方法必須在非泛型靜態類中定義

Question

我是C＃的新手，我的課上有這個錯誤。

Extension method must be defined in a non-generic static class

我只是搜索並找到了許多可能導致此錯誤的原因...例如將靜態添加到類名和其他..可以幫助我找到為什么這個錯誤來自類？

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace LandManagment
{
    class  weather
    {

     private string xml;
     private string FullTextXML;   
     private string PartTextXML;  
     public List<Forcast> forcastlist;
     public Wind wind;
     public Astronomy astronomy;
     public Atmosphere atmosphere;
     public Condition condition;

     public struct Forcast
            {
         public Forcast(string day, string date, string low, string high, string text, string code)
                {
                    Day = day;
                    Date = date;
                    Low = low;
                    High = high;
                    Text = text;
                    Code = code;
                }

                public string Day { get; private set; }
                public string Date { get; private set; }
                public string Low { get; private set; }
                public string High { get; private set; }
                public string Text { get; private set; }
                public string Code { get; private set; }
            }

     public struct Wind
     {
         public Wind(string chill, string direction, string speed)
         {
             Chill = chill;
             Direction = direction;
             Speed = speed;

         }

         public string Chill { get; private set; }
         public string Direction { get; private set; }
         public string Speed { get; private set; }

     }

     public struct Astronomy
     {
         public Astronomy(string sunrise, string sunset)
         {
             Sunrise = sunrise;
             Sunset = sunset;


         }

         public string Sunrise { get; private set; }
         public string Sunset { get; private set; }


     }

     public struct Atmosphere
     {
         public Atmosphere(string humidity, string visibility, string pressure, string rising)
         {
             Humidity = humidity;
             Visibility = visibility;
             Pressure = pressure;
             Rising = rising;

         }

         public string Humidity { get; private set; }
         public string Visibility { get; private set; }
         public string Pressure { get; private set; }
         public string Rising { get; private set; }

     }

     public struct Condition
     {
         public Condition(string text, string code, string temp)
         {
             Text = text;
             Code = code;
             Temp = temp;


         }

         public string Text { get; private set; }
         public string Code { get; private set; }
         public string Temp { get; private set; }


     }

     private string GetStr(string str) {
         try {
             int index1;
             int index2;
             index1 = (str.IndexOf("<![CDATA[") + "<![CDATA[".Length);
             index2 = str.IndexOf("]]>");
             string str1 = str.Substring(index1, (index2 - index1));
             // MsgBox(str1)
             return str1;
         }
         catch (Exception ex) {
             return "Error";
         }
     }

    private string getXML() {
         return FullTextXML;
     }



      private void GetWind() {
         int index1;
         int index2;
         string NewString;
         index1 = (PartTextXML.IndexOf("<yweather:wind") + "<yweather:wind".Length);
         NewString = PartTextXML.Substring(index1);
         index2 = NewString.IndexOf("/>");
         string TodayWind= NewString.Substring(0, index2).ToLower();
         //speed
         index1 = TodayWind.IndexOf("speed");
         string NewStr = TodayWind.Substring(index1);
         index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
         string ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
         string[] arr = ss.Split('=');
         string speed = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
         //direction
         index1 = TodayWind.IndexOf("direction");
         NewStr = TodayWind.Substring(index1);
         index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
         ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
         arr = ss.Split('=');
         string direction = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
         //chill
         index1 = TodayWind.IndexOf("chill");
         NewStr = TodayWind.Substring(index1);
         index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
         ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
         arr = ss.Split('=');
         string chill = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
         wind = new Wind(speed, direction, chill);
     }

      public void GetAstronomy() {
         int index1;
         int index2;
         string NewString;
         index1 = (PartTextXML.IndexOf("<yweather:astronomy") + "<yweather:astronomy".Length);
         NewString = PartTextXML.Substring(index1);
         index2 = NewString.IndexOf("/>");
         String TodayAstronomy = NewString.Substring(0, index2).ToLower();
         //sunrise
         index1 = TodayAstronomy.IndexOf("sunrise");
         string NewStr = TodayAstronomy.Substring(index1);
         index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" am");
         string ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
         string[] arr = ss.Split('=');
         String sunrise = (FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", "")) + "am");
         //sunset
         index1 = TodayAstronomy.IndexOf("sunset");
         NewStr = TodayAstronomy.Substring(index1);
         index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" pm");
         ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
         arr = ss.Split('=');
         String sunset = (FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", "")) + "pm");
         astronomy = new Astronomy(sunrise, sunset);

