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如何从 Swift 打开邮件应用程序

[英]How to open mail app from Swift

 原文  2014-09-22 19:07:18  5   18    ios/ swift

问题描述

我正在开发一个简单的 swift 应用程序，用户在其中输入 email 地址并按下打开邮件应用程序的按钮，在地址栏中输入地址。 我知道如何在 Objective-C 中执行此操作，但我无法让它在 Swift 中工作。

18 个解决方案

解决方案1
 304  2014-09-23 09:12:13

您可以使用简单的 mailto: iOS 中的链接来打开邮件应用程序。

let email = "foo@bar.com"
if let url = URL(string: "mailto:\(email)") {
  if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
    UIApplication.shared.open(url)
  } else {
    UIApplication.shared.openURL(url)
  }    
}

解决方案2
 158  2019-04-19 17:11:57

虽然其他答案都是正确的，但您永远无法知道运行您的应用程序的 iPhone/iPad 是否安装了 Apple 的邮件应用程序，因为它可以被用户删除。

最好支持多个电子邮件客户端。 以下代码以更优雅的方式处理电子邮件发送。 代码流程为：

  • 如果安装了 Mail 应用程序，请打开预先填充了提供数据的 Mail 的作曲家
  • 否则，请尝试依次打开 Gmail 应用程序、Outlook、Yahoo 邮件和 Spark
  • 如果没有安装这些客户端，则回退到默认的mailto:..提示用户安装 Apple 的 Mail 应用程序。

代码是用Swift 5编写的：

    import MessageUI
    import UIKit

    class SendEmailViewController: UIViewController, MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate {
        
        @IBAction func sendEmail(_ sender: UIButton) {
            // Modify following variables with your text / recipient
            let recipientEmail = "test@email.com"
            let subject = "Multi client email support"
            let body = "This code supports sending email via multiple different email apps on iOS! :)"
            
            // Show default mail composer
            if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
                let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
                mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
                mail.setToRecipients([recipientEmail])
                mail.setSubject(subject)
                mail.setMessageBody(body, isHTML: false)
                
                present(mail, animated: true)
            
            // Show third party email composer if default Mail app is not present
            } else if let emailUrl = createEmailUrl(to: recipientEmail, subject: subject, body: body) {
                UIApplication.shared.open(emailUrl)
            }
        }
        
        private func createEmailUrl(to: String, subject: String, body: String) -> URL? {
            let subjectEncoded = subject.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)!
            let bodyEncoded = body.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)!
            
            let gmailUrl = URL(string: "googlegmail://co?to=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            let outlookUrl = URL(string: "ms-outlook://compose?to=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)")
            let yahooMail = URL(string: "ymail://mail/compose?to=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            let sparkUrl = URL(string: "readdle-spark://compose?recipient=\(to)&subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            let defaultUrl = URL(string: "mailto:\(to)?subject=\(subjectEncoded)&body=\(bodyEncoded)")
            
            if let gmailUrl = gmailUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(gmailUrl) {
                return gmailUrl
            } else if let outlookUrl = outlookUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(outlookUrl) {
                return outlookUrl
            } else if let yahooMail = yahooMail, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(yahooMail) {
                return yahooMail
            } else if let sparkUrl = sparkUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(sparkUrl) {
                return sparkUrl
            }
            
            return defaultUrl
        }
        
        func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) {
            controller.dismiss(animated: true)
        }
    }

请注意，我故意遗漏了 Outlook 应用程序的正文，因为它无法解析它。

您还必须将以下代码添加到将使用的 URl 查询方案列入白名单的Info.plist文件中。

<key>LSApplicationQueriesSchemes</key>
<array>
    <string>googlegmail</string>
    <string>ms-outlook</string>
    <string>readdle-spark</string>
    <string>ymail</string>
</array>

解决方案3
 64  2014-09-22 22:58:11

我不确定您是要切换到邮件应用程序本身还是只是打开并发送电子邮件。 对于链接到按钮 IBAction 的后一个选项：

    import UIKit
    import MessageUI

    class ViewController: UIViewController, MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate {

    @IBAction func launchEmail(sender: AnyObject) {

    var emailTitle = "Feedback"
    var messageBody = "Feature request or bug report?"
    var toRecipents = ["friend@stackoverflow.com"]
    var mc: MFMailComposeViewController = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mc.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mc.setSubject(emailTitle)
    mc.setMessageBody(messageBody, isHTML: false)
    mc.setToRecipients(toRecipents)

    self.presentViewController(mc, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }

    func mailComposeController(controller:MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result:MFMailComposeResult, error:NSError) {
        switch result {
        case MFMailComposeResultCancelled:
            print("Mail cancelled")
        case MFMailComposeResultSaved:
            print("Mail saved")
        case MFMailComposeResultSent:
            print("Mail sent")
        case MFMailComposeResultFailed:
            print("Mail sent failure: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
        default:
            break
        }
        self.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
    }

    }

解决方案4
 30  2018-07-16 21:33:58

适用于 Swift 4.2+ 和 iOS 9+

let appURL = URL(string: "mailto:test@example.com")!

if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
    UIApplication.shared.open(appURL, options: [:], completionHandler: nil)
} else {
    UIApplication.shared.openURL(appURL)
}

将 test@example.com 替换为您想要的电子邮件地址。

您还可以在“收件人”、“抄送”和“密件抄送”字段中包含主题字段、消息和多个收件人：

mailto:foo@example.com?cc=bar@example.com&subject=Greetings%20from%20Cupertino!&body=Wish%20you%20were%20here!

