c ++ cmake / make：鏈接器ld找不到庫（缺少路徑？）

Question

我目前正在努力連接需要與GLFW3鏈接的C ++項目，即ld與-lglfw3一起調用。 事情是，這在以前工作，現在我不知道，為什么它不再存在。

sudo  pkg-config --libs glfw3 
-L/usr/local/lib -lglfw3  

該庫也存在於上述聲明打印的特定位置。 但是，ld說：

Linking CXX executable modeling_2014_framework
/usr/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lglfw3
CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/main.cpp.o:main.cpp:function init(): error: undefined reference to 'glfwInit'
...
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [modeling_2014_framework] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2

我正在使用cmake來創建makefile。 這就是CMakeLists的樣子：

cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.8)

set (project_name modeling_2014_framework)

# create project
project (${project_name})

# sources
set(SOURCES main.cpp)

# add headers to the project
file(GLOB MY_HEADERS "src/*.h")
list(APPEND HEADERS ${MY_HEADERS})

# add sources to the project
file(GLOB MY_SOURCES "src/*.cpp")
list(APPEND SOURCES ${MY_SOURCES})

# i also tried to manually set them here, which however also does not help
#set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH ${CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH} /usr/local/lib)

# OpenGL
find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED)   
if (NOT OPENGL_FOUND)
    message (FATAL_ERROR "OpenGL not found!")
    return()
endif ()

# glew
if (UNIX)
    set(GLEW_LIBRARY libGLEW.so)                
else()
    set (GLEW_INCLUDE_DIR "" CACHE PATH "glew include directory")
    set (GLEW_LIBRARY_DIR "" CACHE PATH "glew build directory")
    if (GLEW_INCLUDE_DIR STREQUAL  "" AND GLEW_LIBRARY_DIR STREQUAL  "")
        return()
    else()
        find_library(GLEW_LIBRARY NAMES GLEW glew32 glew glew32s PATHS ${GLEW_LIBRARY_DIR})
    endif() 
endif(UNIX)

# glfw
set (GLFW_STATIC FALSE CACHE BOOL "link against static or dynamic glfw3 library")
if (WIN32)
    set (GLFW_INCLUDE_DIR "" CACHE PATH "GLFW include directory")
    set (GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR "" CACHE PATH "GLFW build directory")
    if (GLFW_INCLUDE_DIR STREQUAL "" AND GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR STREQUAL  "")
        return()
    else()
        if (GLFW_STATIC)
            find_library(GLFW_LIBS NAMES glfw3 PATHS ${GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR})
        else(GLFW_STATIC)
            find_library(GLFW_LIBS NAMES glfw3dll PATHS ${GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR})
        endif(GLFW_STATIC)  
    endif() 
else()
    find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
    pkg_search_module(GLFW REQUIRED glfw3)
    if (GLFW_STATIC)
        set (GLFW_LIBS ${GLFW_STATIC_LIBRARIES})
    else(GLFW_STATIC)
        set (GLFW_LIBS ${GLFW_LIBRARIES})
    endif(GLFW_STATIC)
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libXxf86vm.so)    
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libGLU.so)        
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libX11.so)
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libXrandr.so)
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libpthread.so)
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libXi.so)
endif()

include_directories(${GLEW_INCLUDE_DIR}
                ${GLFW_INCLUDE_DIR}
                    ${OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR}
                )

# executable
add_executable(${project_name} ${SOURCES} ${HEADERS})

target_link_libraries(${project_name} 
                      ${OPENGL_LIBRARIES}
                  ${GLEW_LIBRARY}
                  ${EXTRA_LIBS}
                  ${GLFW_LIBS}
                      )

如果我手動運行ld命令並添加-L / usr / local / lib，則鏈接器運行正常。 所以我最重要的問題是，如何確保cmake將此路徑添加到makefile中，以便ld運行正常。

在此先感謝=）

Edit1：根據請求，帶有詳細日志記錄的stdout：

myname@fxt ~/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 $ make VERBOSE=1
/usr/bin/cmake -H/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 -B/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0
/usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/CMakeFiles /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1'
make -f CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/depend
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1'
cd /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 && /usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color=
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1'
make -f CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/build
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1'
Linking CXX executable modeling_2014_framework
/usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/usr/bin/g++   -g3 -gdwarf-2    CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/main.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/VertexBufferObjectAttribs.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Vector3.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Shader.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Matrix4x4.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Scene.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/TgaLoader.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Vector4.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Vector2.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Renderer.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Matrix3x3.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Common.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/SkyCube.cpp.o  -o modeling_2014_framework -rdynamic -lGLU -lGL -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lXext -lGLEW -lglfw3 -lXxf86vm -lGLU -lX11 -lXrandr -lpthread -lXi 
/usr/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lglfw3
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:49: error: undefined reference to 'glfwInit'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:53: error: undefined reference to 'glfwInit'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:60: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetErrorCallback'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:63: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:64: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:65: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:66: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:74: error: undefined reference to 'glfwCreateWindow'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:77: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetKeyCallback'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:78: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetWindowSizeCallback'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:79: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetMouseButtonCallback'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:80: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetCursorPosCallback'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:81: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetScrollCallback'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:84: error: undefined reference to 'glfwMakeContextCurrent'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:164: error: undefined reference to 'glfwTerminate'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:170: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:171: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:189: error: undefined reference to 'glfwPollEvents'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:190: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSwapBuffers'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:192: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetWindowTitle'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:186: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowShouldClose'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/src/Renderer.cpp:61: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime'
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/src/Renderer.cpp:64: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [modeling_2014_framework] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1'
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1'
make: *** [all] Error 2
myname@fxt ~/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 $ 

編輯/快速解決方案：我認為這不是原始問題的真正答案，但至少我找到了解決方法。 我補充道

SET( CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS   "-L/usr/local/lib")

到位於add_executable（...）正上方的CMakeLists.txt文件

現在它可以工作，因為-L ...選項正確傳遞給鏈接器。 但是，由於我已經硬編碼了這條路徑，這可能無法在任何計算機上運行。

Answer 1

似乎您缺少鏈接命令行中的庫搜索目錄。 嘗試類似的東西。

LINK_DIRECTORIES(${GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR})

成功找到GLFW庫之后和add_executable之前

http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v2.8.12/cmake.html#command:link_directories