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[英]Reading excel file in c# using Microsoft DocumentFormat.OpenXml SDK
[英]Having trouble reading excel file with the OpenXML sdk
我有一個從Excel文件讀取並將結果存儲在DataSet
的函數。 我還有另一個寫入Excel文件的函數。 當我嘗試從常規的人為生成的excel文件中進行讀取時,excel讀取功能將返回一個空白的DataSet
,但是當我從由編寫功能所生成的excel文件中進行讀取時,它的工作效果非常好。 然后,即使我只是復制並粘貼函數生成的excel文件的內容,該函數也將不適用於常規生成的excel文件。 我終於找到了答案,但是我不知道從這里出發。 我的代碼有問題嗎?
這是excel生成函數:
public static Boolean writeToExcel(string fileName, DataSet data)
{
Boolean answer = false;
using (SpreadsheetDocument excelDoc = SpreadsheetDocument.Create(tempPath + fileName, SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook))
{
WorkbookPart workbookPart = excelDoc.AddWorkbookPart();
workbookPart.Workbook = new Workbook();
WorksheetPart worksheetPart = workbookPart.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>();
Sheets sheets = excelDoc.WorkbookPart.Workbook.AppendChild<Sheets>(new Sheets());
Sheet sheet = new Sheet()
{
Id = excelDoc.WorkbookPart.GetIdOfPart(worksheetPart),
SheetId = 1,
Name = "Page1"
};
sheets.Append(sheet);
CreateWorkSheet(worksheetPart, data);
answer = true;
}
return answer;
}
private static void CreateWorkSheet(WorksheetPart worksheetPart, DataSet data)
{
Worksheet worksheet = new Worksheet();
SheetData sheetData = new SheetData();
UInt32Value currRowIndex = 1U;
int colIndex = 0;
Row excelRow;
DataTable table = data.Tables[0];
for (int rowIndex = -1; rowIndex < table.Rows.Count; rowIndex++)
{
excelRow = new Row();
excelRow.RowIndex = currRowIndex++;
for (colIndex = 0; colIndex < table.Columns.Count; colIndex++)
{
Cell cell = new Cell()
{
CellReference = Convert.ToString(Convert.ToChar(65 + colIndex)),
DataType = CellValues.String
};
CellValue cellValue = new CellValue();
if (rowIndex == -1)
{
cellValue.Text = table.Columns[colIndex].ColumnName.ToString();
}
else
{
cellValue.Text = (table.Rows[rowIndex].ItemArray[colIndex].ToString() != "") ? table.Rows[rowIndex].ItemArray[colIndex].ToString() : "*";
}
cell.Append(cellValue);
excelRow.Append(cell);
}
sheetData.Append(excelRow);
}
SheetFormatProperties formattingProps = new SheetFormatProperties()
{
DefaultColumnWidth = 20D,
DefaultRowHeight = 20D
};
worksheet.Append(formattingProps);
worksheet.Append(sheetData);
worksheetPart.Worksheet = worksheet;
}
而閱讀功能如下:
public static void readInventoryExcel(string fileName, ref DataSet set)
{
using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadsheetDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(fileName, false))
{
WorkbookPart workbookPart = spreadsheetDocument.WorkbookPart;
WorksheetPart worksheetPart = workbookPart.WorksheetParts.First();
SheetData sheetData = worksheetPart.Worksheet.Elements<SheetData>().First();
int count = -1;
foreach (Row r in sheetData.Elements<Row>())
{
if (count >= 0)
{
DataRow row = set.Tables[0].NewRow();
row["SerialNumber"] = r.ChildElements[1].InnerXml;
row["PartNumber"] = r.ChildElements[2].InnerXml;
row["EntryDate"] = r.ChildElements[3].InnerXml;
row["RetirementDate"] = r.ChildElements[4].InnerXml;
row["ReasonForReplacement"] = r.ChildElements[5].InnerXml;
row["RetirementTech"] = r.ChildElements[6].InnerXml;
row["IncludeInMaintenance"] = r.ChildElements[7].InnerXml;
row["MaintenanceTech"] = r.ChildElements[8].InnerXml;
row["Comment"] = r.ChildElements[9].InnerXml;
row["Station"] = r.ChildElements[10].InnerXml;
row["LocationStatus"] = r.ChildElements[11].InnerXml;
row["AssetName"] = r.ChildElements[12].InnerXml;
row["InventoryType"] = r.ChildElements[13].InnerXml;
row["Description"] = r.ChildElements[14].InnerXml;
set.Tables[0].Rows.Add(row);
}
count++;
}
}
}
我認為這是由於您只有一張紙而Excel有三張紙造成的。 我不確定,但是我認為工作表是以相反的順序返回的,因此您應該更改行:
WorksheetPart worksheetPart = workbookPart.WorksheetParts.First();
至
WorksheetPart worksheetPart = workbookPart.WorksheetParts.Last();
如果可以通過工作表名稱進行標識,則搜索WorksheetPart
可能會更安全。 您需要先找到工作Sheet
然后使用該工作Sheet
的ID查找SheetPart
:
private WorksheetPart GetWorksheetPartBySheetName(WorkbookPart workbookPart, string sheetName)
{
//find the sheet first.
