ASP.NET MVC 4 C＃HttpPostedFileBase，如何存儲文件

Question

模型

public partial class Assignment
{
    public Assignment()
    {
        this.CourseAvailables = new HashSet<CourseAvailable>();
    }

    public string AssignmentID { get; set; }
    public Nullable<System.DateTime> SubmissionDate { get; set; }
    public string Status { get; set; }
    public Nullable<decimal> Mark { get; set; }
    public string Comments { get; set; }
    public string FileLocation  { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<CourseAvailable> CourseAvailables { get; set; }
}}

控制者

 public ActionResult Create(Assignment assignment)
    {
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {


            db.Assignments.Add(assignment);
            db.SaveChanges();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }

        return View(assignment);
    }

視圖

<div class="editor-field">
    <%: Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.FileLocation, new { type="file"})%>
    <%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.FileLocation) %>
</div>

如果要將文件存儲到服務器/路徑文件夾中，並且僅在數據庫中存儲路徑名/字符串，如何存儲文件。

Answer 1

您可以上傳文件並將其網址保存在數據庫表中，如下所示：

視圖：

@using(Html.BeginForm("Create","Assignment",FormMethod.Post,new {enctype="multipart/form-data"}))
{
    ...
    <div class="editor-field">
        <%: Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.FileLocation, new { type="file"})%>
        <%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.FileLocation) %>
    </div>
    ...
}

行動：

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(Assignment assignment)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        if(Request.Files.Count > 0)
        {
            HttpPostedFileBase file = Request.Files[0];
            if (file.ContentLength > 0) 
            {
                var fileName = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName);
                assignment.FileLocation = Path.Combine(
                    Server.MapPath("~/App_Data/uploads"), fileName);
                file.SaveAs(assignment.FileLocation);
            }
            db.Assignments.Add(assignment);
            db.SaveChanges();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
    }

    return View(assignment);
}

細節：

為了更好地理解，請參考這篇出色的文章，使用ASP.NET MVC上傳文件（或多個文件）

Answer 2

這是我的操作方式：

View.cs

<div class="row">

    @using (Html.BeginForm("Upload", "Home", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" }))
    {
        <input type="file" name="FileUpload" id="FileUpload" runat="server" />
        <input type="submit" value="Save" class="btn btn-default" />
    }

</div>

我使用的是HomeController ，所以您在此處創建Upload函數。 我還介紹了如何將文件內容存儲在數據庫中，而不僅僅是位置，下面的代碼利用了提供的Assignment模型，但是我還將展示如何將文件保存到數據庫中。我為表創建的模型ITEM_ATCHMT 。

如果您僅有的是頁面上的FileUpload控件，並且不必在模型中填充數據，則不必傳遞模型並將其傳遞回去，因此此功能不會這樣做，而我的View不會這樣做不使用模型-您的模型可能會有所不同，並且如果要在視圖中使用模型，則可能希望保持傳遞模型，返回模型。

我設置了一次同時發布多個對象的方式，所以我有了一個List<ViewDataUploadFilesResult>來接收它們的數據，並在將每個文件及其元數據保存到數據庫的過程中進行迭代。 但是，您可以使用它來一次僅保存一個文件，因此我添加了該代碼並注釋了多個文件的各個部分。 希望它不會讓任何人感到困惑-最終，只有兩種不同的方式來做同一件事。

HomeController.cs

    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult Upload()
    {
        //var r = new List<ViewDataUploadFilesResult>();
        var r = new ViewDataUploadFilesResult();
        Assignment a = new Assignment();

        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            if (Request.Files.Count > 0)
            {
                HttpPostedFileBase file = Request.Files[0];
                if (file.ContentLength > 0)
                {
                    int fileSize = file.ContentLength;
                    var fileName = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName);

                    //You could do this to get the content -
                    //it would need a varbinary(max) field 
                    //Stream posted file into a byte array
                    byte[] fileByteArray = new byte[fileSize];
                    file.InputStream.Read(fileByteArray, 0, fileSize);

