在C＃中實現RSA

Question

我目前正在嘗試使用RSACrytoServiceProveider類實現一個類來處理我的應用程序實例之間的安全通信。 第一個問題：實現單個類來處理發送者/接收者角色或者我應該將角色分成單個類是一個好主意嗎？ 這是我到目前為止所做的：

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace Agnus.Cipher
{
    public class RSA
    {
        private byte[] plaintextBytes;
        private byte[] ciphertextBytes;
        private RSACryptoServiceProvider rSAProviderThis;
        private RSACryptoServiceProvider rSAProviderOther;

        public string PublicKey
        {
            get { return rSAProviderThis.ToXmlString(false); }
        }

        public RSA()
        {
            rSAProviderThis = new RSACryptoServiceProvider { PersistKeyInCsp = true }; 
            plaintextBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(PublicKey);
        }

        public void InitializeRSAProviderOther(string parameters)
        {
            rSAProviderOther.FromXmlString(parameters);
        }

        public byte[] Encrypt()
        {
            return rSAProviderThis.Encrypt(plaintextBytes, true);
        }
        public byte[] Decrypt()
        {
            return rSAProviderThis.Decrypt(ciphertextBytes, true);
        }
        public byte[] Sign()
        {
            using (SHA1Managed SHA1 = new SHA1Managed())
            {
                byte[] hash = SHA1.ComputeHash(ciphertextBytes);
                byte[] signature = rSAProviderThis.SignHash(hash, CryptoConfig.MapNameToOID("SHA1"));
                return signature;
            }
        }
        public void Verify()
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

    }
}

第二個問題：我如何發送和接收要輸入課程的數據？ 我是這個領域的綠色角，指針將不勝感激。

Answer 1

我會使encrypt / sign / decrypt / verify方法獲取數據的參數，而不是為它們提供成員變量。 擁有密鑰和提供者的成員變量似乎沒問題。 基本上我希望多次使用相同的密鑰，但不是相同的數據。

我也將它變為不可變 - 使所有變量只讀，在構造函數中獲取提供者所需的所有參數，而不是使用單獨的初始化方法。

除此之外，似乎可以將功能包裝在更簡單的API中，以滿足您的需求，是的。

Answer 2

我做了一些調整，這是實現的樣子：

using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace Agnus.Cipher
{
    public class RSA : IDisposable
    {
        private RSACryptoServiceProvider rSAProviderThis;
        private RSACryptoServiceProvider rSAProviderOther = null;

        public string PublicKey
        {
            get { return rSAProviderThis.ToXmlString(false); }
        }

        public RSA()
        {
            rSAProviderThis = new RSACryptoServiceProvider { PersistKeyInCsp = true }; 
        }

        public void InitializeRSAProviderOther(string parameters)
        {
            rSAProviderOther.FromXmlString(parameters);
        }

        public byte[] Encrypt(byte[] plaintextBytes)
        {
                return rSAProviderThis.Encrypt(plaintextBytes, true);
        }
        public string  Decrypt(byte[] ciphertextBytes)
        {
            try
            {
                return Convert.ToBase64String( rSAProviderThis.Decrypt(ciphertextBytes, true));
            }
            catch (CryptographicException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Unable to decrypt: " + ex.Message + " " + ex.StackTrace);
            }
            finally
            {
                this.Dispose();
            }
            return string.Empty;
        }
        public string SignData(byte[] ciphertextBytes)
        {
            string  signature = GenerateSignature(ciphertextBytes, rSAProviderThis);
            return signature;
        }

        private string GenerateSignature(byte[] ciphertextBytes, RSACryptoServiceProvider provider)
        {
            using (SHA1Managed SHA1 = new SHA1Managed())
            {
                byte[] hash = SHA1.ComputeHash(ciphertextBytes);
                string signature = Convert.ToBase64String(provider.SignHash(hash, CryptoConfig.MapNameToOID("SHA1")));
                return signature;
            }