IEnumerable<Sheet> sheets = workbookPart.Workbook.GetFirstChild<Sheets>().Elements<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == sheetName);
if (sheets.Count() > 0)
{
string relationshipId = sheets.First().Id.Value;
WorksheetPart worksheetPart = (WorksheetPart)workbookPart.GetPartById(relationshipId);
return worksheetPart;
}
return null;
}
然后,您可以使用:
WorksheetPart worksheetPart = GetWorksheetPartBySheetName(workbookPart, "Sheet1");
在查看您的代碼時,我還注意到了其他一些事情,您可能會對(或可能不會!)感興趣:
在您的代碼中,您僅讀取InnerXml
因此對您而言可能並不重要,但是Excel存儲字符串的方式與您編寫字符串的方式不同,因此讀取Excel生成的文件可能不會為您提供期望的值。 在您的示例中,您將字符串直接寫入單元格,如下所示:
但是Excel使用SharedStrings概念,其中所有字符串都寫入一個單獨的XML文件中,該文件稱為sharedStrings.xml。 該文件包含Excel文件中使用的帶有參考的字符串,並且該值存儲在工作表XML的單元格值中。
sharedString.xml看起來像這樣:
然后單元格看起來像這樣:
在47
中的<v>
元素是第47共享字符串的引用。 請注意,生成的XML中的類型( t
屬性)為str
而Excel生成的文件中的類型為s
。 這表示您的是一個內聯字符串,而他們的是一個共享字符串。
您可以像其他任何部分一樣閱讀SharedStrings:
var stringTable = workbookPart.GetPartsOfType<SharedStringTablePart>().FirstOrDefault();
if (stringTable != null)
{
sharedString = stringTable.SharedStringTable.ElementAt(int.Parse(value)).InnerText;
}
其次,如果查看代碼生成的單元格引用和Excel生成的單元格引用,您會看到您僅輸出列而不是行(例如,輸出A
而不是A1
)。 要解決此問題,您應該更改以下行:
CellReference = Convert.ToString(Convert.ToChar(65 + colIndex)),
至
CellReference = Convert.ToString(Convert.ToChar(65 + colIndex) + rowIndex.ToString()),
希望對您有所幫助。
不久前,我嘗試對Word文檔執行此操作時遇到了類似的問題(程序生成的效果很好,但人為生成的效果不好)。 我發現此工具非常有用:
http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=30425
基本上,它查看文件,並向您顯示Microsoft生成的用於讀取文件的代碼,以及文件本身的xml結構。 和Microsoft產品一樣,菜單也很多,不是很直觀,但是單擊幾下后,您將可以准確地看到任意兩個文件的狀態。 我建議您打開一個有效的excel文件和一個無效的excel文件,並比較差異以查看導致問題的原因。
以下是我用來將特定工作表從Excel文件讀入DataTable
的OpenXML代碼。
首先,這是您的稱呼方式:
DataTable dt = OpenXMLHelper.ExcelWorksheetToDataTable("C:\\SQL Server\\SomeExcelFile.xlsx", "Mikes Worksheet");
這是代碼:
public class OpenXMLHelper
{
public static DataTable ExcelWorksheetToDataTable(string pathFilename, string worksheetName)
{
DataTable dt = new DataTable(worksheetName);
using (SpreadsheetDocument document = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(pathFilename, false))
{
// Find the sheet with the supplied name, and then use that
// Sheet object to retrieve a reference to the first worksheet.
Sheet theSheet = document.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == worksheetName).FirstOrDefault();
if (theSheet == null)
throw new Exception("Couldn't find the worksheet: " + worksheetName);
// Retrieve a reference to the worksheet part.
