱別名為“ Language1”，“ Language2”等。

Select Z.Arabic as Language1, Z.Botwanese as Language2, etc.
From  (Inner Pivot Query Here ) Z