                    //Uploading properly formatted file to server.
                    string fileLocation = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/App_Data/uploads"), fileName);
                    if (!Directory.Exists(Server.MapPath("~/App_Data/uploads")))
                        Directory.CreateDirectory(Server.MapPath("~/App_Data/uploads"));
                    file.SaveAs(fileLocation);

                    // I used a ViewModel to collect my file information
                    ViewDataUploadFilesResult r = new ViewDataUploadFilesResult();
                    r.Name = fileName;
                    r.FilePath = fileLocation;
                    r.Length = fileSize;
                    r.FileObj = file;
                    r.Content = fileByteArray;

                    // I provided a list so I could upload multiple files
                    // at once, but you might've just had the one item, above
                    //r.Add(new ViewDataUploadFilesResult()
                    //{
                    //    Name = fileName,
                    //    FilePath = fileLocation,
                    //    Length = fileSize,
                    //    FileObj = file,
                    //    Content = fileByteArray
                    //});

                    // Below is for singular ViewDataUploadFilesResult objects (uncomment the loop for multiple)
                    //for (int i = 0; i < r.Count; i++)
                    //{
                        //assignment.FileLocation = r[i].FilePath; //multiple objects need an index, [i]
                        assignment.FileLocation = r.FilePath;  //singular objects don't
                        assignment.Status = "Uploaded";
                        assignment.Comments = "Completed";
                    //}

                    // You also could've just not used ViewDataUploadFilesResult 
                    // at all, and just used assignment, only
                    // and just added fileSize, fileContents, etc. to it

                    EFModel db = new EFModel();  // this is your Entity Framework context
                    db.Assignments.Add(assignment);  //"Assignments" would be your table
                    db.SaveChanges();

                }

                return RedirectToAction("Index");
                //return View("Index", r);
            }
        }

        return View();
    }

附加型號

ViewDataUploadFilesResult.cs

public class ViewDataUploadFilesResult
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string FilePath { get; set; }
    public int Length { get; set; }
    public HttpPostedFileBase FileObj { get; set; }
    public byte[] Content { get; set; }
}

對我來說，這不是使用整個ViewModel，而是我的Attachments表的實際模型：

public partial class ITEM_ATCHMT
{
    [Key]
    public Guid ATCHMT_ID { get; set; }

    public int ITEM_ID { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey("ITEM_ID")]
    public virtual ITEM item { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [StringLength(50)]
    public string USER_NAME_DESC { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [StringLength(250)]
    public string FILE_NAME_TXT { get; set; }

    [Required]
    public byte[] FILE_CNTNT_CD { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [StringLength(10)]
    public string FILE_TYPE_DESC { get; set; }

    public DateTime CREATED_DT { get; set; }
} 

並說我想將其與此項目相關聯：

public partial class ITEM
{
    [Key]
    public int ITEM_ID { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [StringLength(50)]
    public string NAME { get; set; }

}

要使用Entity Framework保存任何數據，只需填充該模型，然后在上下文中執行.SaveChanges() ：

EFModel db = new EFModel();  // this is my Entity Framework context
ITEM item = new ITEM();
item.NAME = "My Item";

db.ITEM.Add(item);  //"ITEM" is my table and name of an EF model, "item" is the object that represents my model
db.SaveChanges();

如果將ITEM_ID設置為自動遞增：

ITEM_ATCHMT atchmt_model = new ITEM_ATCHMT();
atchmt_model.ATCHMT_ID = Guid.NewGuid();
atchmt_model.ITEM_ID = item.ITEM_ID // <-- this should have the ID
atchmt_model.USER_NAME_DESC = System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name;
atchmt_model.FILE_CNTNT_CD = r.Content;
atchmt_model.FILE_NAME_TXT = r.Name;
atchmt_model.FILE_TYPE_DESC = r.Name.Split('.')[1];
atchmt_model.CREATED_DT = DateTime.Now;

db.ITEM_ATCHMT.Add(atchmt_model);  //"ITEM_ATCHMT" is my table
db.SaveChanges();