解决方案5
 25  2016-12-15 09:20:14

在 Swift 3 中，您确保添加import MessageUI并且需要符合MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate协议。

func sendEmail() {
  if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
    let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mail.setToRecipients(["ved.ios@yopmail.com"])
    mail.setMessageBody("<p>You're so awesome!</p>", isHTML: true)

    present(mail, animated: true)
  } else {
    // show failure alert
  }
}

协议：

func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) {
  controller.dismiss(animated: true)
}

解决方案6
 17  2016-01-12 01:50:11

Swift 2，带有可用性检查：

import MessageUI

if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
    let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mail.setToRecipients(["test@test.test"])
    mail.setSubject("Bla")
    mail.setMessageBody("<b>Blabla</b>", isHTML: true)
    presentViewController(mail, animated: true, completion: nil)
} else {
    print("Cannot send mail")
    // give feedback to the user
}


// MARK: - MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate

func mailComposeController(controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result: MFMailComposeResult, error: NSError?) {
    switch result.rawValue {
    case MFMailComposeResultCancelled.rawValue:
        print("Cancelled")
    case MFMailComposeResultSaved.rawValue:
        print("Saved")
    case MFMailComposeResultSent.rawValue:
        print("Sent")
    case MFMailComposeResultFailed.rawValue:
        print("Error: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
    default:
        break
    }
    controller.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
}

解决方案7
 17  2017-11-05 07:51:32

这里是 Swift 4 的样子：

import MessageUI

if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
    let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
    mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
    mail.setToRecipients(["test@test.test"])
    mail.setSubject("Bla")
    mail.setMessageBody("<b>Blabla</b>", isHTML: true)
    present(mail, animated: true, completion: nil)
} else {
    print("Cannot send mail")
    // give feedback to the user
}

func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) {
        switch result.rawValue {
        case MFMailComposeResult.cancelled.rawValue:
            print("Cancelled")
        case MFMailComposeResult.saved.rawValue:
            print("Saved")
        case MFMailComposeResult.sent.rawValue:
            print("Sent")
        case MFMailComposeResult.failed.rawValue:
            print("Error: \(String(describing: error?.localizedDescription))")
        default:
            break
        }
        controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
    }

解决方案8
 14  2016-11-16 14:28:33

Stephen Groom 为 Swift 3 更新的答案

let email = "email@email.com"
let url = URL(string: "mailto:\(email)")
UIApplication.shared.openURL(url!)

解决方案9
 14  2017-12-27 12:06:34

如果您只是想通过URL打开邮件客户端，这里是 Swift 4 的更新：

let email = "foo@bar.com"
if let url = URL(string: "mailto:\(email)") {
   UIApplication.shared.open(url, options: [:], completionHandler: nil)
}

这对我来说非常好:)

解决方案10
 10  2016-09-07 15:48:54

这是 Swift 中 3 个步骤的直接解决方案。

import MessageUI

添加以符合委托

MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate

只需创建您的方法：

    func sendEmail() {
    if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
        let mail = MFMailComposeViewController()
        mail.mailComposeDelegate = self
        mail.setToRecipients(["support@mail.com"])
        mail.setSubject("Support App")
        mail.setMessageBody("<p>Send us your issue!</p>", isHTML: true)
        presentViewController(mail, animated: true, completion: nil)
    } else {
        // show failure alert
    }
}

func mailComposeController(controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result: MFMailComposeResult, error: NSError?) {
    controller.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
}

解决方案11
 9  2019-01-19 12:29:48

您应该尝试使用内置邮件编辑器发送，如果失败，请尝试使用共享：

func contactUs() {

    let email = "info@example.com" // insert your email here
    let subject = "your subject goes here"
    let bodyText = "your body text goes here"

    // https://developer.apple.com/documentation/messageui/mfmailcomposeviewcontroller
    if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {

        let mailComposerVC = MFMailComposeViewController()
        mailComposerVC.mailComposeDelegate = self as? MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate

        mailComposerVC.setToRecipients([email])
        mailComposerVC.setSubject(subject)
        mailComposerVC.setMessageBody(bodyText, isHTML: false)

        self.present(mailComposerVC, animated: true, completion: nil)

    } else {
        print("Device not configured to send emails, trying with share ...")