     }


      private void GetAtmosphere()
    {
        int index1;
        int index2;
        string NewString;
        index1 = (PartTextXML.IndexOf("<yweather:atmosphere") + "<yweather:atmosphere".Length);
        NewString = PartTextXML.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewString.IndexOf("/>");
        string TodayAtmosphere = NewString.Substring(0, index2).ToLower();
        //humidity
        index1 = TodayAtmosphere.IndexOf("humidity");
        string NewStr = TodayAtmosphere.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
        string ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
        string[] arr = ss.Split('=');
        string humidity = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
        //visibility
        index1 = TodayAtmosphere.IndexOf("visibility");
        NewStr = TodayAtmosphere.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
        ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
        arr = ss.Split('=');
        string visibility = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
        //pressure
        index1 = TodayAtmosphere.IndexOf("pressure");
        NewStr = TodayAtmosphere.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
        ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
        arr = ss.Split('=');
        string pressure = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
        //rising
        index1 = TodayAtmosphere.IndexOf("rising");
        NewStr = TodayAtmosphere.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
        ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
        arr = ss.Split('=');
        string rising = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));


        atmosphere = new Atmosphere(humidity, visibility, pressure, rising);

    }

      private void GetCondition()
    {
        int index1;
        int index2;
        string NewString;
        index1 = (PartTextXML.IndexOf("<yweather:condition") + "<yweather:condition".Length);
        NewString = PartTextXML.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewString.IndexOf("/>");
        String TodayCondition = NewString.Substring(0, index2).ToLower();
        //temp
        index1 = TodayCondition.IndexOf("temp");
        string NewStr = TodayCondition.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
        string ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
        string[] arr = ss.Split('=');
        string temp = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
        //code
        index1 = TodayCondition.IndexOf("code");
        NewStr = TodayCondition.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
        ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
        arr = ss.Split('=');
        string code = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));
        //text
        index1 = TodayCondition.IndexOf("text");
        NewStr = TodayCondition.Substring(index1);
        index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
        ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
        arr = ss.Split('=');
        string text = FormatString(arr[1].Replace("\"", ""));

        condition = new Condition(text, code, temp);

    }

      public void GetForecast()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
        {
            int index1;
            int index2;
            string NewString;

            index1 = (NthIndexOf(PartTextXML, "<yweather:astronomy", i+1) + "<yweather:astronomy".Length);
            NewString = PartTextXML.Substring(index1);
            index2 = NewString.IndexOf("/>");
            string forc=NewString.Substring(0, index2).ToLower();
            //low
            index1 = forc.IndexOf("low");
            string NewStr = forc.Substring(index1);
            index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
            string ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
            string[] arr = ss.Split('=');
            String Low = arr[1].Replace("\"", "");
            //high
            index1 = forc.IndexOf("high");
            NewStr = forc.Substring(index1);
            index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
            ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
            arr = ss.Split('=');
            String High = arr[1].Replace("\"", "");
             //text
            index1 = forc.IndexOf("text");
            NewStr = forc.Substring(index1);
            index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
            ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
            arr = ss.Split('=');
            String text = arr[1].Replace("\"", "");
            //text
            index1 = forc.IndexOf("code");
            NewStr = forc.Substring(index1);
            index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
            ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
            arr = ss.Split('=');
            String code = arr[1].Replace("\"", "");
             //day
            index1 = forc.IndexOf("day");
            NewStr = forc.Substring(index1);
            index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
            ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
            arr = ss.Split('=');
            String day = arr[1].Replace("\"", "");
            //date
            index1 = forc.IndexOf("date");
            NewStr = forc.Substring(index1);
            index2 = NewStr.IndexOf(" ");
            ss = NewStr.Substring(0, index2);
            arr = ss.Split('=');
            String date = arr[1].Replace("\"", "");

