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如何從 Swift 打開郵件應用程序

[英]How to open mail app from Swift

 原文  2014-09-22 19:07:18  2   18    ios/ swift

問題描述

我正在開發一個簡單的 swift 應用程序，用戶在其中輸入 email 地址並按下打開郵件應用程序的按鈕，在地址欄中輸入地址。 我知道如何在 Objective-C 中執行此操作，但我無法讓它在 Swift 中工作。

18 個解決方案

解決方案1
 304  2014-09-23 09:12:13

您可以使用簡單的 mailto: iOS 中的鏈接來打開郵件應用程序。

let email = "foo@bar.com"
if let url = URL(string: "mailto:\(email)") {
  if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
    UIApplication.shared.open(url)
  } else {
    UIApplication.shared.openURL(url)
  }    
}

解決方案2
 158  2019-04-19 17:11:57

雖然其他答案都是正確的，但您永遠無法知道運行您的應用程序的 iPhone/iPad 是否安裝了 Apple 的郵件應用程序，因為它可以被用戶刪除。

最好支持多個電子郵件客戶端。 以下代碼以更優雅的方式處理電子郵件發送。 代碼流程為：

  • 如果安裝了 Mail 應用程序，請打開預先填充了提供數據的 Mail 的作曲家
  • 否則，請嘗試依次打開 Gmail 應用程序、Outlook、Yahoo 郵件和 Spark
  • 如果沒有安裝這些客戶端，則回退到默認的mailto:..提示用戶安裝 Apple 的 Mail 應用程序。

代碼是用Swift 5編寫的：

    import MessageUI
    import UIKit

    class SendEmailViewController: UIViewController, MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate {
        
        @IBAction func sendEmail(_ sender: UIButton) {
            // Modify following variables with your text / recipient
            let recipientEmail = "test@email.com"
            let subject = "Multi client email support"
            let body = "This code supports sending email via multiple different email apps on iOS! :)"
            
            // Show default mail composer
            if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
                let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
                mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
                mail.setToRecipients([recipientEmail])
                mail.setSubject(subject)
                mail.setMessageBody(body, isHTML: false)
                
                present(mail, animated: true)
            
            // Show third party email composer if default Mail app is not present
            } else if let emailUrl = createEmailUrl(to: recipientEmail, subject: subject, body: body) {
                UIApplication.shared.open(emailUrl)
            }
        }
        
        private func createEmailUrl(to: String, subject: String, body: String) -> URL? {
            let subjectEncoded = subject.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)!
            let bodyEncoded = body.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)!
            
            let gmailUrl = URL(string: "googlegmail://co?to=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            let outlookUrl = URL(string: "ms-outlook://compose?to=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)")
            let yahooMail = URL(string: "ymail://mail/compose?to=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            let sparkUrl = URL(string: "readdle-spark://compose?recipient=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            let defaultUrl = URL(string: "mailto:\(to)?subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            
            if let gmailUrl = gmailUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(gmailUrl) {
                return gmailUrl
            } else if let outlookUrl = outlookUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(outlookUrl) {
                return outlookUrl
            } else if let yahooMail = yahooMail, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(yahooMail) {
                return yahooMail
            } else if let sparkUrl = sparkUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(sparkUrl) {
                return sparkUrl
            }
            
            return defaultUrl
        }
        
        func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) {
            controller.dismiss(animated: true)
        }
    }

請注意，我故意遺漏了 Outlook 應用程序的正文，因為它無法解析它。

您還必須將以下代碼添加到將使用的 URl 查詢方案列入白名單的Info.plist文件中。

<key>LSApplicationQueriesSchemes</key>
<array>
    <string>googlegmail</string>
    <string>ms-outlook</string>
    <string>readdle-spark</string>
    <string>ymail</string>
</array>

解決方案3
 64  2014-09-22 22:58:11

我不確定您是要切換到郵件應用程序本身還是只是打開並發送電子郵件。 對於鏈接到按鈕 IBAction 的后一個選項：

    import UIKit
    import MessageUI

    class ViewController: UIViewController, MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate {

    @IBAction func launchEmail(sender: AnyObject) {

    var emailTitle = "Feedback"
    var messageBody = "Feature request or bug report?"
    var toRecipents = ["friend@stackoverflow.com"]
    var mc: MFMailComposeViewController = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mc.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mc.setSubject(emailTitle)
    mc.setMessageBody(messageBody, isHTML: false)
    mc.setToRecipients(toRecipents)

    self.presentViewController(mc, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }

    func mailComposeController(controller:MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result:MFMailComposeResult, error:NSError) {
        switch result {
        case MFMailComposeResultCancelled:
            print("Mail cancelled")
        case MFMailComposeResultSaved:
            print("Mail saved")
        case MFMailComposeResultSent:
            print("Mail sent")
        case MFMailComposeResultFailed:
            print("Mail sent failure: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
        default:
            break
        }
        self.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
    }

    }

解決方案4
 30  2018-07-16 21:33:58

適用於 Swift 4.2+ 和 iOS 9+

let appURL = URL(string: "mailto:test@example.com")!

if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
    UIApplication.shared.open(appURL, options: [:], completionHandler: nil)
} else {
    UIApplication.shared.openURL(appURL)
}

將 test@example.com 替換為您想要的電子郵件地址。

您還可以在“收件人”、“抄送”和“密件抄送”字段中包含主題字段、消息和多個收件人：

mailto:foo@example.com?cc=bar@example.com&subject=Greetings%20from%20Cupertino!&body=Wish%20you%20were%20here!