Answer 3

  List<Vozila> svaVozila = new List<Vozila>(); using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(@"C:\\proba\\MvcApplication1\\MvcApplication1\\fajlovi\\vozila.txt")) { while (sr.Peek() >= 0) { string str; string[] strArray; str = sr.ReadLine(); strArray = str.Split('|'); Vozila auto = new Vozila(); auto.Registracija = strArray[0]; auto.Marka = strArray[1]; auto.GodinaProiz = strArray[2]; auto.Boja = strArray[3]; svaVozila.Add(auto); } } string registracija = Request.Form["registracija"]; string datum = Request.Form["Datum"]; string odM = Request["odMesta"]; string doM = Request.Form["doMesta"]; string kilometara = Request.Form["kilometara"]; if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(registracija)) { using (StreamWriter wr = new StreamWriter(@"C:\\proba\\MvcApplication1\\MvcApplication1\\fajlovi\\" + registracija + ".txt", true)) { wr.WriteLine(registracija + "|" + datum + "|" + odM + "|" + doM + "|" + kilometara); } } return View(svaVozila); } public ActionResult Prikaz() { List<Vozila> svaVozila = new List<Vozila>(); using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(@"C:\\proba\\MvcApplication1\\MvcApplication1\\fajlovi\\vozila.txt")) { while (sr.Peek() >= 0) { string str; string[] strArray; str = sr.ReadLine(); strArray = str.Split('|'); Vozila auto = new Vozila(); auto.Registracija = strArray[0]; auto.Marka = strArray[1]; auto.GodinaProiz = strArray[2]; auto.Boja = strArray[3]; svaVozila.Add(auto); } } string reg = Request["reg"]; string Marka = ""; string godia = ""; int kilometri = 0; for (int i = 0; i < svaVozila.Count; i++) { if (svaVozila[i].Registracija == reg) { Marka = svaVozila[i].Marka; godia = svaVozila[i].GodinaProiz; } } if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(reg)) { List<PredjeniPut> predj = new List<PredjeniPut>(); using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(@"C:\\proba\\MvcApplication1\\MvcApplication1\\fajlovi\\" + reg + ".txt")) { while (sr.Peek() >= 0) { string str; string[] strArray; str = sr.ReadLine(); strArray = str.Split('|'); PredjeniPut put = new PredjeniPut(); put.Registracija = strArray[0]; put.Datum = strArray[1]; put.Odmesta = strArray[2]; put.Domesta = strArray[3]; put.Kilometara = Convert.ToInt32(strArray[4]); predj.Add(put); } } for (int i = 0; i < predj.Count; i++) { kilometri += predj[i].Kilometara; } } ViewData["Kilometri"] = kilometri; ViewData["reg"] = reg; ViewData["Marka"] = Marka; ViewData["godina"] = godia; return View(svaVozila); } } } @*@model List<MvcApplication1.Models.Vozila> @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; } <h2>Index</h2> @using (Html.BeginForm("index,home")) { <select id="Select1" name="registracija"> @foreach (var i in Model) { <option value="@i.Registracija">@i.Registracija</option> } </select> <br /> <label>Datum</label><input id="Text1" type="text"name ="datum" /> <br /> <label>Od mesta</label><input id="Text1" type="text"name="odMesta" /><br /> <label>Do mesta</label> <input id="Text1" type="text"name="doMesta" /><br /> <label>Kilometara</label> <input id="Text1" type="text"name="kilometara" /><br /> <input id="Submit1" type="submit" value="Prosledi" /> } @Html.ActionLink("Prikaz","Prikaz","home");*@ @*@model List<MvcApplication1.Models.Vozila> @{ ViewBag.Title = "Prikaz"; } <h2>Prikaz</h2> @using (Html.BeginForm("Prikaz,home")) { <select id="Select1" name="reg"> @foreach (var i in Model) { <option value="@i.Registracija">@i.Registracija</option> } </select> <input id="Submit1" type="submit" value="Prikazi" /> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>Registracija</th> <th>GodinaProizvodnje</th> <th>Marka</th> <th>Kilometri</th> </tr> <tr> <td>@ViewData["reg"]</td> <td>@ViewData["Godina"]</td> <td>@ViewData["Marka"]</td> <td>@ViewData["Kilometri"]</td> </tr> </table> } *@