        }

        public string  VerifySignature(byte[] ciphertextBytes, string parameters, string signatureToVerify)
        {
            InitializeRSAProviderOther(parameters);
            string actualSignature = GenerateSignature(ciphertextBytes, rSAProviderOther);
            if (actualSignature.Equals(signatureToVerify))
            {
                //verification successful
                string decryptedData = this.Decrypt(ciphertextBytes);
                return decryptedData;
                //decryptedData is a symmetric key
            }
            else
            {
                //verification unsuccessful
                //end session
            }
            return string.Empty;
        }

        #region IDisposable Members

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (rSAProviderOther != null)
            {
                rSAProviderOther.Clear();
            }
            rSAProviderThis.Clear();
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

你們還沒有說過如何建立溝通（我在考慮插座）。 請賜教。

Answer 3

我不知道這段代碼是否可以幫助你，我已經編寫了這段代碼，能夠在不同的加密算法中使用私鑰/公鑰對進行加密和解密，而且沒有數據加密長度問題，實際上是RSA實現。當你試圖管理超過250個（或多或少，抱歉我不記得）數據字節時，NET會受到影響。

我只剪切和粘貼只需要的方法，我也剪切了xml文檔原因不是英文，如果你發現這個有用讓我知道，我可以發布所有來源。 我再說一遍，我沒有測試過這個剪切和粘貼版本，但是我使用了這個類的完整版本並沒有那么不同。

順便說一下：它在VB中，但如果你只是潛伏在它，我認為這就足夠了;）

Namespace Crypto

    Public Class RSACry

        Shared Sub New()
        End Sub

        Public Enum Algorithms
            DES
            TDES
            RC2
            RDAEL
        End Enum

        Public Shared Function Encrypt(ByVal xmlkeystring As String, ByVal typo As Algorithms, ByVal datatoencrypt As String) As String
            Dim rsaer As RSA = Crypto.RSACry.ReadKeyString(xmlkeystring)
            Dim result() As Byte = Crypto.RSACry.EncryptIt(rsaer, typo, datatoencrypt)
            Return System.Convert.ToBase64String(result)
        End Function

        Public Shared Function Decrypt(ByVal xmlkeystring As String, ByVal typo As Algorithms, ByVal datatodecrypt As String) As String
            Dim rsaer As RSA = Crypto.RSACry.ReadKeyString(xmlkeystring)
            Dim result() As Byte = Crypto.RSACry.DecryptIt(rsaer, typo, datatodecrypt)
            Return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result)
        End Function

        Friend Shared Function EncryptIt(ByRef rsaer As RSA, ByVal typo As Algorithms, ByVal datatoencrypt As String) As Byte()
            Dim result() As Byte = Nothing

            Try
                Dim plainbytes() As Byte = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(datatoencrypt)
                Dim sa As SymmetricAlgorithm = SymmetricAlgorithm.Create(Crypto.RSACry.GetAlgorithmName(typo))
                Dim ct As ICryptoTransform = sa.CreateEncryptor()
                Dim encrypt() As Byte = ct.TransformFinalBlock(plainbytes, 0, plainbytes.Length)
                Dim fmt As RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeFormatter = New RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeFormatter(rsaer)
                Dim keyex() As Byte = fmt.CreateKeyExchange(sa.Key)

                --return the key exchange, the IV (public) and encrypted data 
                result = New Byte(keyex.Length + sa.IV.Length + encrypt.Length) {}
                Buffer.BlockCopy(keyex, 0, result, 0, keyex.Length)
                Buffer.BlockCopy(sa.IV, 0, result, keyex.Length, sa.IV.Length)
                Buffer.BlockCopy(encrypt, 0, result, keyex.Length + sa.IV.Length, encrypt.Length)

            Catch ex As Exception
                Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to crypt: " + ex.Message)
            End Try

            Return result
        End Function

        Friend Shared Function DecryptIt(ByRef rsaer As RSA, ByVal typo As Algorithms, ByVal datatodecrypt As String) As Byte()
            Dim result() As Byte = Nothing