            forcastlist.Insert(i,new Forcast(day,date,Low,High,text,code)); 
        }

    }

      private static int NthIndexOf(this string target, string value, int n)
    {
        Match m = Regex.Match(target, "((" + value + ").*?){" + n + "}");

        if (m.Success)
            return m.Groups[2].Captures[n - 1].Index;
        else
            return -1;
    }


      public weather(string w, string U) {
         System.Xml.XmlDocument doc = new System.Xml.XmlDocument();
         string str = ("http://xml.weather.yahoo.com/forecastrss?w=" 
                     + (w + ("&u=" + U)));
         try {
             // Load data   
             doc.Load(str);
             str = doc.OuterXml;
             FullTextXML = doc.OuterXml;
             PartTextXML = GetStr(str);
             this.GetAstronomy();
             this.GetAtmosphere();
             this.GetCondition();
             this.GetForecast();
         }
         catch (Exception ex) {
             str = "null";
             FullTextXML = "null";
             throw new Exception("Null XML");
         }
     }


     private string FormatString(String  sss) {
         char c = sss[0];

         c = c.ToString().ToUpper()[0];
         string str="";
         str = (c + sss.Substring(1));
         return str;
     }


    }
}

我試圖更改public static class因為擴展方法必須在非泛型靜態類中定義但是有錯誤:(感謝您的幫助

Answer 1

由於NthIndexOf是一個擴展方法，因此需要在public static class定義。 我懷疑你已經把weather變成了public static class例如：

public static class weather
{
}

然而，這不會起作用，因為weather包含非靜態實例成員，例如

private string xml;
private string FullTextXML;
private string PartTextXML;
public List<Forcast> forcastlist;

// etc...

你應該做的是創建一個單獨的類來存儲你的擴展方法，如：

public static class StringExtensions
{
    public static int NthIndexOf(this string target, string value, int n)
    {
        Match m = Regex.Match(target, "((" + value + ").*?){" + n + "}");

        if (m.Success)
        return m.Groups[2].Captures[n - 1].Index;
        else
            return -1;
    }
}

您可以從weather等級中調用此方法，如下所示：

int y = PartTextXML.NthIndexOf("<yweather:astronomy", i + 1);

Answer 2

你必須放置這個方法：

private static int NthIndexOf(this string target, string value, int n)
{
    Match m = Regex.Match(target, "((" + value + ").*?){" + n + "}");

    // I changed a bit your code here.
    return m.Success ?  m.Groups[2].Captures[n - 1].Index : -1;
}

在靜態類中。 這是一個extension方法，所有擴展方法都應放在static類中。 如果你打電話給這個叫Extensions ，那么它應該如下所示：

static public class Extension
{
    public static int NthIndexOf(this string target, string value, int n)
    {
        Match m = Regex.Match(target, "((" + value + ").*?){" + n + "}");

        if (m.Success)
            return m.Groups[2].Captures[n - 1].Index;
        else
            return -1;
    }
}

我們如何調用擴展方法？

input.NthIndexOf(value, n);

input是我們的字符串。

有關擴展方法的更多信息，請查看此處 。

Answer 3

您的NthIndexOf方法不在靜態類中 - 要使擴展方法起作用，必須在靜態類中定義它們。

Answer 4

1 - 按照上面的正確答案告訴，將“NthIndexOf”函數移動到公共靜態類。

public static class StringExtensions
{
    public static int NthIndexOf(this string target, string value, int n)
    {
        Match m = Regex.Match(target, "((" + value + ").*?){" + n + "}");

        if (m.Success)
            return m.Groups[2].Captures[n - 1].Index;
        else
            return -1;
    }
}

2 - 在GetForecast函數中，將您調用函數的位置更改為

代替：

index1 = (NthIndexOf(PartTextXML, "<yweather:astronomy", i+1) + "<yweather:astronomy".Length);

做這個：

index1 = (StringExtensions.NthIndexOf(PartTextXML, "<yweather:astronomy", i+1) + "<yweather:astronomy".Length);