        let coded = "mailto:\(email)?subject=\(subject)&body=\(bodyText)".addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)
        if let emailURL = URL(string: coded!) {
            if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
                if UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(emailURL) {
                    UIApplication.shared.open(emailURL, options: [:], completionHandler: { (result) in
                        if !result {
                            print("Unable to send email.")
                        }
                    })
                }
            }
            else {
                UIApplication.shared.openURL(emailURL as URL)
            }
        }
    }
}

解决方案12
 7  2019-05-16 09:28:40

对于 Swift 4.2 及更高版本

let supportEmail = "abc@xyz.com"
if let emailURL = URL(string: "mailto:\(supportEmail)"), UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(emailURL)
{
    UIApplication.shared.open(emailURL, options: [:], completionHandler: nil)
}

让用户选择许多邮件选项（如 iCloud、谷歌、雅虎、Outlook.com - 如果他的手机中没有预先配置邮件）来发送电子邮件。

解决方案13
 5  2019-11-05 20:32:42

在视图控制器中，您希望您的邮件应用程序可以在点击时打开。

  • 在文件顶部，导入 MessageUI 。

  • 将此功能放在您的控制器中。

     func showMailComposer(){ guard MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() else { return } let composer = MFMailComposeViewController() composer.mailComposeDelegate = self composer.setToRecipients(["abc@gmail.com"]) // email id of the recipient composer.setSubject("testing!!!") composer.setMessageBody("this is a test mail.", isHTML: false) present(composer, animated: true, completion: nil) }

  • 扩展您的视图控制器并符合MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate 。

  • 把这个方法和处理失败，发送你的邮件。

     func mailComposeController(_ controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWith result: MFMailComposeResult, error: Error?) { if let _ = error { controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil) return } controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil) }

解决方案14
 4  2017-06-05 14:08:43

@IBAction func launchEmail(sender: AnyObject) {
 if if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
   var emailTitle = "Feedback"
   var messageBody = "Feature request or bug report?"
   var toRecipents = ["friend@stackoverflow.com"]
   var mc: MFMailComposeViewController = MFMailComposeViewController()
   mc.mailComposeDelegate = self
   mc.setSubject(emailTitle)
   mc.setMessageBody(messageBody, isHTML: false)
   mc.setToRecipients(toRecipents)

   self.present(mc, animated: true, completion: nil)
 } else {
   // show failure alert
 }
}

func mailComposeController(controller:MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result:MFMailComposeResult, error:NSError) {
    switch result {
    case .cancelled:
        print("Mail cancelled")
    case .saved:
        print("Mail saved")
    case .sent:
        print("Mail sent")
    case .failed:
        print("Mail sent failure: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
    default:
        break
    }
    self.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
}

请注意，并非所有用户都将其设备配置为发送电子邮件，这就是为什么我们需要在尝试发送之前检查 canSendMail() 的结果。 另请注意，您需要捕获 didFinishWith 回调才能关闭邮件窗口。

解决方案15
 1  2017-04-03 18:10:13

对于我们这些在 Swift 2.3 上仍然落后的人，这里是 Gordon 在我们的语法中的回答：

let email = "foo@bar.com"
if let url = NSURL(string: "mailto:\(email)") {
   UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(url)
}

解决方案16
 0  2022-07-06 20:44:34

就我而言，我只是试图打开邮件应用程序，而不创建电子邮件草稿。

如果有人偶然发现这个问题并且实际上正在尝试做同样的事情，这里是我使用的代码：

private var openMailAppButton: some View { 
        Button {
            if let emailUrl = mailAppUrl() {
                UIApplication.shared.open(emailUrl)
            }
        } label: {
            Text("OPEN MAIL APP")
        }
    }

private func mailAppUrl() -> URL? {
        let gmailUrl = URL(string: "googlegmail://")
        let outlookUrl = URL(string: "ms-outlook://")
        let yahooMail = URL(string: "ymail://")
        let sparkUrl = URL(string: "readdle-spark://")
        let defaultUrl = URL(string: "message://")
        
        if let defaultUrl = defaultUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(defaultUrl) {
            return defaultUrl
        } else if let gmailUrl = gmailUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(gmailUrl) {
            return gmailUrl
        } else if let outlookUrl = outlookUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(outlookUrl) {
            return outlookUrl
        } else if let yahooMail = yahooMail, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(yahooMail) {
            return yahooMail
        } else if let sparkUrl = sparkUrl, UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(sparkUrl) {
            return sparkUrl
        }
        
        return defaultUrl
    }

解决方案17
 0  2022-07-18 02:17:19

我创建了一个 Swift 包来处理这个问题，并且还实现了检查他们是否有多个电子邮件客户端。

https://github.com/joe-scoto/EmailLink

解决方案18
 0  2022-09-14 12:36:53

func mailComposeController（_ controller：MFMailComposeViewController，didFinishWith 结果：MFMailComposeResult，错误：Swift.Error？）{

    controller.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
}

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