            Try
                Dim encrbytes() As Byte = System.Convert.FromBase64String(datatodecrypt)
                Dim sa As SymmetricAlgorithm = SymmetricAlgorithm.Create(Crypto.RSACry.GetAlgorithmName(typo))
                Dim keyex() As Byte = New Byte((rsaer.KeySize >> 3) - 1) {}
                Buffer.BlockCopy(encrbytes, 0, keyex, 0, keyex.Length)

                Dim def As RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeDeformatter = New RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeDeformatter(rsaer)
                Dim key() As Byte = def.DecryptKeyExchange(keyex)
                Dim iv() As Byte = New Byte((sa.IV.Length - 1)) {}
                Buffer.BlockCopy(encrbytes, keyex.Length, iv, 0, iv.Length)

                Dim ct As ICryptoTransform = sa.CreateDecryptor(key, iv)
                result = ct.TransformFinalBlock(encrbytes, keyex.Length + iv.Length, (encrbytes.Length - 1) - (keyex.Length + iv.Length))
            Catch ex As Exception
                Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to decrypt: " + ex.Message)
            End Try

            Return result
        End Function    

        Friend Shared Function GetAlgorithmName(ByVal typo As Algorithms) As String
            Dim algtype As String = String.Empty

            Select Case typo
                Case Algorithms.DES
                    Return "DES"
                    Exit Select
                Case Algorithms.RC2
                    Return "RC2"
                    Exit Select
                Case Algorithms.RDAEL
                    Return "Rijndael"
                    Exit Select
                Case Algorithms.TDES
                    Return "TripleDES"
                    Exit Select
                Case Else
                    Return "Rijndael"
                    Exit Select
            End Select

            Return algtype
        End Function

        Friend Shared Function ReadKeyString(ByVal xmlkeystring As String) As RSA
            Dim rsaer As RSA = Nothing

            Try
                If (String.IsNullOrEmpty(xmlkeystring)) Then Throw New Exception("Key is not specified")
                rsaer = RSA.Create()
                rsaer.FromXmlString(xmlkeystring)
            Catch ex As Exception
                Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to load key")
            End Try

            Return rsaer
        End Function    

End Namespace

Answer 4

@gogole：實際上我不使用套接字，這個代碼是單獨使用的方式，帶有手工鑲嵌的密鑰。 但是，一旦你擁有了你的密碼機制，你就會有超過一半的旅程。

這里有兩個缺少方法來創建密鑰，因為您請求代碼完成。 我希望你發現這很有幫助

Public Shared Sub CreateKeyPair(ByVal filename As String)
    Dim xmlpublic As String = String.Empty
    Dim xmlprivate As String = String.Empty

    CreateKeyPair(xmlpublic, xmlprivate)

    Try
        Dim writer As New StreamWriter(filename + ".prv")
        writer.Write(xmlprivate)
        writer.Flush()
        writer.Close()
    Catch ex As Exception
        Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to write private key file: " + ex.Message)
    End Try

    Try
        Dim writer = New StreamWriter(filename + ".pub")
        writer.Write(xmlpublic)
        writer.Flush()
        writer.Close()
    Catch ex As Exception
        Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to write public key file: " + ex.Message)
    End Try
End Sub

Public Shared Sub CreateKeyPair(ByRef xmlpublic As String, ByRef xmlprivate As String)
    Dim rsa As RSA = Nothing

    Try
        rsa.Create()
    Catch ex As Exception
        Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to initialize keys: " + ex.Message)
    End Try

    Try
        xmlpublic = rsa.ToXmlString(True)
    Catch ex As Exception
        Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to generate public key: " + ex.Message)
    End Try

    Try
        xmlprivate = rsa.ToXmlString(False)
    Catch ex As Exception
        Throw New CryptographicException("Unable to generate private key: " + ex.Message)
    End Try
End Sub