解決方案5
 25  2016-12-15 09:20:14

在 Swift 3 中，您確保添加import MessageUI並且需要符合MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate協議。

func sendEmail() {
  if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
    let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mail.setToRecipients(["ved.ios@yopmail.com"])
    mail.setMessageBody("<p>You're so awesome!</p>", isHTML: true)

    present(mail, animated: true)
  } else {
    // show failure alert
  }
}

協議：

func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) {
  controller.dismiss(animated: true)
}

解決方案6
 17  2016-01-12 01:50:11

Swift 2，帶有可用性檢查：

import MessageUI

if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
    let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mail.setToRecipients(["test@test.test"])
    mail.setSubject("Bla")
    mail.setMessageBody("<b>Blabla</b>", isHTML: true)
    presentViewController(mail, animated: true, completion: nil)
} else {
    print("Cannot send mail")
    // give feedback to the user
}


// MARK: - MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate

func mailComposeController(controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result: MFMailComposeResult, error: NSError?) {
    switch result.rawValue {
    case MFMailComposeResultCancelled.rawValue:
        print("Cancelled")
    case MFMailComposeResultSaved.rawValue:
        print("Saved")
    case MFMailComposeResultSent.rawValue:
        print("Sent")
    case MFMailComposeResultFailed.rawValue:
        print("Error: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
    default:
        break
    }
    controller.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
}

解決方案7
 17  2017-11-05 07:51:32

這里是 Swift 4 的樣子：

import MessageUI

if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
    let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mail.setToRecipients(["test@test.test"])
    mail.setSubject("Bla")
    mail.setMessageBody("<b>Blabla</b>", isHTML: true)
    present(mail, animated: true, completion: nil)
} else {
    print("Cannot send mail")
    // give feedback to the user
}

func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) {
        switch result.rawValue {
        case MFMailComposeResult.cancelled.rawValue:
            print("Cancelled")
        case MFMailComposeResult.saved.rawValue:
            print("Saved")
        case MFMailComposeResult.sent.rawValue:
            print("Sent")
        case MFMailComposeResult.failed.rawValue:
            print("Error: \(String(describing: error?.localizedDescription))")
        default:
            break
        }
        controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
    }

解決方案8
 14  2016-11-16 14:28:33

Stephen Groom 為 Swift 3 更新的答案

let email = "email@email.com"
let url = URL(string: "mailto:\(email)")
UIApplication.shared.openURL(url!)

解決方案9
 14  2017-12-27 12:06:34

如果您只是想通過URL打開郵件客戶端，這里是 Swift 4 的更新：

let email = "foo@bar.com"
if let url = URL(string: "mailto:\(email)") {
   UIApplication.shared.open(url, options: [:], completionHandler: nil)
}

這對我來說非常好:)

解決方案10
 10  2016-09-07 15:48:54

這是 Swift 中 3 個步驟的直接解決方案。

import MessageUI

添加以符合委托

MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate

只需創建您的方法：

    func sendEmail() {
    if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
        let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
        mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
        mail.setToRecipients(["support@mail.com"])
        mail.setSubject("Support App")
        mail.setMessageBody("<p>Send us your issue!</p>", isHTML: true)
        presentViewController(mail, animated: true, completion: nil)
    } else {
        // show failure alert
    }
}

func mailComposeController(controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result: MFMailComposeResult, error: NSError?) {
    controller.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
}

解決方案11
 9  2019-01-19 12:29:48

您應該嘗試使用內置郵件編輯器發送，如果失敗，請嘗試使用共享：

func contactUs() {

    let email = "info@example.com" // insert your email here
    let subject = "your subject goes here"
    let bodyText = "your body text goes here"

    // https://developer.apple.com/documentation/messageui/mfmailcomposeviewcontroller
    if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {

        let mailComposerVC = MFMailComposeViewController()
        mailComposerVC.mailComposeDelegate = self as? MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate

        mailComposerVC.setToRecipients([email])
        mailComposerVC.setSubject(subject)
        mailComposerVC.setMessageBody(bodyText, isHTML: false)

        self.present(mailComposerVC, animated: true, completion: nil)

    } else {
        print("Device not configured to send emails, trying with share ...")

