R時間序列間隙填充用type ='b'繪圖

Question

我有一個包含四列的.csv文件（NAME，ID，YEAR，VALUE，見下面的示例），並且想要使用plot（'YEAR'，'VALUE'，type ='b'）做一些時間序列圖。 由於缺少時間序列中YEARS之間的某些數據，我想在年份之間編寫包含NA值的新列，這樣我就可以在YEAR間隙中繪制沒有連接​​線的數據（在我的示例中：填寫NA值為1984年至1987年的BARTLEY項目）。

有沒有辦法做到這一點？？ 任何幫助都非常感謝！ 謝謝！

我的.csv文件如下所示：

NAME;                ID;      YEAR; VALUE
NAME1;              885;    1988;      -2
NAME1;              885;    1989;       0
NAME2;  2665;   1999;       4
NAME2;  2665;   2000;       8
NAME2;  2665;   2001;      19
NAME2;  2665;   2002;      13
NAME2;  2665;   2003;      13
NAME3;          893 ;   1983;       0
NAME3;          893 ;   1988;       2
NAME3;          893 ;   1989;      -1
NAME4;              877 ;   1972;      -1
NAME5;          894 ;   1973;      -3

Answer 1

你可以使用sep =“;”讀取你顯示的文件。 在read.csv中標識單獨的值。 您可能會考慮類似下面的代碼來讀取數據，修復日期，添加NA以及繪制圖表。 我將您的數據放在一個名為“plot_test.txt”的文件中，以便read.csv從那里獲取數據。 另外，根據您對BARTLEY項目的評論，我假設您要為繪圖中的每個項目分隔線條。

# read data file into xx and change character years to Date values
xx <- read.csv("plot_test.txt",header=TRUE,sep=";")
xx$YEAR <- as.Date(paste(as.character(xx$YEAR),"-01-01",sep=""))

#    create df as a template for all years and names
date_seq <- seq(min(xx$YEAR),max(xx$YEAR),by="12 month")
df <- merge(data.frame(NAME=unique(xx$NAME),ID=unique(xx$ID)),data.frame(YEAR=date_seq,VALUE=NA),all=TRUE)

# create unique names in xx and df to merge on
xx$NAME_YR <- paste(xx$NAME,xx$YEAR,sep="")
df$NAME_YR <- paste(df$NAME,df$YEAR,sep="")
#  merge keeping only real data columns and restore original column names
xy <- merge(xx, df,by="NAME_YR",all=TRUE)[,c("NAME.y","ID.y","YEAR.y","VALUE.x")]
names(xy) <- names(xx)[1:4]

# plot xy using ggplot
library(ggplot2)
sp <- ggplot(data=xy, aes(x=YEAR, y=VALUE, colour=NAME)) + geom_point() + geom_line()
plot(sp)  

Answer 2

很高興聽到你弄清楚了。 我仍然想知道每頁的情節數量。 我在代碼中添加了幾行，允許您設置在一個頁面上顯示的繪圖行數和列數，然后根據需要循環遍歷多個繪圖頁面。 我還添加了一些ggplot的東西來改變繪圖文本的外觀。

    # read data file into xx and change character years to Date values
    xx <- read.csv("plot_test.txt",header=TRUE,sep=";")
    xx$YEAR <- as.Date(paste(as.character(xx$YEAR),"-01-01",sep=""))
    xx$NAME_YR <- paste(xx$NAME,xx$YEAR,sep="")

    #  create Year template for years between min and max years for each NAME
    xxmin <- as.Date(tapply(xx$YEAR, xx$NAME, min ), origin="1970-01-01")
    xxmax <- as.Date(tapply(xx$YEAR, xx$NAME, max ), origin="1970-01-01")
    xxdates <- mapply(seq, xxmin, xxmax, by="12 month")
    xxyears <- data.frame(NAME=rep(names(xxdates), sapply(xxdates, length)), 
                          YEAR=as.Date(unlist (xxdates),origin="1970-01-01"))
    xxyears$NAME_YR <- paste(xxyears$NAME,xxyears$YEAR,sep="")

    #  merge  template and data and assign colnames to ploting data
    xy <- merge(xx, xxyears, by="NAME_YR", all=TRUE)[,c("NAME.y","ID","YEAR.y","VALUE")]
    names(xy) <- c("NAME","ID","YEAR","VALUE")

   # plot each NAME in a separate chart with own time axis
   library(ggplot2)
   rows_pg <- 2   # number of rows of plots per page
   cols_pg <- 2   # number of columns of plots per page
   chts_pg <- rows_pg*cols_pg
   num_plots <- nlevels(xy$NAME)
   #  set plot axis labels and main titles and set values for text
   spttl <- ggtitle("Your plot title\nSecond line of your plot title")
   spaxlb <- labs ( x="Year", y="Data Values")  
   spth <-  theme(plot.title=element_text(size=16, face="bold", colour="blue") )
   spth <-  spth + theme(axis.title.x= element_text(size=14, colour="blue") )
   spth <-  spth + theme(axis.title.y = element_text(size=14, colour="blue") )
   spth <-  spth + theme(axis.text = element_text(size=14, colour="black") )
   spth <-  spth + theme(strip.text = element_text(size=14, colour="brown"))
   #  generate plots
   for( iplt in seq(1,num_plots, chts_pg) )  {
     sp <- ggplot(data=xy[xy$NAME %in% levels(xy$NAME)[iplt:(iplt+chts_pg-1)], ],
                  aes(x=YEAR, y=VALUE)) + geom_line() + geom_point()
     sp  <- sp + facet_wrap(~ NAME, scales="free_x", nrow=rows_pg, ncol=cols_pg)
     plot(sp + spttl + spaxlb + spth)
   }