WorksheetPart wsPart = (WorksheetPart)(document.WorkbookPart.GetPartById(theSheet.Id));
Worksheet workSheet = wsPart.Worksheet;
string dimensions = workSheet.SheetDimension.Reference.InnerText; // Get the dimensions of this worksheet, eg "B2:F4"
int numOfColumns = 0;
int numOfRows = 0;
CalculateDataTableSize(dimensions, ref numOfColumns, ref numOfRows);
System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine(string.Format("The worksheet \"{0}\" has dimensions \"{1}\", so we need a DataTable of size {2}x{3}.", worksheetName, dimensions, numOfColumns, numOfRows));
SheetData sheetData = workSheet.GetFirstChild<SheetData>();
IEnumerable<Row> rows = sheetData.Descendants<Row>();
string[,] cellValues = new string[numOfColumns, numOfRows];
int colInx = 0;
int rowInx = 0;
string value = "";
SharedStringTablePart stringTablePart = document.WorkbookPart.SharedStringTablePart;
// Iterate through each row of OpenXML data
foreach (Row row in rows)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row.Descendants<Cell>().Count(); i++)
{
// *DON'T* assume there's going to be one XML element for each item in each row...
Cell cell = row.Descendants<Cell>().ElementAt(i);
if (cell.CellValue == null || cell.CellReference == null)
continue; // eg when an Excel cell contains a blank string
// Convert this Excel cell's CellAddress into a 0-based offset into our array (eg "G13" -> [6, 12])
colInx = GetColumnIndexByName(cell.CellReference); // eg "C" -> 2 (0-based)
rowInx = GetRowIndexFromCellAddress(cell.CellReference)-1; // Needs to be 0-based
// Fetch the value in this cell
value = cell.CellValue.InnerXml;
if (cell.DataType != null && cell.DataType.Value == CellValues.SharedString)
{
value = stringTablePart.SharedStringTable.ChildElements[Int32.Parse(value)].InnerText;
}
cellValues[colInx, rowInx] = value;
}
dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
// Copy the array of strings into a DataTable
for (int col = 0; col < numOfColumns; col++)
dt.Columns.Add("Column_" + col.ToString());
for (int row = 0; row < numOfRows; row++)
{
DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();
for (int col = 0; col < numOfColumns; col++)
{
dataRow.SetField(col, cellValues[col, row]);
}
dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
#if DEBUG
// Write out the contents of our DataTable to the Output window (for debugging)
string str = "";
for (rowInx = 0; rowInx < maxNumOfRows; rowInx++)
{
for (colInx = 0; colInx < maxNumOfColumns; colInx++)
{
object val = dt.Rows[rowInx].ItemArray[colInx];
str += (val == null) ? "" : val.ToString();
str += "\t";
}
str += "\n";
}
System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine(str);
#endif
return dt;
}
}
private static void CalculateDataTableSize(string dimensions, ref int numOfColumns, ref int numOfRows)
{
// How many columns & rows of data does this Worksheet contain ?
// We'll read in the Dimensions string from the Excel file, and calculate the size based on that.
// eg "B1:F4" -> we'll need 6 columns and 4 rows.
//
// (We deliberately ignore the top-left cell address, and just use the bottom-right cell address.)
try
{
string[] parts = dimensions.Split(':'); // eg "B1:F4"
if (parts.Length != 2)
throw new Exception("Couldn't find exactly *two* CellAddresses in the dimension");
numOfColumns = 1 + GetColumnIndexByName(parts[1]); // A=1, B=2, C=3 (1-based value), so F4 would return 6 columns
numOfRows = GetRowIndexFromCellAddress(parts[1]);
}
catch
{
throw new Exception("Could not calculate maximum DataTable size from the worksheet dimension: " + dimensions);
}
}
public static int GetRowIndexFromCellAddress(string cellAddress)
{
// Convert an Excel CellReference column into a 1-based row index
// eg "D42" -> 42
// "F123" -> 123
string rowNumber = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(cellAddress, "[^0-9 _]", "");
return int.Parse(rowNumber);
}
public static int GetColumnIndexByName(string cellAddress)
{
// Convert an Excel CellReference column into a 0-based column index
// eg "D42" -> 3
// "F123" -> 5
var columnName = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(cellAddress, "[^A-Z_]", "");
int number = 0, pow = 1;
for (int i = columnName.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
number += (columnName[i] - 'A' + 1) * pow;
pow *= 26;
}
return number - 1;
}
}
僅需提及,我們公司的某些Excel工作表的頂部有一個或多個空白行。 奇怪的是,這阻止了其他一些OpenXML庫正確讀取此類工作表。
這段代碼故意為工作表中的每個單元格創建一個具有一個值的DataTable
,甚至頂部的空白單元格也是如此。
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