Answer 5

不知道vb但是試圖將@Andrea Celin轉換為c＃中有用的代碼之一

namespace Crypto
{
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
class RSACry
{
    public enum Algorithms
    {
        DES,
        TDES,
        RC2,
        RDAEL
    };
    public string Encrypt(string xmlkeystring, Algorithms typo, string datatoencrypt)
    {
        RSA rsaer = RSACry.ReadKeyString(xmlkeystring);
        byte[] result = RSACry.EncryptIt(rsaer, typo, datatoencrypt);
        return System.Convert.ToBase64String(result);
    }

    public string Decrypt(string xmlkeystring,Algorithms typo,string datatodecrypt)
    {
        RSA rsaer = RSACry.ReadKeyString(xmlkeystring);
        byte[] result =RSACry.DecryptIt(rsaer, typo, datatodecrypt);
        return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result);
    }

    public static byte[] EncryptIt(RSA rsaer, Algorithms typo, string datatoencrypt)
    {
        byte[] result = null;
        try
        {
            byte[] plainbytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(datatoencrypt);
            SymmetricAlgorithm sa = SymmetricAlgorithm.Create(RSACry.GetAlgorithmName(typo));
            ICryptoTransform ct = sa.CreateEncryptor();
            byte[] encrypt = ct.TransformFinalBlock(plainbytes, 0, plainbytes.Length);
            RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeFormatter fmt = new RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeFormatter(rsaer);
            byte[] keyex = fmt.CreateKeyExchange(sa.Key);

            //--return the key exchange, the IV (public) and encrypted data 
            result = new byte[keyex.Length + sa.IV.Length + encrypt.Length];
            Buffer.BlockCopy(keyex, 0, result, 0, keyex.Length);
            Buffer.BlockCopy(sa.IV, 0, result, keyex.Length, sa.IV.Length);
            Buffer.BlockCopy(encrypt, 0, result, keyex.Length + sa.IV.Length, encrypt.Length);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new CryptographicException("Unable to crypt: " + ex.Message);
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static byte[] DecryptIt(RSA rsaer, Algorithms typo, string datatodecrypt)
    {
        byte[] result = null;

        try
        {
            byte[] encrbytes = System.Convert.FromBase64String(datatodecrypt);
            SymmetricAlgorithm sa = SymmetricAlgorithm.Create(RSACry.GetAlgorithmName(typo));
            byte[] keyex = new byte[(rsaer.KeySize >> 3) - 1];
            Buffer.BlockCopy(encrbytes, 0, keyex, 0, keyex.Length);

            RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeDeformatter def = new RSAPKCS1KeyExchangeDeformatter(rsaer);
            byte[] key = def.DecryptKeyExchange(keyex);
            byte[] iv = new byte[sa.IV.Length - 1];
            Buffer.BlockCopy(encrbytes, keyex.Length, iv, 0, iv.Length);

            ICryptoTransform ct = sa.CreateDecryptor(key, iv);
            result = ct.TransformFinalBlock(encrbytes, keyex.Length + iv.Length, (encrbytes.Length - 1) - (keyex.Length + iv.Length));
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new CryptographicException("Unable to decrypt: " + ex.Message);
        }

        return result;
    }

    public static string GetAlgorithmName(Algorithms typo)
    {
        string algtype = String.Empty;
        switch(typo)
        {
            case Algorithms.DES:
                algtype = "DES";
                break;
            case Algorithms.RC2:
                algtype = "RC2";
                break;
            case Algorithms.RDAEL:
                algtype = "Rijndael";
                break;
            case Algorithms.TDES:
                algtype = "TripleDES";
                break;
            default:
                algtype = "Rijndael";
                break;
        }
        return algtype;
    }

    public static RSA ReadKeyString(string xmlkeystring)
    {
        RSA rsaer = null;
        try
        {
            if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(xmlkeystring))
            { throw new Exception("Key is not specified"); }
            rsaer = RSA.Create();
            rsaer.FromXmlString(xmlkeystring);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new CryptographicException("Unable to load key :"+ex.Message);
        }
        return rsaer;
    }
}
}