        let coded = "mailto:\(email)?subject=\(subject)&body=\(bodyText)".addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)
        if let emailURL = URL(string: coded!) {
            if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
                if UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(emailURL) {
                    UIApplication.shared.open(emailURL, options: [:], completionHandler: { (result) in
                        if !result {
                            print("Unable to send email.")
                        }
                    })
                }
            }
            else {
                UIApplication.shared.openURL(emailURL as URL)
            }
        }
    }
}

解決方案12
 7  2019-05-16 09:28:40

對於 Swift 4.2 及更高版本

let supportEmail = "abc@xyz.com"
if let emailURL = URL(string: "mailto:\(supportEmail)"), UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(emailURL)
{
    UIApplication.shared.open(emailURL, options: [:], completionHandler: nil)
}

讓用戶選擇許多郵件選項（如 iCloud、谷歌、雅虎、Outlook.com - 如果他的手機中沒有預先配置郵件）來發送電子郵件。

解決方案13
 5  2019-11-05 20:32:42

在視圖控制器中，您希望您的郵件應用程序可以在點擊時打開。

  • 在文件頂部，導入 MessageUI 。

  • 將此功能放在您的控制器中。

     func showMailComposer(){ guard MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() else { return } let composer = MFMailComposeViewController() composer.mailComposeDelegate = self composer.setToRecipients(["abc@gmail.com"]) // email id of the recipient composer.setSubject("testing!!!") composer.setMessageBody("this is a test mail.", isHTML: false) present(composer, animated: true, completion: nil) }

  • 擴展您的視圖控制器並符合MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate 。

  • 把這個方法和處理失敗，發送你的郵件。

     func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) { if let _ = error { controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil) return } controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil) }

解決方案14
 4  2017-06-05 14:08:43

@IBAction func launchEmail(sender: AnyObject) {
 if if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
   var emailTitle = "Feedback"
   var messageBody = "Feature request or bug report?"
   var toRecipents = ["friend@stackoverflow.com"]
   var mc: MFMailComposeViewController = MFMailComposeViewController()
   mc.mailComposeDelegate = self
   mc.setSubject(emailTitle)
   mc.setMessageBody(messageBody, isHTML: false)
   mc.setToRecipients(toRecipents)

   self.present(mc, animated: true, completion: nil)
 } else {
   // show failure alert
 }
}

func mailComposeController(controller:MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result:MFMailComposeResult, error:NSError) {
    switch result {
    case .cancelled:
        print("Mail cancelled")
    case .saved:
        print("Mail saved")
    case .sent:
        print("Mail sent")
    case .failed:
        print("Mail sent failure: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
    default:
        break
    }
    self.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
}

請注意，並非所有用戶都將其設備配置為發送電子郵件，這就是為什么我們需要在嘗試發送之前檢查 canSendMail() 的結果。 另請注意，您需要捕獲 didFinishWith 回調才能關閉郵件窗口。

解決方案15
 1  2017-04-03 18:10:13

對於我們這些在 Swift 2.3 上仍然落后的人，這里是 Gordon 在我們的語法中的回答：

let email = "foo@bar.com"
if let url = NSURL(string: "mailto:\(email)") {
   UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(url)
}

解決方案16
 0  2022-07-06 20:44:34

就我而言，我只是試圖打開郵件應用程序，而不創建電子郵件草稿。

如果有人偶然發現這個問題並且實際上正在嘗試做同樣的事情，這里是我使用的代碼：

private var openMailAppButton: some View { 
        Button {
            if let emailUrl = mailAppUrl() {
                UIApplication.shared.open(emailUrl)
            }
        } label: {
            Text("OPEN MAIL APP")
        }
    }

private func mailAppUrl() -> URL? {
        let gmailUrl = URL(string: "googlegmail://")
        let outlookUrl = URL(string: "ms-outlook://")
        let yahooMail = URL(string: "ymail://")
        let sparkUrl = URL(string: "readdle-spark://")
        let defaultUrl = URL(string: "message://")
        
        if let defaultUrl = defaultUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(defaultUrl) {
            return defaultUrl
        } else if let gmailUrl = gmailUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(gmailUrl) {
            return gmailUrl
        } else if let outlookUrl = outlookUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(outlookUrl) {
            return outlookUrl
        } else if let yahooMail = yahooMail, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(yahooMail) {
            return yahooMail
        } else if let sparkUrl = sparkUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(sparkUrl) {
            return sparkUrl
        }
        
        return defaultUrl
    }

解決方案17
 0  2022-07-18 02:17:19

我創建了一個 Swift 包來處理這個問題，並且還實現了檢查他們是否有多個電子郵件客戶端。

https://github.com/joe-scoto/EmailLink

解決方案18
 0  2022-09-14 12:36:53

func mailComposeController（_ controller：MFMailComposeViewController，didFinishWith 結果：MFMailComposeResult，錯誤：Swift.Error？）{

    controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
}

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